Sendak’s Not-so-Wild Things

Researching last week’s piece on tattooing revived somewhat my old interest in Polynesian culture. With no pig to stick or roast, I had to indulge my enthusiasm the virtual way — by watching a YouTube clip in which a mixed group of Maoris performs a war chant. The effect was suitably horrifying. The performers managed to sustain their fury till the end — a theatrical coup when you consider none of the chanters had much reason to be angry at anyone in the audience. In comparison, the Zulu war songs in the movie Zulu are more awesome, but it’s their harmonic complexity that inspires the awe and renders them, paradoxically, too beautiful to be altogether frightening. I daresay even I were cowering behind a sack of meal, the men of the hostile impi jabbing their aasegais at the place where my Adam’s apple would be if I raised my head, I wouldn’t be able to resist humming along.

But not even in the movies would Welsh soldiers interrupt a Maori chanting party by striking up a song of their own. To an English-speaker unfamiliar with Maori, the words sound an awful lot like ‘SHUTTHEFUCKUP,” and their delivery suggests that might not be so far from their actual meaning.

The memory of these bone-chilling imprecations returns to me as I search for the words to explain why I’ve never quite bought the late Maurice Sendak as a master of darkness. I read both In the Night Kitchen and Where the Wild Things Are when I was three, as receptive and impressionable an age as the author could want. And neither of the damn books scared me for a second. The Wild Things might have had terrible teeth and claws, but in every other respect they were cute. As potential threats, they were about as convincing as Elmer Fudd. Mickey’s nudity did weird me out slightly, but it was clear it didn’t weird him out a bit. In escaping the Oliver Hardy clones, he never loses his smartassed grin for an instant.

It wasn’t until turning six that I found myself really shaken by anything in literature. The book was Great Expectations, from which my mother read me a chapter every night before bedtime. When Magwitch ordered Pip to bring him a file and some rations “or I’ll have your lungs and liver out,” my hands flew to my ears. I felt the terror of helplessness before something strong and pitiless. In fact, for many years, I misremembered Magwitch’s threat as “I’ll eat your lungs and liver,” which may explain why I’ve spent a good part of my life making my own lungs and liver completely indigestible.*

This was the effect the Maoris had on me. The chant was so fierce, and so deadly serious, that I was able to smother any association I had of grown men in loincloths with Robert Bly. Instead, I heard the crack of a war club against my own skull. Switching to a modern context, I saw myself meeting a Maori in a bar, getting ever so slightly wide, and flying face-first through a window to become an unprotesting receptacle for dozens of Maori fists and boots. Any author (or author-illustrator) who can achieve this effect with the tools at his disposal can mark a reader for life, and not necessarily in a bad way. Horror is nothing if not thrilling; well-remembered horror represents a renewable resource.

In the New Yorker’s “Postscript,” Adam Gopnik writes: “What [Sendak's] people seek is what we all seek: calm amid the storm of the world. They are studies in unostentatious courage—Max and Mickey don’t act out; they just carry on.” Resilience is an admirable quality, but it makes for dull reading unless some effort is made to dramatize the blips in it, those occasions where the hero or heroine is sure she’s going to lose, and goes slightly to pieces. It’s the moments when Bugs Bunny cries, “Yikes,” and when his ears sag in anticipation of doom, that make him a sympathetic — and relatively complex — character. Has anyone ever really given a tuppeny dam’ about the unflappable Road Runner?

Perrault and the Grimm brothers demonstrate just how possible this is when writing for very young readers. When we meet Cinderella, she’s been screwed royally by life, and experiences every one of her indignities to the fullest. If her fairy godmother offers her a better break than most of us can ever hope to get, it comes with all sorts of weird conditions, not unlike a credit card offer. In James and the Giant Peach, among other books, Roald Dahl employs the same pattern. Aunts Spiker and Sponge are so vile in their persons, and James Henry Trotter’s life with them so degraded, that hanging around with a bunch of giant, mutant insects seems like spring break in comparison. Beat that, anyone.

In an essay, Sendak recalled one of his first serious efforts at fiction, which he illustrated — and co-wrote with an older sister — at the age of nine or thereabouts. Titled “The Inseparables,” its title characters were a brother and sister who, like Tony and Cesca Carmonte in the original Scarface, were madly in love with one another. As they do for Tony and Cesca, things go badly for the Sendaks’ pair; the brother crashes his car and ends up in the hospital, bandaged from head to toe. Rather than accept this brake to their passion, the two lovers leap from a window, crying, “WE ARE INSEPARABLE,” and go splat.

In Sendak’s account, the story delighted his family, who provided him with his very first lecture-circuit stop. If Mom, Dad or a well-meaning uncle thought to take him aside and explain gently that brother-sister hookups are considered seriously uncool, even in royal families, he never mentions it. Although Sendak did go on to take a melancholy tone in some books for older kids, I’d say the gifts that first revealed themselves in “The Inseparables” are the ones that drove him ahead of the pack. These boil down to a whimsicality that domesticates the perverse and bizarre, making them fun, as the saying goes, for the whole family. That ain’t hay, but anyone who wants to give me nightmares is going to have to try a little harder.

*It turns out my memory is both worse and better than I gave it credit for. According to the Project Gutenberg edition, Magwitch threatens to extract Pip’s heart and liver. However, he adds that they’ll be “roasted, and ate.”

Memories of A Man I’ll Call “Eddie”

Last night I learned another friend had fallen sick. This time, the illness was lymphoma. When I got the news, he was already in the ICU, hooked up to all sorts of things that go beep in the night. This morning, I learned he’d died.

In calling this man a friend, I exaggerate a little. Nearly two years have passed since I last saw him. (Somehow, in spite of all the best scientific evidence, this seems far too short a time for lymphoma to have invested and conquered him.) We were never that close — he’s never visited me at home, for example. I got to know him well enough to feel affected by news of his death because we were once membes of the same parish community. “Fellow parishioners,” the proper term, sounds a little cold, a little weak, to do the bond justice. “Community mates,” though more communal, not to mention matier, rings too awkwardly to deserve coining.

Really, I’m not sure what to call us.

Sometime after 9/11 — or so I remember reading — Homeland Security recruited authors of speculative fiction into a special think tank. There, they spent their time imagining all the outside-the-box ways in which terrorists might attack. Whenever I’m forced to share my space with new people, my mind runs in a roughly analogous direction. If the alien presence is an individual, I wonder: Who will screw whom, and how, and when? If it’s a group, I pick out the alpha gorillas, estimating just how far survival will require the supression of my personality. For better or worse, I’m almost never wrong.

Plunging into a parish community threw those faculties into overdrive. Now, I’ve heard many Catholics complain that people in their own parishes are aloof, standoffish. I maintain they’d have had a very different experience if they’d shown up as converts. Or rather, they’d have had a different experience in an RCIA program run by Sister Lucia. The woman has the instincts of a social director on a cruise ship. For that reason, it took months of filtering out busybodies and motormouths, of gently turning aside the too obviously needy, before I was able to construct the bubble of privacy I wear as a general rule.

But, at surprsingly regular intervals, someone would impress me with a low-key, disinterested niceness. That’s a rare quality, probably because it’s a unprofitable one — it tends not to blow away recruiters in job interviews. The newly departed was one of these. I’ll call him “Eddie,” a name nothing like his, as a reminder of how slight an acquaintance we really had.

One afternoon, after a homily that included a rousing call to service, I showed up at the parish office and proclaimed my intention to volunteer for something. I wasn’t particular about what.

The small man behind the desk looked up. Through large, sad eyes he asked, “Do you have a community service sentence to fulfill?” Making a mental note never again to leave so many tattoos visible, I told him no, I was in it for the caritas. The man smiled a little and arranged for me to help do the wiring for some Adore Ministries shindig where a strobe light would set off the Blessed Sacrament. This was Eddie. Ever after, he remembered my name and made a point of seeking me out for a handshake and some chitchat, even if it meant ventuing into the smoking section.

Now that I think about it, Eddie might have been a smoker himself. The fuzziness of my memory even on this point says something about the nature of community matehood. By forcing strangers into close quarters without encouraging intimacy, the parish, like the workplace, enables them to make a profound impression on one another while remaining largely mysterious. Eddie lived in a small room in the back of the parish offices — that much I do remember. He was a musician, and from what I understand, had played some pretty respectable venues. With great caution, I’ll venture to recall that his life in rock had been colorful, meaning chaotic. He had the gentle, weary air of someone who’s stayed out a little too late a few too many times and is finally ready for a long nap.

Eddie shared these fragments of backstory during what turned out to be one of our last conversations — the very conversation, in fact, where he cemented his place in my heart. The parish was holding its annual Memorial Day retreat, and the retreat was turning into a nightmare. Serving as scullery maid in the kitchen had just about zombified me. An imminent, unsought administrative shakeup was infecting the whole place with a grinding sense of dread. I was sitting on the curb in the alley by the kitchen door, feeling like wax in the summer evening heat, when Eddie showed up, wearing his familiar, half-apologetic smile.

Of all things, we talked about David Sedaris, the humorist. Long ago, I formed a love-hate attitude toward Sedaris and his work. On one hand, he’s the worst kind of snob: a middlebrow who dines out mocking lower-middlebrows. In his anedcotes, he takes a Nerf bat to himself and a chainsaw to everyone around him. He bills himself as a memoirist but lies like a rug. In other words, he’s me, plus God’s own comic timing and ear for dialogue.

Maybe Eddie felt the same kind of professional jealousy toward, say, Rick Springfield, but for Sedaris he had nothing but praise. It was intelligent praise — the praise of someone who doesn’t laugh easily. We talked about exaggeration and grotesquerie, and it was obvious he grasped these concepts firmly. Eddie then began to talk about his music, and I was touched to note he took care to hold the discourse down to my level, which is to say, the level of someone who likes Rick Springfield. We can’t have talked for more than half an hour, but by the time Eddie excused himself to go to bed, I had recovered the verve necessary to stagger back to the sink and the leaning tower of dishes, each one caked with lasagna.

About a week later, Eddie tracked me down after Mass and said, “Here, why don’t you take this? I’ve about read it to death.” He handed me a copy of Sedaris’ Me Talk Pretty One Day.

Well, of course I went off and read the damn thing to death myself. I still have it on my shelf. It occurs to me now that the second piece in the collection, titled “Giant Dreams, Midget Abilities,” amounts to a collection of interlocking meditations on loneliness. Sedaris’ father, Lou, feels isolated from his family by his fervid appreciation for jazz. (Regarding Dexter Gordon, he says, “You could have taken a hatchet and cut the man’s lips right off his face…and he’d still have played better than anyone else out there.”) He signs his son up for guitar lessons with a midget, isolated both by his size and his talent (and, perhaps, by his abrasive personality). When Sedaris inadvertently reveals his sexual orientation to his guitar teacher, the man recoils, making him feel like the odd person out. Sedaris finally drops the lessons, leaving his father, his teacher and himself all in their separate worlds.

When I review the few facts I know about Eddie’s life — in particular his transition from the rarefied, isolating existence of a musician to the warmly enfolded one of a parish fixture — I wonder whether that story spoke to him with special urgency. Of course I’ll never know, but my love of unifying signs and symbols makes me want to believe it did. Eddie had the rare gift of extending fellowship with unobtrusive gestures. He knew how to embrace the claustrophobe gently, to preclude loneliness in the born loner. Someone should coin a word for that, too.

Thanks to eulogistic convention, I feel the pull to say that I wish Eddie and I had gotten to know each other better, spent more time together, become bosom chums. But I’m not sure that’s what I actually believe. Not every pair is cut out for close friendship. Eddie and I might well have gotten as much good out of one another as we could realistically have hoped to get.

In an essay for this week’s Atlantic, novelist Stephen Marche quotes John Cacioppo, director of the Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience at the University of Chicago, on the dangers of over-reliance on social media. “The greater the proportion of face-to-face interactions, the less lonely you are,” says Cacioppo. The type of face-to-face interaction Marche seems most concerned with preserving is the intimate kind that involves routine exchanges of confidences. I wonder whether he doesn’t do a disservice to relationships like mine and Eddie’s, which are limited, maybe even superficial, but grounded in real human sympathy. Once those get their due, religion might start looking a lot more rational.

Romero and Sweet Schmaltz

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A little more than halfway through the film Romero, the title character, played by Raul Julia, walks nervously into a church that’s been occupied by the Salvadoran National Guard and announces his intention to remove the Eucharist. Expressing the contempt felt by the Salvadoran military establishment for the Church, an insolent, gum-smacking goon of a first sergeant empties his assault rifle into the tabernacle. Struck mute, Romero can do nothing, for the moment, but gape.

It’s a wonderful scene. Unfortunately, it’s also one of very few surprises the film offers. Weighted down by the good intentions (and perhaps as well by the low budget) of the Congregation of St. Paul, which produced it, Romero plods. The dialogue is stilted; most characters exist in two dimensions at best. At times, Gabriel Yared’s soundtrack is simply bizarre — when Romero SOA-trained assassin creeps into the church where his target is celebrating Mass, it plays a bouncy tune apparently inspired by Bizet’s “Habanera.” Granted, Carmen ends badly, too, but still.

For all its faults, Romero ranks among my favorite faith movies. I re-watch it once a month, on average. By now, it’s become a Rocky Horror-like event: I enjoy reciting “YOU’RE NOT DEFENDING — YOU’RE ATTACKING!” and “Do you expect me to baptize my baby with a bunch of Indians?” along with the actors. Nevertheless, my appreciation is sincere. Throughout, the cast struggles valiantly, and sometimes successfully, against the script. Julia tackles the grueling and thankless feat of portraying a character who guards not only his words but also his facial expressions. For most of the film, he acts entirely with his eyes, and he does it well. In one gem of a mini-monologue, Claudio Brook, playing the conservative (and extremely suave) Bishop Flores, talks himself into supporting Romero to his own amusement. Ana-Alicia manages to make the snobbish, spoiled, featherheaded Arista Zelada likeable — you want to smack the character, but not that hard.

But Romero works first and foremost because it believes in itself. As far as the writers were concerned, Archbishop Oscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdanez, who ordered the death squads, “STOP THE REPRESSION!” was a saint. Anything that distracts from that message is noise. That sense of conviction adds life to the flattest characters. When Harold Gould, playing fat cat Francisco Galedo, sneers, “The Church is a whore who will spread her legs to the highest bidder,” I wince — but more at the ugliness of the conceit than the ham-handedness of the line.

Last year, a friend of mine dragged me kicking and screaming into the world of American Christian cinema. (She also got me to go to a Matt Maher concert.) To my chagrin, I was unable to master my tear ducts through Letters to God or The Blind Side. Both shot bolts straight into my gooey center in a way the far more complex, better-written Doubt simply didn’t. Though the cinematic equivalent of a Paula Deen dessert, Brother Sun, Sister Moon had me humming the Donovan Leitch soundtrack. Despite featuring Mickey Rourke, the object of a longstanding man-crush, in the title role, the dark and gritty Francesco made about the same impression as Harley Davidson and the Marlboro Man.

It was only after joining the blogosphere that I first learned of the cult of Flannery O’Connor. Her fans toss out her quotes like party favors, and — this drives me insane — call her “Flannery,” as though she were the GOP front-runner. I suspect one reason for O’Connor’s popularity is her hipness. In her work, she was dark; in private life, she was always good for a snide one-liner. Although O’Connor admitted to identifying with some of her least likeable characters — with Hulga in “Good Country People,” for example — this needn’t prevent her readers from feeling superior to them. Read on a certain level, her work proves a Christian doesn’t have to be a drip. She can still feel, and traffic in, Hobbes’ “sudden glory.”

But the best schmaltz seduces by staring down whatever prejudices make consumers equate sophistication with darkness, flippancy, irony or moral ambiguity. “Listen,” a good schmaltzy script will tell viewers. “I know perfectly well part of you wants to believe in happy endings and teddy bears and rainbows and a merciful diety. And you know what? It’s okay. Everybody does. You’re normal, trust me.” Michael Landon once said his greatest gift was the the ability to make audiences cry. He should have said his gift was for making audiences cry without making them feel condescended to. What else could have made Little House into a cultural icon in the swinging 70s, or Highway to Heaven one in the coked-out 80s?

Maybe it’s no coincidence that Italy, which gave the world opera and Life is Beautiful, is creating religious-themed movies that are completely sentimental, and at least halfway intelligent. Assured of a robust domestic market, Italian production company Lux Vide has invested its Stories of the Saints series of made-for-RAI movies with staggeringly high production values. Jurgen Prochnow of Das Boot and The English Patient co-stars in Padre Pio. Ennio Morricone, who wrote the scores for The Good, the Bad and the Ugly and Fistful of Dollars, provided the soundtrack for Maria Goretti. To Romero’s earnestness, both films add a kind of self-confident snap. When Sergio Castellitto, playing Padre Pio, reports to a panel of Capuchin superiors who want to scrounge some of the donations he’s received toward a new hospital, he tosses them candy from his pocket to prove how broke he is. It’s a great moment.

In 2010, Lux Vide produced an English-language film on the career of no less controversial a candidate for sainthood than Pope Pius XII. (Full title: Pius XII: Under the Roman Sky.) Starring in the title role is veteran character actor James Cromwell, who, though a WASP, might be the only man in the world who could play Papa Pacelli without a prosthetic nose. In Italy, it did well enough: Part 1 claimed 4.894.000 viewers; Part 2, 5.727.000. But, though in English, and despite Pope Benedict’s own recommendation, the film doesn’t seem to have made much of a splash here in America. IMDb users gave the film 4.6 out of a possible 10 stars, and some complained about its inaccessibility. Uncritical, unironic faith movies may play to a niche market for quite some time to come.

When weighing the pros and cons of that fact, I can’t help reflecting on Napoleon Dynamite. It baffled many very intelligent people I know. “It’s about nothing,” they’d say, “but somehow, I couldn’t tear my eyes away.” Well, to me, it was quite obvious what the film was about: a dork who proves to himself he’s no loser. In this, it resembles the 1986 film Lucas. But whereas Lucas was unapologetically a tear-jerker, Napoleon Dynamite is more circumspect. Screenwriters Jared and Jerusha Hess weren’t sure they wanted viewers identifying too closely with their awkward hero. Better hedge their bets by leaving room to laugh at him (as, for example, when he asks a farmer whether his chickens have large talons). Very urbanely, they buried their schmaltz under snark.

The Hesses are Mormons, as — implicitly — were most of their characters. Maybe this was their Flannery O’Connor moment, their way of telling the world, “Despite persistent rumors to the contrary, we’re actually quite funky.” They’re right — they are funky, and their film is one of my favorites. But I sometimes wonder whether it might not have been bolder of them to plead sympathy for their characters a little more directly, and for that matter, to play up their Mormonism. Is it right or just that I had to learn about their faith through South Park and Angels in America?