{"id":62736,"date":"2020-09-01T02:08:34","date_gmt":"2020-09-01T06:08:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/anxiousbench\/?p=62736"},"modified":"2020-08-31T23:59:07","modified_gmt":"2020-09-01T03:59:07","slug":"mlk-mike-pence-hebrews-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/anxiousbench\/2020\/09\/mlk-mike-pence-hebrews-12\/","title":{"rendered":"MLK, Mike Pence, and the Great Cloud of Witnesses"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I\u2019m now one day into my experience of teaching on a college campus <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/anxiousbench\/2020\/08\/college-students-covid-semester\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the middle of a pandemic<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and I\u2019ve already sensed a pattern: the more things stay the same, the more they change.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As usual, the semester started with me helping to introduce <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Christianity and Western Culture <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(CWC), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bethel.edu\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Bethel University<\/a>\u2018s venerable team-taught, multi-disciplinary, first-year, general education course. But I\u2019m usually in a lecture hall, not a socially distanced multi-purpose space with a disco ball hanging overhead.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_62739\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-62739\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/168\/2020\/08\/IMG_5081.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62739\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/168\/2020\/08\/IMG_5081.jpg\" alt=\"CWC students in The Underground at Bethel University\" width=\"768\" height=\"576\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-62739\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Even with this space, we\u2019re only having about 40% of our students in the classroom for any particular lecture, with others watching recordings<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Awkward as I felt standing on that stage, muscle memory kicked in as I opened with a devotional reflection on what\u2019s long been our theme scripture in CWC:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, since we are surrounded by such a great cloud of witnesses, let us throw off everything that hinders and the sin that so easily entangles. And let us run with perseverance the race marked out for us, fixing our eyes on Jesus, the pioneer and perfecter of faith. (Heb 12:1-2, NIV)<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I\u2019ve talked about these words dozens of times now in this class. The author\u2019s allusion to \u201ca great cloud of witnesses\u201d is an ideal fit with a course that seeks to introduce young Christians to sisters and brothers in Christ from centuries past.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But in a course that\u2019s also meant to help students understand the connections between past and present, this time it felt like I needed to head in a slightly different direction and acknowledge that Hebrews 12 has been in the news, thanks to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/religion\/2020\/08\/27\/pence-bible-rnc-jesus-flag\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">this portion<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of Vice President Mike Pence\u2019s address last Wednesday at the Republican National Convention:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s run the race marked out for us. Let\u2019s fix our eyes on Old Glory and all she represents. Let\u2019s fix our eyes on this land of heroes and let their courage inspire. And let\u2019s fix our eyes on the author and perfecter of our faith and freedom and never forget that where the spirit of the Lord is there is freedom \u2014 and that means freedom always wins.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I\u2019ve previously taken issue with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/anxiousbench\/2017\/05\/mike-pence-romans-13\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pence\u2019s misuse of the New Testament<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, so I\u2019m not going to belabor what other Christians from across the theological spectrum have already pointed out: that it\u2019s nothing short of blasphemy to substitute symbols of American patriotism for Jesus Christ himself.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Glad Pence seems to know Scripture; grieved &amp; appalled he\u2019d believe substituting \u201cOld Glory\u201d for \u201cJesus\u201d wasn\u2019t blasphemous and equating the freedom Paul was referring to with civil liberties. <\/p>\n<p>Christians fix our eyes on Jesus, not the flag. <\/p>\n<p>Screenshot credit: @amylpeterson <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/hPt0lkLtcd\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">pic.twitter.com\/hPt0lkLtcd<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Greg Jao (@GregJao) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/GregJao\/status\/1298970560756682752?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">August 27, 2020<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But Pence\u2019s proof-texting seems even more reckless in light of the \u201ctherefore\u201d that introduces Hebrews 12. The author wants us to \u201cfix our eyes on Jesus\u201d in light of chapter 11\u2019s stories of women and men who<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">were still living by faith when they died. They did not receive the things promised; they only saw them and welcomed them from a distance, admitting that they were foreigners and strangers on earth. People who say such things show that they are looking for a country of their own. If they had been thinking of the country they had left, they would have had opportunity to return. Instead, they were longing for a better country\u2014a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared a city for them. (Heb 11:13-16)<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abraham, for example, had the faith to travel \u201cto a place he would later receive as his inheritance\u2026 even though he did not know where he was going\u201d (v 8). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/anxiousbench\/2020\/08\/dangerous-christian-nationalism-a-conversation-between-abram-van-engen-and-os-guinness\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Christian nationalists<\/a>\u00a0often interpret America \u2014\u00a0Pence\u2019s \u201cland of heroes\u201d \u2014\u00a0as a latter-day \u201cpromised land.\u201d But the author of Hebrews says that Abraham \u201cmade his home in the promised land <em>like a stranger in a foreign country<\/em>; he lived in tents, as did Isaac and Jacob, who were heirs with him of the same promise. For he was looking forward to the city with foundations, whose architect and builder is God\u201d (vv 9-10). Even when he came to the land he\u2019d been promised, Abraham \u201clived in tents.\u201d (In fact, Genesis\u2019 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Genesis+12&amp;version=NIV\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">account of the story<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has him leave Canaan almost immediately.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now, it\u2019s also possible to make too much of the \u201cliving in tents\u201d idea. If it\u2019s a mistake to deify any land or country, that needn\u2019t mean that we care nothing for the patch of Earth where we\u2019ve pitched our tents, shrugging at its injustices and inequalities in the confidence that our sojourn here is fleeting. If we long \u201cfor a better country\u2014a heavenly one,\u201d does that mean that we long only for the world to come, or can we long for our temporary home to become \u2014\u00a0however imperfectly \u2014 \u201ca better country\u201d?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our students will spend much of the semester realizing that there\u2019s no simple answer to that question \u2014 at least, none that our course\u2019s \u201cgreat cloud of witnesses\u201d can agree on. But as a challenge to get them thinking about the implications of that question, we start at our chronological finish. After reading from the Epistle to the Hebrews, we read from the greatest epistle written by Martin Luther King, Jr., his \u201cLetter from a Birmingham Jail.\u201d<\/span><i><\/i><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"xvRSFPBASJhUNpuku9z6rA\" class=\"gie-single decorated-link\" style=\"color: #a7a7a7; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal !important; border: none; display: inline-block;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/517258896\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Embed from Getty Images<\/a><script>window.gie=window.gie||function(c){(gie.q=gie.q||[]).push(c)};gie(function(){gie.widgets.load({id:'xvRSFPBASJhUNpuku9z6rA',sig:'oPQDtrSU6PPblEVKo0E1W0Q7pCh0tD43KmHD17wiyAA=',w:'594px',h:'395px',items:'517258896',caption: true ,tld:'com',is360: false })});<\/script><script src=\"\/\/embed-cdn.gettyimages.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Again, this is par for the course in CWC. I\u2019ve only known to us to open with MLK, whose argument that Christians are obligated to disobey unjust laws sets up an ancient debate that students will encounter on Friday, when they read from Athenian writers like Sophocles and Thucydides. And our excerpt from King\u2019s letter ends with a powerful image that suggests one potential answer to the course\u2019s overarching question, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How should Christians relate to the surrounding culture<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">?<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There was a time when the church was very powerful in the time when the early Christians rejoiced at being deemed worthy to suffer for what they believed.\u00a0 In those days the church was <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">not merely a thermometer<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that recorded the ideas and principles of popular opinion; it was <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a thermostat that transformed the mores of society\u2026<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I\u2019ve challenged students (and myself) with that paragraph dozens of times: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What made a persecuted church \u201cvery powerful\u201d? Has the church of today traded that kind of power for another? What would it mean for us, individually and collectively, to act as a \u201cthermostat\u201d rather than a \u201cthermometer\u201d in contemporary America?<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But this year, I found myself much more interested in pointing students to an earlier passage in the letter. Addressing himself to a group of moderate white clergymen who supported desegregation but thought his methods too radical, MLK compared himself and other protesters to another Athenian our students will read in the next few days:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just as Socrates felt that it was necessary to create a tension in the mind so that individuals could rise from the bondage of myths and half-truths to the unfettered realm of creative analysis and objective appraisal, so must we see the need for nonviolent gadflies to create the kind of tension in society that will help men rise from the dark depths of prejudice and racism to the majestic heights of understanding and brotherhood.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_62745\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-62745\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trial_of_Socrates#\/media\/File:David_-_The_Death_of_Socrates.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62745\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/168\/2020\/08\/David_-_The_Death_of_Socrates.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"504\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-62745\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jacques-Louis David, The Death of Socrates (1787) \u2013 Wikimedia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cFor if you kill me,\u201d Socrates tells his fellow citizens <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/classics.mit.edu\/Plato\/apology.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in Plato\u2019s <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apology<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">you will not easily find another like me, who, if I may use such a ludicrous figure of speech, am a sort of gadfly, given to the state by the God; and the state is like a great and noble steed who is tardy in his motions owing to his very size, and requires to be stirred into life. I am that gadfly which God has given the state and all day long and in all places am always fastening upon you, arousing and persuading and reproaching you.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The task of such a God-given \u201cgadfly,\u201d said King, was to use \u201cnonviolent direct action\u2026 to create such a crisis and foster such a tension that a community which has constantly refused to negotiate is forced to confront the issue.\u201d That\u2019s obviously relevant after months of mass protests over the same enduring issue that King sought to confront.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On a campus mere miles from the spot where George Floyd was killed, a classroom like ours might seem nothing like the site of a mass protest. But I told students that the task of a professor in a class like CWC can be as gadfly-like as King\u2019s: \u201cto create a tension in the mind,\u201d so that we can \u201crise from the bondage of myths and half-truths to the unfettered realm of creative analysis and objective appraisal.\u201d If the liberal arts are \u201cliberating arts,\u201d then we must first experience the tension that will lift us \u201cfrom the dark depths of prejudice and racism to the majestic heights of understanding and brotherhood.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And when I say \u201cwe,\u201d I need to start with \u201cme,\u201d and only then come to my students.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even before I said a word yesterday, I experienced the crisis I meant to create. I felt the tension I always feel when I teach \u201cLetter from Birmingham Jail\u201d and recognize myself more in its recipients than its author. My instinctive response to injustice is to be wary of extremism and eager for order. Left unchallenged, I will always find myself comfortably arrayed among the \u201cwhite churchmen [who] stand on the sideline and mouth pious irrelevancies and sanctimonious trivialities.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"wyoIcuvsQrlPXi4QD5se7A\" class=\"gie-single decorated-link\" style=\"color: #a7a7a7; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal !important; border: none; display: inline-block;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/1228259471\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Embed from Getty Images<\/a><script>window.gie=window.gie||function(c){(gie.q=gie.q||[]).push(c)};gie(function(){gie.widgets.load({id:'wyoIcuvsQrlPXi4QD5se7A',sig:'Bq9Bu-YKJUsBuGolgeWhPSJnz8wvKPqcdoA0INYl5qo=',w:'594px',h:'396px',items:'1228259471',caption: true ,tld:'com',is360: false })});<\/script><script src=\"\/\/embed-cdn.gettyimages.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But I know I\u2019m not alone. In 1963 or 2021, it\u2019s so very easy for \u201cthe contemporary church [to be] a weak, ineffectual voice with an uncertain sound\u2026 an arch defender of the status quo.\u201d Too often in the last four years, the contemporary church has offered \u201csilent and often even vocal sanction of things as they are\u201d under Mike Pence and his boss. The more things stay the same, the less they change.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So while Pence and I agree that we Christians need to look to the \u201cthe author and perfecter of our faith,\u201d I need to point my students to a Jesus who was, in MLK\u2019s words, \u201can extremist for love, truth and goodness, and thereby rose above his environment.\u201d When Pence exhorts Americans to stare at \u201cOld Glory and all she represents,\u201d I have to confront students with an American past that is truly a foreign country to anyone called to sojourn in this unjust land yet yearn for \u201ca better country\u2014a heavenly one.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this year when things have changed \u2014\u00a0but not enough \u2014 I pray that God will make such words something more than \u201cpious irrelevancies.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I\u2019m now one day into my experience of teaching on a college campus in the middle of a pandemic, and I\u2019ve already sensed a pattern: the more things stay the same, the more they change. As usual, the semester started with me helping to introduce Christianity and Western Culture (CWC), Bethel University\u2018s venerable team-taught, multi-disciplinary, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2794,"featured_media":60446,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2974,118,609,5493],"tags":[2770,3762,1079,1208,2308],"class_list":["post-62736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chris-gehrz","category-education","category-higher-education","category-martin-luther-king","tag-bethel-university","tag-cloud-of-witnesses","tag-epistle-to-the-hebrews","tag-liberal-arts","tag-mike-pence"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>MLK, Mike Pence, and the Great Cloud of Witnesses<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"I\u2019m 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