{"id":2414,"date":"2017-05-21T17:24:29","date_gmt":"2017-05-21T22:24:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admin.patheos.com\/blogs\/benjaminthescribe\/?p=2414"},"modified":"2018-10-14T13:33:38","modified_gmt":"2018-10-14T18:33:38","slug":"10-things-understanding-old-testament","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/benjaminthescribe\/2017\/05\/10-things-understanding-old-testament\/","title":{"rendered":"10 Things for Understanding the Old Testament"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p><figure id=\"attachment_809\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-809\" style=\"width: 184px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/408\/2014\/09\/1280px-Human_headed_winged_bull_profile-300x286.jpg\" height=\"176\" class=\"wp-image-809\" alt=\"The Might of Assyria\" width=\"184\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-809\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Might of Assyria<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><p>My semester has ended, and now I enter into a busy summer of reading, writing, travel, research, and some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/benjaminthescribe\/2017\/03\/a-bit-of-news\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">public speaking<\/a>. I do hope to be writing posts a little more often than I have in the last few months; at least, I have some posts on the back burner I\u2019ve worked on sporadically, to finish off and post.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re settling down for a serious study of the Old Testament, what ten topics do you need to know? I was part of a group discussing this recently, and this was my quick list. Long-time readers will probably recognize repeated themes from my blogging. (I\u2019ve added a little bit of explanation and\/or links)<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Translation matters<\/strong>Everyone\u2019s first and primary interaction with scripture is in a language not their own. The Bible, of course, is translated from Greek, Hebrew and Aramaic, but even\u00a0D&amp;C is not the American English of 2017. This means that for most people, their sole understanding of what scripture says is contingent on what the translation implies. Well, what if it\u2019s not a great translation?<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>See <a href=\"https:\/\/rsc.byu.edu\/archived\/re-15-no-1-2014\/why-bible-translations-differ-guide-perplexed\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>\u00a0and here for my <a href=\"http:\/\/www.timesandseasons.org\/harchive\/2013\/12\/old-testament-gospel-doctrine-reading-and-resources\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">translation recommendations for the Old Testament<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Genre is a thing<\/strong>We recognize the existence of genre or kinds\u00a0in movies, books, music, food, pretty much everything\u2026 but then throw all that out because of Enlightenment inheritance and default to the assumption that scripture is history, with rare and obvious exceptions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Genre matters too<\/strong>But it\u2019s not all written as history (let alone \u201chistory written from a modern conception of history\u201d) and misreading the genre creates problems.<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>See <a href=\"http:\/\/www.timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/2015\/03\/nt-wright-on-genre-and-reading\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/benjaminthescribe\/2014\/02\/gospel-doctrine-lesson-6-moses-819-30-genesis-65-22-71-10\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.timesandseasons.org\/harchive\/2012\/01\/institute-report-genesis-week-2\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/2015\/05\/on-conflation-or-throwing-the-baby-out-with-the-bathwater-in-1911\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/2015\/06\/c-s-lewis-on-inspired-adaptation-and-myth\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">here<\/a>\u2026 Genre appears in a ton of my posts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Revelation is responsive to questions and circumstances, but Israelites often had different circumstances and questions than most moderns.<\/strong>For example, the Israelites had serious questions about the problem of one God versus many gods. Who was really in charge? What if you only prayed to the God of Israel, but it turned out there was another god too, and as a result, your crops or wife got sick? What happens when your civilization gets destroyed, and you\u2019re hauled off to another country with a different religion?<\/li>\n<li><strong>There are different kinds of interpretation.<\/strong>It goes WAY beyond \u201cfigurative\u201d and \u201cliteral,\u201d which is really problematic as a binary. \u00a0The most important binary, I think, is something like \u201ccontextual interpretation\u201d (i.e. what the author meant to say, in historical, cultural context) and \u201cnon-contextual interpretation\u201d (i.e. what the passage might say without context, under the influence of the Spirit, to a later prophet, to me personally etc.) These are both legitimate and can coexist,\u00a0<em>provided we don\u2019t confuse the latter with\u00a0the former<\/em>. Oftentimes, we either hear in Church or propound ourselves a personal non-contextual interpretation as if it were \u201cwhat Isaiah (or Matthew or Deuteronomy) really meant.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Old Testament rarely hits you over the head with the point; There\u2019s no Mormon-like \u201cand thus we see.\u201d You have to pay attention and read between the lines.<\/strong>Once again, translation matters. A lot of hints and connections in\u00a0the text are obscured through translation. This is why the best, most comprehensive understandings of the Old Testament are provided by people who know it deeply and thoroughly, who can pick out the connections, and read between the lines. Along those lines, I recommend <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2rrCkdK\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Robert Alter\u2019s translations<\/a>\u00a0 and the<em> <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2r73o21\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Jewish Study Bible<\/a><\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>If line-upon-line is a thing, then we shouldn\u2019t expect the Old Testament to reflect doctrinal understanding or policies of today.<\/strong>If God will reveal more in the future than he has now, it stands to reason that he has revealed more now than he did back then. So why do we insist on reading the Old Testament as if they had the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fairmormon.org\/conference\/august-2000\/up-in-smoke-a-response-to-the-tanners-criticism-of-the-word-of-wisdom\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">post-1930 Word of Wisdom<\/a>, or knowledge of three degrees of glory, as if they were basically modern <a href='https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/library\/mormonism' target='_blank'>Mormons<\/a> living a long time ago? Sometimes, reading in our modern Mormon understanding gets in the way of what it is really trying to say.<\/li>\n<li><strong>No really, translation matters.<\/strong>It does, I promise. Nothing will increase your understanding of and appreciation for the Bible than <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/benjaminthescribe\/2017\/02\/use-greek-hebrew-without-looking-like-total-idiot-new-improved\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">learning Greek and Hebrew<\/a>, or (more realistically)<a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/benjaminthescribe\/2014\/10\/recommended-nt-resources-part-1-translations-text-and-the-bible-in-general\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">\u00a0getting a modern translation<\/a>\u00a0of the Bible. And the Church is fine with that! Really!<\/li>\n<li><strong>Most of what prophets know and how they think comes from the culture and worldview they grew up with. They are not <em>tabula rasa<\/em> for God to program.<\/strong>Somewhere, the future President of the Church is in a Deacon\u2019s Quorum. He plays video games. He reads books and watches movies. He has a few hobbies. He\u2019s under the influence of his parents, friends, and teachers. He belongs to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.timesandseasons.org\/harchive\/2013\/06\/the-philosophies-of-men-mingled-with-monopoly\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">a culture, and that inevitably affects him<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Culture matters<\/strong>In this last point, I was thinking about cultural context of scripture: customs, idioms, etc. What they knew living at the time, that we don\u2019t, because no one bothered to write it down. Lots of great books on these, like <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2qa5Yj1\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">this one<\/a> (Old Testament oriented) this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Stone-Dung-Oil-Spit-Jewish\/dp\/0802865585\/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495405139&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=dung+spit\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">one<\/a>\u00a0(New Testament oriented), \u00a0or this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Zondervan-Illustrated-Bible-Backgrounds-Commentary\/dp\/0310255724\/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495405188&amp;sr=8-3&amp;keywords=zondervan+illustrated+bible+backgrounds+commentary\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">series<\/a>,<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>As always, you can help me pay <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gofundme.com\/benspackman\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">my tuition here<\/a>, or\u00a0you can support my work through making your regular Amazon purchases through this <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/?_encoding=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;linkCode=ur2&amp;tag=benjthescri-20&amp;linkId=BVB5BAEVIIK252AW\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"> Amazon link.<\/a> You can also get updates by email whenever a post goes up (subscription box on the right). If you friend me on Facebook, please drop me a note telling me you\u2019re a reader. I tend not to accept friend requests from people I\u2019m not acquainted with.<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>My semester has ended, and now I enter into a busy summer of reading, writing, travel, research, and some public speaking. I do hope to be writing posts a little more often than I have in the last few months; at least, I have some posts on the back burner I\u2019ve worked on sporadically, to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1720,"featured_media":809,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-old-testament","category-scripture-study"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>10 Things for Understanding the Old Testament<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"My semester has ended, and now I enter into a busy summer of reading, writing, travel, research, and some public speaking. 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