{"id":52965,"date":"2019-11-12T01:59:38","date_gmt":"2019-11-12T05:59:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/admin.patheos.com\/blogs\/anxiousbench\/?p=52965"},"modified":"2019-11-11T14:42:31","modified_gmt":"2019-11-11T18:42:31","slug":"sister-rosetta-pentecostalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/anxiousbench\/2019\/11\/sister-rosetta-pentecostalism\/","title":{"rendered":"Sister Rosetta: The Pentecostal Godmother of Rock &#8216;n&#8217; Roll"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><blockquote><p>Sister Rosetta<br>\nGodmother of rock and roll<br>\nThe original sister of soul<br>\nAll our music was in her<br>\nShe brought rhythm<br>\nFrom the darkness into the light<br>\nShe brought the good word to the night<br>\nTo save all our sinners<br>\n<em>(Frank Turner)<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of my favorite things about the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul is one of our local public radio stations: 89.3 The Current. Its mission of bringing \u201clisteners the best authentic new music alongside the music that inspired it\u201d seems tailor-made for music-loving historians like me. That formula was never more clear than during <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecurrent.org\/feature\/2019\/10\/21\/frank-turner-solo-acoustic-no-mans-land\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a recent in-studio performance<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by British indie folk-rocker Frank Turner, promoting his new concept album, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No Man\u2019s Land.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0What <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/frank-turner.com\/2019\/07\/14\/thoughts-on-no-mans-land\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he calls<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u201ca history record\u201d about women, its first single tells the story of Sister Rosetta Tharpe, whose gospel singing and electric guitar playing inspired everyone from Chuck Berry to Eric Clapton.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Frank Turner - Sister Rosetta (Live at The Current)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/h2Um7h_PKFQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe point of the song, for me,\u201d Turner has explained, \u201cis that the history of rock\u2019n\u2019roll is inaccurately portrayed as being dominated by white men. As one of that demographic who plays that kind of music, I felt like it was good for me to acknowledge the people who actually laid the blueprints I\u2019m following, rather than just always banging on about Elvis \u2013 as I\u2019ve done myself in the past.\u201d His recording continues a recent revival of interest in Sister Rosetta, sparked in part by Gayle Wald\u2019s 2007 biography <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Shout-Sister-Rock-Roll-Trailblazer\/dp\/0807009857\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shout, Sister, Shout!<\/span><\/i><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While rock music \u201chas long been associated with masculine prowess and male musicians,\u201d Wald points out that the genre\u2019s \u201cgospel roots betray its feminine heritage\u2014a heritage located largely in the <a href='https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/library\/pentecostal' target='_blank'>Pentecostal<\/a> Church.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Born in rural Arkansas, Rosetta Tharpe grew up in the Pentecostal Church of God in Christ. <em>(As distinct from the Church of God headquartered in Cleveland, Tennessee, one of whose congregations later taught a young Arkansan named Johnny Cash his love of gospel music. He later <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qPrKgzWxSeU\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">covered Sister Rosetta\u2019s songs<\/a>.)<\/em> Wald observes that Tharpe\u2019s sharecropper parents found in their church \u201cmore than an institution in which they could reaffirm, from week to week, a sense of black community and humanity. It also allowed them to express themselves in a way that connected them to the faith of their earliest enslaved ancestors, who gathered in \u2018hush arbors\u2019 to perform African-based spirituals like the ring shout.\u201d Both parents were singers, and her mother Katie played mandolin; Rosetta took up the guitar as a young child, and she soon toured with Katie, eventually becoming a fixture at a COGIC church in Chicago. The denomination\u2019s tradition of integrating multiple types of music and dance into worship \u201cprovided Rosetta\u2019s earliest musical template, the sound palette on which she would draw throughout her career. No matter how far she might stray from COGIC principles of holy living, or how far she might fall from the favor of the denomination\u2019s strictest and most unforgiving members, Rosetta\u2019s musical sensibility still bore the distinct mark of <a href='https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/library\/pentecostal' target='_blank'>Pentecostalism<\/a>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_52971\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52971\" style=\"width: 199px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Devils-Music-Christians-Inspired-Condemned\/dp\/0674980840\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-52971\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/168\/2019\/11\/The-Devils-Music-199x300.jpg\" alt=\"Stephens, The Devil's Music\" width=\"199\" height=\"300\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-52971\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">See also Hilde L\u00f8vdahl Stephens\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/anxiousbench\/2019\/07\/scandinavian-christian-music-industry-and-trans-atlantic-pentecostalism\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">guest post here<\/a> on Scandinavian Pentecostal musicians in the United States<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And if the Godmother of Rock and Roll was shaped by Pentecostalism, so was the genre itself, as historian Randall Stephens argues in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Devils-Music-Christians-Inspired-Condemned\/dp\/0674980840\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Devil\u2019s Music: How Christians Inspired, Condemned, and Embraced Rock \u2018n\u2019 Roll<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The leap from unbridled sanctified music to rock was not a great one. Unlike their condescending critics, pentecostals were not burdened with the trappings of tradition or the weight of convention\u2026 They sang new, up-tempo hymns and worshiped in ways that made other Protestants shudder with disgust\u2026<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some secular observers also felt disgust at the sound of music that so clearly sprang from the \u201cuninhibited, unconventional revivals\u201d of Pentecostalism, whose \u201cmusic tore down the walls of genres as well.\u201d Stephens notes that even Benny Goodman was too much for one critic, who complained that the bandleader\u2019s concert reminded him, first, of attending a camp meeting where the evangelist \u201cknew how to play on the heart strings,\u201d and second, of \u201cthe halls where Holy Rollers held their meetings in the camps of the colored people of the southland.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stephens starts his chapter on Pentecostalism and rock \u2018n\u2019 roll with Elvis, but does take note of Sister Rosetta, who \u201cachieved critical acclaim in the late 1930s for her skillful guitar-accompanied gospel.\u201d Reporters at the time weren\u2019t always sure how to describe a Pentecostal gospel singer playing electric guitar. Gayle Wald found examples of Tharpe being called a \u201chymn swinging evangelist,\u201d a \u201creligious shouter,\u201d and a \u201cHoly Roller Singer.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even as Tharpe \u201cresisted the moral severity of the Pentecostal Church\u201d (and left her preacher husband), Wald emphasizes how she continued to embrace \u201cits musical values of emotional expressiveness\u2026 She was a woman of many guises: she could play the sincere penitent, the deep spiritualist, the saintly believer, or she could play the humorous exhibitionist, the uninhibited flirt, the needy child.\u201d She could even satirize the church. The chorus of Turner\u2019s tribute song (\u201cRosetta rolled her eyes when she played \/ She knew that strange things happen every day\u201d) alludes to her popular 1945 spiritual, which contrasted the hypocritical sanctimony of those \u201cin the holy way\u201d with the \u201cstrange things\u201d done by Jesus, \u201cthe holy light \/ turning darkness into light.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sister Rosetta\u2019s career went into decline in the 1950s, but she continued to perform until a stroke in 1970. (She died three years later.) I\u2019ll close with this British TV clip from her 1964 tour of Europe, alongside blues singers like Muddy Waters. It\u2019s a powerful example of her ability to make sacred music meaningful in secular spaces.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Sister Rosetta Tharpe - This Train (is bound for Glory)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Z6L5grLqkA0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For more on Sister Rosetta Tharpe, check out <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/gb\/podcast\/sister-rosetta\/id1470096231?i=1000443504606\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">this first episode<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the podcast series Turner produced as a complement to his album. It features a visit to the Rock \u2018n\u2019 Roll Hall of Fame<\/span><\/i> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with curator Nwaka Onwusa (who reflects briefly on the COGIC heritage she shares with Tharpe) and his conversation with Australian singer-songwriter Emily Barker, who wrote her own song about Sister Rosetta after reading Wald\u2019s book. Or check out Mary Chapin Carpenter\u2019s own tribute, released three years ago:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title='Mary Chapin Carpenter   \"Oh Rosetta\"' width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BVHZNHVrkuY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chris recalls how a guitar-slinging Pentecostal gospel singer named Sister Rosetta Tharpe helped develop rock &#8216;n&#8217; roll.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2794,"featured_media":52983,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[608,2974,110,1550],"tags":[6105,6108,269,213,6102],"class_list":["post-52965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-african-amerian-religion","category-chris-gehrz","category-music","category-pentecostalism","tag-church-of-god-in-christ","tag-gospel-music","tag-pentecostals","tag-rock-music","tag-sister-rosetta-tharpe"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sister Rosetta: The Pentecostal Godmother of Rock &#039;n&#039; 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