Of the making of commentaries…

… there seems to be no end, and that’s a very good thing. Why?

Because not only do we continue to learn new things and adapt new approaches to Scripture, but pastors and teachers are in constant need of commentaries on the Bible that make sense of the text in ways that help church life.

D.A. Carson’s Pillar Commentary series is designed for that very purpose: exegetical rigor and church life.

No commentary in the entire Pillar series does this better than Roy Ciampa and Brian Rosner’s The First Letter to the Corinthians (Pillar New Testament Commentary). Perhaps you are like me in going to Gordon Fee’s classic commentary on 1 Corinthians first … and so like me perhaps you are wondering if there’s something that updates it. Ciampa and Rosner do just that.

The commentary is complete; it is theologically informed; it is pastorally judicious. A distinctive feature of this commentary, and I have to say I tried to do the same in my (soon to be published) James commentary, is to focus on the biblical and Jewish context of the book instead of chasing down parallels that will be, well, just parallel lines from different cultures.

The unity of this letter is formed around four themes: the Lordship of Christ, worldwide worship, the eschatological temple, and the glory of God.

New Commentaries in Abundance

This is the time of the year when publishers bring out new commentaries, and I mentioned one yesterday.  Why is this the time? The annual academic meetings are this week and next week so the publishers get their Fall line-up of books ready to market them to professors. It is also the time when new books seem to fly across my desk.  I attempt to keep the readers of this blog aware of some of the best books that are coming out so I want to mention two in the very useful Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament by Zondervan:

Clinton Arnold, Ephesians (Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament).

Tom Schreiner, Galatians (Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament).

This series is unique in that it approaches the texts through the approach many evangelicals learn in exegesis classes, including diagramming the Greek sentences of the passage, finding the big, main idea, working through the structure, and then examining the passage without it becoming lengthy excursions into the vagaries of everything everyone has ever said on everything imaginable about every text. The series is specially designed for teaching students how to exegete texts.

I will use Arnold’s Ephesians soon because I’m eventually going to write a commentary on Colossians, and Ephesians and Colossians are in discussion with one another. Schreiner’s commentary approaches Paul through the “old” perspective and gives the new perspective folks a run for their money.

Gordon Fee on Revelation

Gordon Fee’s newest commentary, and the newest one in the New Covenant Commentary Series, is on the Book of Revelation: Revelation (New Covenant Commentary). Anyone who opens with the following statement has my attention:

The unfortunate reality is that almost all of the popular stuff on the Revelation, which tends to be well known by many of these [his] students, has scarcely a shred of exegetical basis to it.

And Fee knows Revelation uses prophetic images in the Bible and from the Jewish world, but the genius of apocalyptic literature and prophetic language is the re-use of old language to say (and see) new things. Some images are constant and stock — beasts are empires; some are fluid and some are very specific — and we are called to focus through the lens of how John interprets images.

Like Son of man, golden lampstands, seven stars, a numberless multitude, the great dragon, seven heads of the beast, and the great harlot. John interprets these and sketches the landscape in clarity for us by doing so.

Here are some of the inside secrets to this new series: responsible; done by excellent scholars; exegetically grounded and theologically sensitive; accessible, accessible, accessible.

If I were teaching a course on Revelation, this is the book I’d use.

The problem any reader of Revelation faces today is the utter nonsense that has filled the minds with many Christians today. I’ll stop right there.

Getting Back to Basics

One of my seminary professors said to me privately, when I mentioned a monster commentary I had recently seen, that commentary writing had become vulgar. He was referring to length. There is a place for someone to write hundreds of pages on a short epistle, say Titus, but there’s something profoundly weird about such intensity if one steps back a minute. Yes, there is a place for the long commentary but it has its limitations.

Of all the New Testament books on which commentaries could become vulgar, if I may use my professor’s term, is the Letter to the Romans and part of the problem here is sheer number.  It would not be hard to find at least thirty or forty good commentaries on Romans, and I mean genuinely good ones. Somehow — God be thanked — the book of Romans has avoided having all the good commentaries become multi-volume commentaries. But, there are a number of them that are deep and intense and right at 1000 pages. (I have some suggestions here.)

Commentaries, so I believe, are read by only three groups of people: students who are assigned them for papers; pastors who use them for preaching and study; professors who review them, use them, and sort them out for lectures. Many commentaries are said to be for preaching pastors but I can’t believe they are. If a pastor is preaching through a shorter book, say Colossians or James, a longer commentary seems more digestible.

Maybe I’m out of touch, but I honestly don’t think most pastors thoroughly read multi-volume commentaries when they prepare sermons. Instead, they find the commentaries that get right at it and explain what the text says.

I’m happy to recommend Baker’s new series: The Paideia Commentaries New Testament. Yes, this post has been about Romans, and the new Paideia Romans has appeared: by Frank Matera. It’s called: Romans (Paideia: Commentaries on the New Testament). [Read more...]

The Gospel of John: A new commentary

In 1971 Leon Morris’s commentary on John was published and for a good two decades was the standard go-to commentary for evangelicals. Since then many others have appeared, but none of those by evangelicals has involved the painstaking work that we find in J. Ramsey Michaels’ decades-long efforts: The Gospel of John (New International Commentary on the New Testament).

What’s your favorite study of John?

Here’s what I will say: this Commentary will become standard; it is both conservative and original — it is exegetical, readable, and massively learned. What I like most is that Ramsey’s Commentary is really his own reading of the text and neither a summation or critical interaction with what others have said. It is more fulsome than those of late — Beasley-Murray, Carson, Koestenberger — and yet the G John deserves fulsomeness, and only Craig Keener (a student of Ramsey’s) has a commentary that rivals completeness. Not only is this Gospel 21 chps long, it is loaded with terms and themes that cry out for fuller explanation. Brief commentaries don’t do the job.

I predict it will be the go-to Commentary for expository preachers for at least a decade, perhaps more. I know this: it will my first, and I just bumped it ahead of R.E. Brown’s work on my shelf.

Why is it called “The Gospel according to John“? Read John chps 1-3 and you will see why.

Recent Commentaries

Commentaries are at the heart of the expository preacher’s reading schedule. Commentaries multiply like rabbits, but they do so because (unlike rabbits) they are needed and scholarship continues to flourish. A commentary that is ten years old now seems dated, and that means pastors are trying to keep up their library by adding the best of commentaries as they are published. I’m happy to recommend two new ones.

On the book of James, Dan McCartney, now at Redeemer Theological Seminary in Dallas (formerly at Westminster), has written an accessible, theologically-alert, and exegetically sound commentary: James (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament)
. McCartney uses an economy of expression — so though the commentary is not quite as long as some today, there’s plenty of exegetical depth. 

Alongside McCartney’s commentary I want to recommend Peter O’Brien’s brand new commentary on Hebrews in the Pillar series: The Letter to the Hebrews (The Pillar New Testament Commentary)
. Cautious, careful, thorough, and totally rooted in both a theological grip and careful attention to the Greek text. 

Pastor’s Bookshelf: Revelation of John

JohnApostle.jpgYou can get folks to roll their eyes just mentioning the Book of Revelation, and mostly they do this because of the utter silliness of so much that is said and believed about the book these days — and, yes, that is a comment about the left behind series and similar observations. The Book of Revelation has been subjected to the highest level of serious scholarship, and I mention five really good commentaries, but before I mention that, here’s a good book on how the Revelation works:

Now commentaries:
The most extensive, historically-oriented, but theologically disinterested commentary on Revelation is the three-volume set by D. Aune, Revelation 1-5 (Word Biblical Commentary 52a)
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At the other end of the spectrum because it always has its eye on the church and on the preacher and on theology, see G. Osborne, Revelation (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament)
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A readable commentary by a life-time scholar on John’s writing is S. Smalley, The Revelation to John: A Commentary on the Greek Text of the Apocalypse
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This commentary took evangelicals away from silly speculation to a more serious interaction with the text of Revelation is R. Mounce, The Book of Revelation (The New International Commentary on the New Testament)
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Pastor’s Bookshelf: 1-2 Peter (with Jude)

ApPeter.jpg

I’ve been negligent in getting the final posts done on New Testament commentaries, and I apologize. Today we list valuable commentaries on 1 and 2 Peter and Jude. Again, I’m open to any suggestions you might have.

No commentary is as complete as JH Elliott on 1 Peter, and it is the result of a career of studies on the letter: 1 Peter (The Anchor Yale Bible Commentaries).

PJ Achtemeier’s commentary is another landmark by a veteran NT scholar; complete, exegetical and theologically alert: 1 Peter: A Commentary on First Peter (Hermeneia: a Critical and Historical Commentary on the Bible)
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It feels like an injustice to postpone a commendation of J Ramsey Michaels’ exceptional commentary on 1 Peter to third place, but the competition is stiff; you can’t go wrong with Michaels: Word Biblical Commentary Vol. 49, 1 Peter
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Karen Jobes has a readable, exegetical and solid commentary: 1 Peter (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament)
and JB Green, who is a master commentator, has a literary and theologically alert work on 1 Peter:  1 Peter (Two Horizons New Testament Commentary)
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R Bauckham’s commentary on 2 Peter and Jude was ground-breaking in completeness and sensitivity to the Jewish context, drawing these two letters out of worn down theological diatribes and back into original contexts: Word Biblical Commentary Vol. 50, 2 Peter, Jude.

The first time I taught 1 Peter I discovered the quality of insight (and prose) of JND Kelly’s commentary on 1-2 Peter and Jude, and I still turn to this commentary every time I consult commentaries on any of these letters: Epistles of Peter and Jude (NT in Context Commentaries)
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Now a third for those doing exegesis in the Greek text: Peter Davids, 2 Peter and Jude: A Handbook on the Greek Text (Baylor Handbook on the Greek New Testament).

Pastor’s Bookshelf: Hebrews

We don’t know who wrote Hebrews, but it surely wasn’t Paul even though some still contend he did. Anyway, no major commentary today argues that Paul wrote it, and these are the major ones I turn to … and, once again, there is an abundance of really fine commentaries. No one can suggest we are in serious need of a good commentary on Hebrews. I’m sure I’ve missed some good ones, so speak up if you think I have.

I begin with Harold Attridge, in part because I worked through it carefully with a class years back when it first appeared: Hebrews: A Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews (Hermeneia: A Critical and Historical Commentary on the Bible)
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After Attridge, I read W.L. Lane’s 2-volume Word commentary: Word Biblical Commentary Vol. 47a, Hebrews 1-8
and Word Biblical Commentary Vol. 47b, Hebrews 9-13
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Then Craig Koester’s more recent Anchor Bible: Hebrews: A New Translation With Introduction and Commentary
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Then Paul Ellingworth’s thoroughgoing commentary in the NIGTC series: The Epistle to the Hebrews: A Commentary on the Greek Text (New International Greek Testament Commentary)
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And I check Luke Timothy Johnson: Hebrews: A Commentary (New Testament Library)
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Pastor’s Bookshelf: Pastorals

Paul.jpgWhen it comes to the Pastoral epistles of 1-2 Timothy and Titus, there is such an abundance of good commentaries that one might say it is is ridiculous. I’m not sure why there are so many top notch, career-shaped commentaries on the Pastorals, but that’s the way it is. Again, what do you find helpful on these letters?

And at the top of the heap, and the only one you need if you have it, is Phil Towner, The Letters to Timothy And Titus (New International Commentary on the New Testament)
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Then, from the evangelical side, I turn to (the incredibly expensive) commentary by I. Howard Marshall, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Pastoral Epistles (International Critical Commentary) , to William Mounce, Word Biblical Commentary Vol. 46, Pastoral Epistles
and to G.W. Knight III: The Pastoral Epistles: A Commentary on the Greek Text (New International Greek Testament Commentary)
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Then one can turn to Luke Timothy Johnson, The First and Second Letters to Timothy (The Anchor Yale Bible Commentaries)
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Then to R.F. Collins, 1 & 2 Timothy and Titus: A Commentary (New Testament Library)
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And finally to J.D. Quinn, The Letter to Titus (The Anchor Yale Bible Commentaries)
and his never-going-to-end commentary on 1-2 Tim: The First and Second Letters to Timothy
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