{"id":822,"date":"2005-10-13T17:42:00","date_gmt":"2005-10-13T17:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association\/"},"modified":"2005-10-13T17:42:00","modified_gmt":"2005-10-13T17:42:00","slug":"philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html","title":{"rendered":"Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p>I\u2019ve been working on a theory lately.  It\u2019s rough, but try to follow.<\/p>\n<p>Philosophers since <a href=\"http:\/\/www.philosophypages.com\/ph\/kant.htm\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Kant<\/a> (1724-1804) have argued that the world we see is influenced by <span style=\"font-style: italic\">concepts<\/span>.  This means roughly that my world and the world of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.itk.ca\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Inuit<\/a> are probably radically different.   The world of <a href=\"http:\/\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Homer\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Homeric poetry<\/a> with its epic figures, active gods, and bizarre creatures is certainly different from our modern technologized, bureaucratic, media-driven society. The stories you are told as a child, the people you know, the education you receive all provide those <span style=\"font-style: italic\">concepts <\/span>that determine how we see the world.<\/p>\n<p>Through these concepts we create a world-view: a story we tell ourselves about ourselves and the world. The world-view is a story of <span style=\"font-style: italic\">association<\/span>; and through it we <span style=\"font-style: italic\">associate<\/span> events in our lives with elements of the story. A simple world-view might be one of good-gods and bad-gods: when the rains come in spring it makes sense to us because <span style=\"font-style: italic\">in our story<\/span> that is what the good-gods do for us. When the locusts come in August, however, we are devastated. But we invent bad-gods to explain it and then we are ok with it, the <span style=\"font-style: italic\">anxiety<\/span> subsides because we now <span style=\"font-style: italic\">understand<\/span> the event.<\/p>\n<p>But our world-view breaks down: we do the rituals, we make our sacrifices, but the good-gods don\u2019t appear.  <span style=\"font-style: italic\">Associations<\/span> (ritual \u2013&gt; prosperity) we have created fail. Thus far I have nothing new \u2013 this seems to be the story of Western religion, from the Greeks to the Jews to the Christians, who have ingeniously put many of their <span style=\"font-style: italic\">associations <\/span>into the afterlife, securing them from any kind of breakdown (ritual \u2013&gt; prosperity, [maybe not in this life though\u2026]).<\/p>\n<p>Of course, putting off expectations until the afterlife is common amongst religions, and can come at a price; ritual takes time, time that I could spend doing other things. Ritual also may be perverted: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.owlnet.rice.edu\/%7Ereli291\/Jonestown\/Jonestown.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">drink the cool-aid<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inquisition\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">burn the infidels<\/a>, etc.  But such perversion can generally only be recognized from <span style=\"font-style: italic\">outside <\/span>the ritual participants, outside the <span style=\"font-style: italic\">community<\/span> of thought which generated them.  This is true not only of perverted religious expression, but secular as well: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/exec\/obidos\/ASIN\/0813332893\/montanafreethink\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">totalitarian marxism<\/a> and (some might say equally totalitarian) <a href=\"http:\/\/https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vaclav_Havel\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">consumerism<\/a> each can take people down the roads of their own demise.<\/p>\n<p>(enough with the build-up)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/photos1.blogger.com\/blogger\/4804\/510\/1600\/associations.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt;float: left;cursor: pointer\" src=\"https:\/\/photos1.blogger.com\/blogger\/4804\/510\/400\/associations.jpg\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\"><\/a>The meat of my theory is as follows: <span style=\"font-style: italic\">concepts <\/span>are words or images in our minds, and each is necessarily <span style=\"font-style: italic\">linked <\/span>to others (this is the meaning of <span style=\"font-style: italic\">association<\/span>).  For example: Hitler -&gt; Nazi \u2013 WWII -&gt; Holocaust -&gt; etc.  But there is no <span style=\"font-style: italic\">necessary<\/span> flow, it is not a chain, but a web or net, with each word forming a nexus of connections with further concepts.<\/p>\n<p>This is still fairly basic theory (we\u2019ve maybe moved forward to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.psy.pdx.edu\/PsiCafe\/KeyTheorists\/Freud.htm\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Freud<\/a>).  The advance I would like to make, which ties in with the last post and the next is that we can actively manipulate the associations we make.  Freud was a determinist, as was Marx; I am not.  Anxiety, or world-weariness, is a result of <span style=\"font-style: italic\">bad connections<\/span> in our conceptual nexus.  Overcoming this is not merely a matter of working with the connections and concept that we have, but of <span style=\"font-style: italic\">realizing<\/span> that the world and ourselves are<span style=\"font-style: italic\"> nothing but<\/span> these connections.  It takes realizing that what we take as reality is just our concepts.<\/p>\n<p>This unlocks potential for growth, flexibility, and change directed from understanding.  The obstacle is grasping to concepts and their associations as fixed, TRUE, and unchanging.  But no, our concepts are contingent upon history, society, childhood stories, and all the rest.  We have to understand the source of our world-view to understand our power over it. <\/p>\n<p>I don\u2019t want to go any further with this now, except to reiterate that it ties in with the other two posts in this series.  Anxiety teaches us that our associations are mistaken (too often we repress this, strengthening the bad connections), taking a break removes us from the immediacy of those concepts (loosening our grasping), and actively working out our thoughts brings them before us and within our rational control.<\/p>\n<div class=\"blogger-post-footer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/tracker\/7907151-112922686448066783?l=americanbuddhist.blogspot.com\" alt=\"\"><\/div>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I\u2019ve been working on a theory lately. It\u2019s rough, but try to follow. Philosophers since Kant (1724-1804) have argued that the world we see is influenced by concepts. This means roughly that my world and the world of the Inuit are probably radically different. The world of Homeric poetry with its epic figures, active gods, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":118,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"I&#039;ve been working on a theory lately. It&#039;s rough, but try to follow.Philosophers since Kant (1724-1804) have argued that the world we see is influenced by\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I&#039;ve been working on a theory lately. It&#039;s rough, but try to follow.Philosophers since Kant (1724-1804) have argued that the world we see is influenced by\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"American Buddhist Perspectives\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2005-10-13T17:42:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/photos1.blogger.com\/blogger\/4804\/510\/400\/associations.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Justin Whitaker\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Justin Whitaker\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html\",\"name\":\"Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2005-10-13T17:42:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2005-10-13T17:42:00+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/abfb8f851f671638c4c7536b963f9da9\"},\"description\":\"I've been working on a theory lately. It's rough, but try to follow.Philosophers since Kant (1724-1804) have argued that the world we see is influenced by\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/\",\"name\":\"American Buddhist Perspectives\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/abfb8f851f671638c4c7536b963f9da9\",\"name\":\"Justin Whitaker\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/817b6fba8ae056aaff4f9bdc84347d72?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/817b6fba8ae056aaff4f9bdc84347d72?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg\",\"caption\":\"Justin Whitaker\"},\"description\":\"I am an almost-life-long Montanan; a baptized Catholic; an ardent Atheist; a practicing Buddhist; a lover of Wisdom. I have a BA and almost an MA in (Western) Philosophy from the University of Montana-Missoula, an MA in Buddhist Studies from Bristol University, UK, and I am currently working on a Ph.D. in Buddhist Ethics at the U of London. My main academic foci are early Buddhist ethics and Kant (odd combination, I know). I also study Western ethics, Tibetan Buddhism, Theravada, Comparative philosophy, and Environmental ethics. I also like photography, running, drinking wine, and eating peanut butter (often in that order).\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/author\/justinwhitaker\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association","description":"I've been working on a theory lately. It's rough, but try to follow.Philosophers since Kant (1724-1804) have argued that the world we see is influenced by","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association","og_description":"I've been working on a theory lately. It's rough, but try to follow.Philosophers since Kant (1724-1804) have argued that the world we see is influenced by","og_url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html","og_site_name":"American Buddhist Perspectives","article_published_time":"2005-10-13T17:42:00+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/photos1.blogger.com\/blogger\/4804\/510\/400\/associations.jpg"}],"author":"Justin Whitaker","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Justin Whitaker","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html","name":"Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#website"},"datePublished":"2005-10-13T17:42:00+00:00","dateModified":"2005-10-13T17:42:00+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/abfb8f851f671638c4c7536b963f9da9"},"description":"I've been working on a theory lately. It's rough, but try to follow.Philosophers since Kant (1724-1804) have argued that the world we see is influenced by","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/2005\/10\/philosophy-2-of-3-anxiety-and-association.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Philosophy: (2 of 3) anxiety and association"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/","name":"American Buddhist Perspectives","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/abfb8f851f671638c4c7536b963f9da9","name":"Justin Whitaker","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/817b6fba8ae056aaff4f9bdc84347d72?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/817b6fba8ae056aaff4f9bdc84347d72?s=96&d=identicon&r=pg","caption":"Justin Whitaker"},"description":"I am an almost-life-long Montanan; a baptized Catholic; an ardent Atheist; a practicing Buddhist; a lover of Wisdom. I have a BA and almost an MA in (Western) Philosophy from the University of Montana-Missoula, an MA in Buddhist Studies from Bristol University, UK, and I am currently working on a Ph.D. in Buddhist Ethics at the U of London. My main academic foci are early Buddhist ethics and Kant (odd combination, I know). I also study Western ethics, Tibetan Buddhism, Theravada, Comparative philosophy, and Environmental ethics. I also like photography, running, drinking wine, and eating peanut butter (often in that order).","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/"],"url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/author\/justinwhitaker"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/118"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=822"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/americanbuddhist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}