{"id":112118,"date":"2025-07-28T12:46:10","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T18:46:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/?p=112118"},"modified":"2025-07-28T14:08:43","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T20:08:43","slug":"what-are-the-mechanics-of-consciousness-and-subjectivity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2025\/07\/what-are-the-mechanics-of-consciousness-and-subjectivity.html","title":{"rendered":"What are the mechanics of consciousness and subjectivity?"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_110543\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-110543\" style=\"width: 597px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2025\/05\/29.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-110543\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2025\/05\/29.jpg\" alt=\"Yes, it'll be held in a BARN.\" width=\"597\" height=\"597\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-110543\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yes, this year\u2019s iteration of the annual FAIR conference has been relegated to a barn.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>My latest column for <em>Meridian Magazine<\/em> has appeared: <a href=\"https:\/\/latterdaysaintmag.com\/what-is-fair-inside-the-2025-conference-on-latter-day-saint-apologetics\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cWhat Is FAIR? Inside the 2025 Conference on Latter-day Saint Apologetics\u201d<\/a>\u00a0 I hope that you can make it for all or part of the meetings, whether virtually or in person. \u00a0Invite friends! \u00a0Bring relatives! \u00a0A fun time will be had by all. \u00a0(Up until the final speaker, anyway.)<\/p>\n<p>I posted <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2025\/07\/im-going-to-die-so-are-you.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">a passing comment here a few days ago<\/a> in which, as I\u2019ve done before, I wrote of the benefit of planting, or sponsoring the planting, of trees and other plants for preventing fires and combating global warming. \u00a0I return to the theme again, briefly, with this link to an interesting article in <em>The Atlantic<\/em>: \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/ideas\/archive\/2025\/07\/shade-climate-change\/683578\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cLike AC for the Outdoors: To survive a heating planet, humans need shade\u2014lots of it.\u201d<\/a>\u00a0 The article is adapted from a new book, entitled\u00a0<em><a class=\"ArticleBooksModule_link__AEYwN decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/12476\/9780593242766\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-event-element=\"book title\">Shade: The Promise Of A Forgotten Natural Resource<\/a><\/em>, that was written by Sam Bloch.<\/p>\n<p>Obviously, important decision makers are reading this blog and heeding what I say. \u00a0A few days ago, I posted a comment here that I titled <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2025\/07\/how-the-left-ended-up-disbelieving-the-science.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">\u201cHow The Left Ended Up Disbelieving The Science.\u201d<\/a> \u00a0You can easily see the impact that it\u2019s already having from this article, published in\u00a0<em>National Review<\/em>: \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalreview.com\/news\/kaiser-permanente-to-pause-transgender-surgeries-for-teenagers-nationwide\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cKaiser Permanente to Pause Transgender Surgeries for Teenagers Nationwide.\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20679\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20679\" style=\"width: 597px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2015\/05\/640px-Lucas_Cranach_d.J._-_Christus_segnet_die_Kinder_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-20679\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2015\/05\/640px-Lucas_Cranach_d.J._-_Christus_segnet_die_Kinder_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg\" alt=\"Lucas Cranach der J\u00fcngere\" width=\"597\" height=\"442\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20679\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucas Cranach the Younger, \u201cChristus segnet die Kinder\u201d (\u201cChrist blesses the Children\u201d)<br>Wikimedia Commons public domain image<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>These stories are all at least somewhat related to each other:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I always read Valerie Hudson\u2019s columns in the <em>Deseret News<\/em>. \u00a0Her perspective is invariably worthwhile, as it is once again here: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deseret.com\/opinion\/2025\/07\/24\/elon-musk-pronatalism-misogyny-surrogacy-not-solution-for-falling-birth-rates\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cPerspective: Birthrates are falling but Elon Musk does not have the solution:\u00a0Musk is among people talking about why the world needs more babies. But not every form of pronatalism is worthy of celebration\u201d<\/a>\u00a0 And, by the way, what kind of a father names his son <em>X \u00c6 A-Xii<\/em>? \u00a0What impact is such a name likely to have on the kid\u2019s life over time?<\/li>\n<li>The always interesting Jacob Hess, writing in the <em>Deseret News<\/em>: \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.deseret.com\/opinion\/2025\/07\/26\/cratering-birth-rates\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cAnalysis: The U.S. birthrate has dropped to its lowest level ever: Why should we care? With the exception of a handful of countries in Africa, most countries in the world are not having enough children to replace the adults raising them\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Princeton University\u2019s irreplaceable Robert P. George, in <em>National Review:<\/em> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalreview.com\/2025\/07\/tracing-the-sexual-revolutions\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cTracing the Sexual Revolutions:\u00a0<i>Sex and the Citizen: How the Assault on Marriage Is Destroying Democracy<\/i>, by Conn Carroll (Bombardier Books, $19.99)\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30530\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30530\" style=\"width: 577px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/02\/Washington_Monument_through_trees.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-30530\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/02\/Washington_Monument_through_trees.jpg\" alt=\"Mr. Washington's obelisk\" width=\"577\" height=\"769\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30530\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Washington Monument (Wikimedia Commons public domain image)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>I\u2019m about to head to the airport and board a plane, so \u2018ll now share some adjacent passages that I marked a while back while reading <em>Believe: Why Everyone Should Be Religious<\/em>, a book written by the <em>New York Times <\/em>columnist Ross Douthat:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div class=\"noteText\">For all the advances in brain mapping, the mind itself is still irreducible, an enigma, a mysterious substance unto itself. Science can tell you how certain atoms in combination create water or carbon dioxide, or how mass and speed and distance combine to predict movements and trajectories, but it\u2019s powerless to tell you how the physical elements of book and brain give rise to the personal experience of reading. The ink on the paper, arranged in certain geometries, conveyed by light to the retina of your reading eye, transformed into electrical signals, carried along the optic nerve to the brain, yielding a specific burst of activity in some particular set of neurons\u2014how does any of that produce the feelings we call confusion, recognition, disagreement? If reading an argument makes you angry, if reading a novel makes you sad, if reading a poem stirs a sudden childhood memory, there is no material account of how that happens, how the outward act generates the inner experience. (47)<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_63493\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-63493\" style=\"width: 597px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2018\/08\/20180731_185456_15331226908891.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-63493\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2018\/08\/20180731_185456_15331226908891.jpg\" alt=\"Jordan photo of DC Temple\" width=\"597\" height=\"336\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-63493\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Washington DC Temple as a group of us saw it some time back from the Beltway. (Photo by James Jordan)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div class=\"noteText\">Leibniz saw Hoel\u2019s point coming three centuries in advance. \u201cSupposing there were a machine,\u201d he wrote, \u201cso constructed as to think, feel, and have perception, it might be conceived as increased in size, while keeping the same proportions, so that one might go into it as into a mill. That being so, we should, on examining its interior, find only parts which work one upon another, and never anything by which to explain a perception.\u201d (48)<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_39901\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-39901\" style=\"width: 357px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2017\/02\/mormon-temple-washington-dc-1076895-gallery.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-39901\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2017\/02\/mormon-temple-washington-dc-1076895-gallery.jpg\" alt=\"A daytime view of the DC Temple and a fountain\" width=\"357\" height=\"447\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-39901\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Washington DC Temple (LDS Media Library)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div class=\"noteText\">A confident popularizer of science like Steven Pinker can write an engaging book with the title <em>How the Mind Works<\/em>, rattling through all manner of interesting theories before conceding, at the close, that among the problems left unexplained by his efforts are \u201cconsciousness . . . the self . . . the unified center of sentience . . . free will . . . knowledge . . . meaning . . . morality.\u201d \u00a0One could chuckle at this list\u2014just a few small things to figure out! (50)<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"noteHeading\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_34833\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34833\" style=\"width: 594px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/07\/Lincoln_Memorial_overhead.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-34833\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/07\/Lincoln_Memorial_overhead.jpg\" alt=\"DC's Lincoln Memorial from the air\" width=\"594\" height=\"387\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34833\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view of the Lincoln Memorial (Wikimedia Commons public domain image)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div class=\"noteText\">There seems to be no conceivable causal model, of the sort credible to modern scientific method, that could seamlessly, intelligibly explain to us how the electrochemistry of the brain, which is mechanically uniform and physically causal, could generate the unique, varied, and incommunicable experience of a particular person\u2019s inner phenomenal world. The first-person perspective is not dissoluble into a third-person narrative of reality; consciousness cannot be satisfactorily reduced to physics without subtracting something. The redness of the red, red rose in my garden, as I consciously experience it while gazing at the rose in a poetic reverie, has objective existence not in the molecules or biochemical events that compose those petals, that stem, or those thorns, or that compose my synapses, my sensory apparatus, or the electrochemical reactions going on in my brain. The phenomenal experience is in my mind but has no physical presence in my brain or in the world around me; no visible \u201cred plasm\u201d detaches itself from the petals of the rose and nimbly slips in through my optic nerves and then across the axons of my brain, retaining its visible redness all along the way. . . . Yes, the rose is \u201cred\u201d because it has certain properties that reflect light in a way that is chromatically legible, so to speak, when translated through the human eyes and optic nerves and brain. But the real mystery lies on the other side of that process, entirely in the subjectivity that is the site of those impressions, and hence in their irreducibly subjective character. (51-52)<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_112121\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-112121\" style=\"width: 596px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2025\/07\/Jefferson_Memorial.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-112121\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2025\/07\/Jefferson_Memorial.jpg\" alt=\"The Memorial to Thomas Jefferson\" width=\"596\" height=\"456\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-112121\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Jefferson Memorial (Wikimedia Commons public domain image)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div class=\"noteText\">Suppose that you had never seen or smelled a flower, but you possessed a perfect physical-chemical-neurological map, from start to finish, of how the scent or reflected light of the rose reached Hart\u2019s brain, how molecules and particles were translated into neural interactions. Could you ascend, from that step-by-step understanding, to anything remotely like the experience of rose-ness in Hart\u2019s consciousness? To say nothing of the experience of \u201cpoetic reverie\u201d that follows? Or the philosophical flights or novelistic creativity that the reverie inspires in turn. \u00a0(52)<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34812\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34812\" style=\"width: 597px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/07\/720px-Lincoln_Memorial_Lincoln_contrasty.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-34812\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/07\/720px-Lincoln_Memorial_Lincoln_contrasty.jpg\" alt=\"Statue of Lincoln in DC\" width=\"597\" height=\"497\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34812\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Inside the Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC \u00a0(Wikimedia Commons public domain image)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div class=\"noteText\">Again, you could potentially identify some of the physical states associated with these experiences\u2014identifying heightened activity in this part of the brain when Hart spies the rose, diminished activity over there when he lapses into a meditative spell, a sudden spark over there when his consciousness begins to generate a new fantastic story (or a denunciation of his theological opponents). All of that, our science can do already to some degree, and will be able to do with increasing proficiency\u2014perhaps even with an assist from artificial intelligence along the way. The problem, the hard problem, is that there is no measurable material correspondence between these physical states and our experiences and thoughts, no sense in which knowing more and more about the molecules or electric impulses tells you more, or really anything at all, about what it\u2019s like to be David Bentley Hart. (53)<\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Posted from Arlington, Virginia<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div class=\"noteText\"><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 My latest column for Meridian Magazine has appeared: \u201cWhat Is FAIR? Inside the 2025 Conference on Latter-day Saint Apologetics\u201d\u00a0 I hope that you can make it for all or part of the meetings, whether virtually or in person. \u00a0Invite friends! \u00a0Bring relatives! \u00a0A fun time will be had by all. \u00a0(Up until the final [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1019,"featured_media":39573,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[7746,216,683,2340,2337,228],"class_list":["post-112118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-brain","tag-consciousness","tag-mind","tag-soul","tag-spirit","tag-subjectivity"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What are the mechanics of consciousness and subjectivity?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"&nbsp; My latest column for Meridian Magazine has appeared: &quot;What Is FAIR? 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