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Washington D.C., Feb 24, 2016 \/ 03:12 am (CNA<\/a>).- For Fr. Stephen Thorne, Black History Month is not only a chance to remember the struggles faced by the African-American community throughout the centuries.<\/p>\n It\u2019s also an opportunity to learn from the witness of one of the oldest communities of Catholics in the U.S.<\/p>\n This witness of Black Catholics, in the face of discrimination and animus, is a gift all Catholics can learn from, said Fr. Thorne, an African-American priest in the Philadelphia archdiocese.<\/p>\n \u201cThe resilience of African-American Catholics today is a sign of (their) great faith,\u201d he told CNA.<\/p>\n Fr. Thorne is an administrator for the National Black Catholic Congress, which dates back to the late 19th century. The organization aims to promote the evangelization of African-American communities and improve their spiritual and physical conditions.<\/p>\n The history of Black Catholics in America reaches back centuries.<\/p>\n \u201cAfrican Americans have been Catholics since the earliest days of the colonies. We\u2019ve been a part of the Church since the beginning. We\u2019re not newcomers to the Catholic Church,\u201d Fr. Thorne stressed.<\/p>\n In the 16th and 17th century, Spanish laws freed slaves who converted to Catholicism. Some of these freed slaves and their descendants formed their own settlement in the region that would become Florida.<\/p>\n Meanwhile, in Maryland in the decades before the American Revolution, Jesuit missionaries evangelized black slaves and freed men. Over the centuries, large African-American Catholic populations settled in cities including Baltimore, Philadelphia, Chicago and numerous cities throughout the South.<\/p>\n However, the Catholic Church did not escape the country\u2019s history of racism and segregation \u2013 a history that made many Black Catholics feel unwelcome.<\/p>\n \u201cA lot of things came about, like in our (broader) American culture, because African Americans were not welcome,\u201d Fr. Thorne said. In many places, Jim Crow laws and discriminatory practices applied to some parts of the Church, particularly in the South.<\/p>\n Parishes were segregated with separate Mass times or even separate physical parishes for white and black parishioners. Even in parishes where black attendees were welcome, they would sometimes have to sit at the back of the church and receive Communion after the rest of the congregation.<\/p>\n The Knights of Columbus was one major group that pushed for racial equality long before it was socially acceptable.<\/p>\n The Catholic fraternal benefit society was founded in New Haven, Connecticut in 1882, during a time when Catholics faced suspicion and hostility.<\/p>\n When the Ku Klux Klan rose to prominence in the 1920s, its members targeted Catholics along with blacks and Jews. The Klan burned crosses to protest the presidential run of Catholic \u2013 and Knight of Columbus \u2013 Al Smith.<\/p>\n The Knights took strong action for racial integration under John W. McDevitt, its Supreme Knight from 1964-1977. When he learned that the New Orleans hotel hosting the Knights\u2019 1964 Supreme Convention did not allow African Americans, he threatened to move the convention to another venue. The hotel changed its policy.<\/p>\n McDevitt also played a role in ensuring that local councils were not racially exclusive. Some southern chapters of the organization failed to comply with national directives, and in some areas, racism kept black men out of the society.<\/p>\n \u201cWhen it became apparent that some councils were not following the national policy on integration, John McDevitt really forced the issue and made it very clear that this was not going to be tolerated,\u201d Andrew Walther, Vice President for Communications and Media at the Knights of Columbus, told CNA in a 2013 interview.<\/p>\n Meanwhile, Catholic groups specifically serving the African-American population had also formed. The National Black Catholic Congress first gathered in 1889. The Knights of Peter Claver, a Catholic fraternal society for men of color, was formed in 1909 when racism in some parts of the South prevented them from joining the Knights of Columbus.<\/p>\n The society is named after Saint Peter Claver, the patron saint of African Americans. A 17th-Century Jesuit missionary, he ministered to African slaves in Spanish colonies.<\/p>\n The Knights of Peter Claver worked to support various parish, diocesan and community objectives, including ministry and aid to those in need. They worked alongside the National Urban League and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in their aims for the advancement of civil rights, Blackmon said. They also opened auxiliary and junior divisions for women and for youth, and remained open to people of all ethnicities.<\/p>\n \u201cEven while American priests were sent as missionaries to Africa, blacks in the United States were treated as second class citizens all those many decades ago,\u201d recalled Fredron DeKarlos Blackmon, Supreme Knight and CEO of the Knights of Peter Claver.<\/p>\n \u201cThe history of the Knights and our presence in the Church today is an example of how we are many parts, but we are all one Body in Christ,\u201d Blackmon told CNA.<\/p>\n Fr. Thorne said it is important for Catholics to grapple with the history of discrimination within the American Church. With these mistakes, he said, \u201cthe only way we\u2019re going to never repeat them is to know them.\u201d<\/p>\n In the meantime, although much has changed, \u201ca lot still needs to change,\u201d Fr. Thorne urged.<\/p>\n \u201cEven if we don\u2019t have overt racism, there\u2019s still a lot of people who feel disconnected from the Church,\u201d he said, pointing to what he sees as \u201csystemic\u201d problems that remain, such as a lack of African-American principals and other models of leadership in Catholic schools and other Catholic institutions.<\/p>\n Fr. Thorne also suggested a general need for \u201ca greater sense of welcome\u201d in the Church that respects both cultural differences and the liturgy.<\/p>\n \u201cThe Church is One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic. It\u2019s what we profess on Sundays. Now we have to live it,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n He cited Pope St. John Paul II\u2019s 1987 remarks to black Catholics in New Orleans. The Pope said that the Church must be a home for all persons regardless of culture or race.<\/p>\n Fr. Thorne said this is a goal that he aims to create in his own parish. The key to such hospitality is \u201cgetting to know people.\u201d This approach is common in many African-American parishes. It\u2019s a \u201cgift that African Americans bring to the Church,\u201d the priest said.<\/p>\n Black bishops of the United States, in their 1984 letter \u201cWhat We Have Seen and Heard,\u201d highlighted other gifts African-American communities offer. These include forgiveness, contemplation, community, and holistic spirituality.<\/p>\n \u201cThose are things I think very much the Church is hungering for today,\u201d Fr. Thorne said.<\/p>\n He praised the witness of faithful African-American Catholics as a gift to the Church.<\/p>\n The Church in the United States, he said, has a \u201cwonderful, great history of people who overcame such great oppression and sin, in terms of how they were treated, but knew the Lord and continued to serve the Lord.\u201d These witnesses overcame \u201csuch tremendous odds because they knew God loved them.\u201d<\/p>\n These were Catholics like Servant of God Fr. Augustus Tolton, who was born a slave. He became the first publicly-known black priest when he was ordained in 1886.<\/p>\n Fr. Thorne called his story a \u201cgreat testimony,\u201d noting that the priest had faced challenges even to attend seminary. Instead of becoming bitter or stumbling over the obstacles in his way, he \u201cheard that call that was even stronger than the reality of racism.\u201d<\/p>\n Other examples of African-American Catholics with open causes for sainthood include Venerable Pierre Toussaint, Mother Henriette Delille and Mother Mary Lange.<\/p>\n Their witnesses are among the myriad gifts that the African-American community provides the Church, Fr. Thorne continued.<\/p>\n \u201cIf all of us can increase our knowledge of African-American Catholics, not just in the twenty-nine days of February, but throughout the year, how much better would we be as Catholics and as people?\u201d he asked.<\/p>\n The National Black Catholic Congress provides more information on the history of black Catholics and other resources at its website http:\/\/nbccongress.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n \nPhoto credit: John Gomez via www.shutterstock.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n