September 30th, 2019 marked the 100th anniversary of the Elaine Massacre, often characterized as the most deadly racial confrontation in Arkansas history, and perhaps the bloodiest post-Civil War racial (and labor) conflict in the United States. The massacre certainly was racially motivated. African-American sharecroppers had gathered at a church in Hoop Spur, three miles north … Continue reading Labor Day And The Elaine Massacre Of 1919