{"id":769,"date":"2006-02-07T01:59:00","date_gmt":"2006-02-07T01:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings\/"},"modified":"2006-02-07T01:59:00","modified_gmt":"2006-02-07T01:59:00","slug":"philosophy-authenticity-some-musings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html","title":{"rendered":"Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p>So\u2026 Another topic I\u2019m somewhat ill-equipped to tackle, but no less than the next guy I suppose. Let me introduce three thinkers: <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Immanuel Kant<\/span> (already a frequent visitor here), <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Martin Heidegger<\/span>, and <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Jean-Paul Sartre<\/span> (likely to become a regular in due course).  I want to discuss how each of them did (or might have) discussed <span style=\"font-style: italic\">authenticity<\/span>, and then give my own feeble views.  To understand <span style=\"font-style: italic\">authenticity<\/span>, I think a few conditions need to be discussed; first: how does one <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">identify <\/span>it (1st <span style=\"font-style: italic\">or<\/span> 3rd person), second: what is its <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">value <\/span>(personally\/socially), and third: how does one <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">attain <\/span>it?<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Kant and <\/span><span style=\"font-style: italic;font-weight: bold\">holiness:<\/span><\/div>\n<p> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.philosophypages.com\/ph\/kant.htm\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Immanuel Kant<\/a> (1724-1804) did not address the question of authenticity, but he had a concept I think will work in its place (if not as a somewhat more demanding ideal): holiness. In fact, Kant is at times admits that <span style=\"font-style: italic\">actualized<\/span> holiness is impossible, but we should strive for it nonetheless and count on a good God to ensure things work out in the afterlife. But \u2013 a non-theistic account of holiness (mine at least) could simply admit the rare possibility of achieved holiness-in-this-life (equal to the <a href='https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/library\/buddhism' target='_blank'>Buddhist<\/a> <span style=\"font-style: italic\">arahat<\/span>) and the likelihood or possibility of a better (if not in a Christian heaven) rebirth for those who fall short\u2026. In any case, Kant\u2019s concept of holiness was of a person who acted always and automatically in accordance with the moral law; as opposed to in accordance to sexual\/money mongering\/flattery\/ etc interests. Within the moral law, all people are of absolute and equal worth. It is attained through you setting <span style=\"font-style: italic\">it<\/span> as your ideal and then working through your non-moral interests, seeing others as equals, trying to see the world through other\u2019s viewpoints, and improving one\u2019s own consistency of motivation.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Heidegger and <\/span><span style=\"font-style: italic\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">authenticity:<span style=\"font-style: italic\"><br><\/span><\/span><\/span> \n<div style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.philosophypages.com\/ph\/heid.htm\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Martin Heidegger<\/a> (1889-1976) is <span style=\"font-style: italic\">the<\/span> philosopher of authenticity. Sadly, I am not nearly so familiar with him as I am with Kant. My understanding is that first, we must realize that we are <span style=\"font-style: italic\">thrown<\/span> into the world: into a socio-historical situation not of our making, but which in fact <span style=\"font-style: italic\">makes us<\/span>.  Our unique socio-historical situation, our surroundings, give us a <span style=\"font-style: italic\">mood<\/span>, and as such we come into being with a certain <span style=\"font-style: italic\">moodedness<\/span>. It is only through our mood that we can experience the world, we never have any purely rational or objective experience. But our mood (which I think maybe usefully rendered world-view) is never adequate to our reality, our experiences: things break down (like the child who is told that Santa Claus is not real). This gives rise to <span style=\"font-style: italic\">angst<\/span>, or anxiety, and the realization that we are beings-unto-death; that is, we are finite in the face of the infinite. If we do not crumble under this immense realization (as I suppose some do), then we <span style=\"font-style: italic\">consciously <\/span>come to terms with who we are, a product of our particular socio-historical situation, and move forward within that.\n<div style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Jean-Paul Sartre and <span style=\"font-style: italic\">the ego shift<\/span><\/span>\n<div style=\"text-align: left\">(1905-1980) I\u2019m not sure if this is the right place to go with Sartre (I\u2019m 2 weeks into a Sartre course, we start \u201cBeing and Nothingness\u201d on Wednesday), but I\u2019ll give it a go.  For Sartre, the great mistake in philosophy has been trying to set up a pre-experience self, that is, a self that exists prior to experience in the world.  The self only comes into being as a result of experience.  Take a child playing, for the child there is no \u2018self\u2019, simply immersion in the world of play.  Then suppose a stranger passes by, giving the child a dirty look.  Suppose this happens repeatedly.  At first the child simply recoils: something in the child\u2019s world is unpleasant.  But at some point the child has the realization, \u201cthat man is giving <span style=\"font-style: italic\">me<\/span> a dirty look.\u201d  Suddenly there is reflection, and with it an additional object of consciousness, the \u2018ego\u2019 (<span style=\"font-style: italic\">me<\/span>), is born.  The problem we have with the rest of our lives is that this happens to us time and again: our experiences cause us not just to realize ourselves, but to label ourselves as this way and that (Jon thinks <span style=\"font-style: italic\">I <\/span>am smart, Mary thinks <span style=\"font-style: italic\"><span style=\"font-style: italic\">I<\/span><\/span> am weird).  The \u2018ego\u2019 becomes heavy with labels that come back to us in the world: I see Mary and act uncomfortable or Jon and smile with confidence.  We then think that the \u2018ego\u2019 is somehow who we really, essentially, are.  But this is the huge mistake.  We need to come to realize that our ego has been generated by past experience, we need to take <span style=\"font-style: italic\">it<\/span> (the \u2018ego\u2019) as an object of reflection (that is the \u2018shift\u2019 from ego as \u2018who we are\u2019 to ego as \u2018for-us\u2019), disentangle it, dissolve it, and return to that spontaneity and playfulness of the child in the world, only now <span style=\"font-style: italic\">with<\/span> the \u2018ego\u2019 that the child lacked.\n<p>Ok, I think that\u2019s enough for now.   Any one of these thinkers could be profitably taken up as a separate post\u2026 Perhaps some charts and graphs would help \ud83d\ude42<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p> <span style=\"font-style: italic\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\"><span style=\"font-style: italic\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"blogger-post-footer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/tracker\/7907151-113929330596952090?l=americanbuddhist.blogspot.com\" alt=\"\"><\/div>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>So\u2026 Another topic I\u2019m somewhat ill-equipped to tackle, but no less than the next guy I suppose. Let me introduce three thinkers: Immanuel Kant (already a frequent visitor here), Martin Heidegger, and Jean-Paul Sartre (likely to become a regular in due course). I want to discuss how each of them did (or might have) discussed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":118,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"So... Another topic I&#039;m somewhat ill-equipped to tackle, but no less than the next guy I suppose. Let me introduce three thinkers: Immanuel Kant (already\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"So... Another topic I&#039;m somewhat ill-equipped to tackle, but no less than the next guy I suppose. Let me introduce three thinkers: Immanuel Kant (already\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"American Buddhist Perspectives\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2006-02-07T01:59:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/tracker\/7907151-113929330596952090?l=americanbuddhist.blogspot.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Justin Whitaker\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Justin Whitaker\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html\",\"name\":\"Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2006-02-07T01:59:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2006-02-07T01:59:00+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/abfb8f851f671638c4c7536b963f9da9\"},\"description\":\"So... Another topic I'm somewhat ill-equipped to tackle, but no less than the next guy I suppose. Let me introduce three thinkers: Immanuel Kant (already\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/\",\"name\":\"American Buddhist Perspectives\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/abfb8f851f671638c4c7536b963f9da9\",\"name\":\"Justin Whitaker\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/817b6fba8ae056aaff4f9bdc84347d72?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/817b6fba8ae056aaff4f9bdc84347d72?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg\",\"caption\":\"Justin Whitaker\"},\"description\":\"I am an almost-life-long Montanan; a baptized Catholic; an ardent Atheist; a practicing Buddhist; a lover of Wisdom. I have a BA and almost an MA in (Western) Philosophy from the University of Montana-Missoula, an MA in Buddhist Studies from Bristol University, UK, and I am currently working on a Ph.D. in Buddhist Ethics at the U of London. My main academic foci are early Buddhist ethics and Kant (odd combination, I know). I also study Western ethics, Tibetan Buddhism, Theravada, Comparative philosophy, and Environmental ethics. I also like photography, running, drinking wine, and eating peanut butter (often in that order).\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/author\/justinwhitaker\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings","description":"So... Another topic I'm somewhat ill-equipped to tackle, but no less than the next guy I suppose. Let me introduce three thinkers: Immanuel Kant (already","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings","og_description":"So... Another topic I'm somewhat ill-equipped to tackle, but no less than the next guy I suppose. Let me introduce three thinkers: Immanuel Kant (already","og_url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html","og_site_name":"American Buddhist Perspectives","article_published_time":"2006-02-07T01:59:00+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/tracker\/7907151-113929330596952090?l=americanbuddhist.blogspot.com"}],"author":"Justin Whitaker","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Justin Whitaker","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html","name":"Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#website"},"datePublished":"2006-02-07T01:59:00+00:00","dateModified":"2006-02-07T01:59:00+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/abfb8f851f671638c4c7536b963f9da9"},"description":"So... Another topic I'm somewhat ill-equipped to tackle, but no less than the next guy I suppose. Let me introduce three thinkers: Immanuel Kant (already","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2006\/02\/philosophy-authenticity-some-musings.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Philosophy: Authenticity, some musings"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/","name":"American Buddhist Perspectives","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/abfb8f851f671638c4c7536b963f9da9","name":"Justin Whitaker","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/817b6fba8ae056aaff4f9bdc84347d72?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/817b6fba8ae056aaff4f9bdc84347d72?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg","caption":"Justin Whitaker"},"description":"I am an almost-life-long Montanan; a baptized Catholic; an ardent Atheist; a practicing Buddhist; a lover of Wisdom. I have a BA and almost an MA in (Western) Philosophy from the University of Montana-Missoula, an MA in Buddhist Studies from Bristol University, UK, and I am currently working on a Ph.D. in Buddhist Ethics at the U of London. My main academic foci are early Buddhist ethics and Kant (odd combination, I know). I also study Western ethics, Tibetan Buddhism, Theravada, Comparative philosophy, and Environmental ethics. I also like photography, running, drinking wine, and eating peanut butter (often in that order).","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/"],"url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/author\/justinwhitaker"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/118"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=769"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/769\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}