{"id":112961,"date":"2025-09-23T22:14:12","date_gmt":"2025-09-24T04:14:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/?p=112961"},"modified":"2025-09-23T22:14:12","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T04:14:12","slug":"you-really-ought-to-give-iowa-a-try-from-the-music-man","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2025\/09\/you-really-ought-to-give-iowa-a-try-from-the-music-man.html","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;You really ought to give Iowa a try&#8221; (from &#8220;The Music Man&#8221;)"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_112964\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-112964\" style=\"width: 596px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2025\/09\/Mississippi_River_Lock_and_Dam_Number_19_near_Keokuk_Iowa.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-112964\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2025\/09\/Mississippi_River_Lock_and_Dam_Number_19_near_Keokuk_Iowa.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"596\" height=\"380\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-112964\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mississippi River Lock and Dam number 19 with Keokuk Rail Bridge and Keokuk-Hamilton Bridge downstream, in a 1997 Wikimedia Commons public admin photograph<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>At one point, the city of Nauvoo, Illinois, was well on its way to someday having its own international airport. \u00a0But the events of late June 1844 and those of the two years that followed blocked that pathway, and Nauvoo is now a small and very remote town, and quite hard to reach. \u00a0I flew into St. Louis, where it was raining fairly heavily, and then drove three solo hours through Hannibal, Missouri, up to exotic Keokuk, Iowa, \u201cthe town that time forgot.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Our core film crew arrived here yesterday, along with <a href=\"https:\/\/talentmg.com\/talent\/john-donovan-wilson\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">John Donovan Wilson<\/a> (\u201cBrigham Young\u201d in <em>Six Days in August<\/em>) and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mccartytalentagency.com\/portfolio\/talent-models-female\/women\/1128608\/camrey-bagley-fox\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Camrey Bagley Fox<\/a> (our \u201cEmma Smith\u201d in both <em>Witnesses<\/em> and <em>Six Days<\/em>). \u00a0They filmed today in both Nauvoo and Quincy. \u00a0I needed to stay in Utah for an important meeting. \u00a0But I\u2019m here now. \u00a0Filming begins for me <em>ma\u00f1ana<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>My wife isn\u2019t here. \u00a0She intended to be, but there was a change in calendar. \u00a0So she headed down to Moab today, with friends, on a long-scheduled trip. \u00a0To the <em>real<\/em> Moab, by the way. \u00a0The one in southern Utah \u2014 not the wannabe pretender in the southern portion of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.<\/p>\n<p>And \u2014 get this! \u2014 her friends don\u2019t have to be <em>paid<\/em> to be there. \u00a0In stark contrast, those who are with me here are here for a <em>job<\/em>. \u00a0They\u2019re <em>working<\/em> here. \u00a0And that probably tells you all that you need to know about my repellent personality and my legendarily repulsive lack of character.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, I have a confession to make: \u00a0I ate <em>again<\/em> last night. \u00a0My wife and I met a fair number of our neighbors at a Greek fast food place, and I ate. \u00a0(Clearly, I\u2019ve fallen in with a bad crowd. \u00a0They shamelessly encourage me in my addiction to daily eating.) \u00a0Afterwards, we all attended a performance of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flowers_for_Mrs_Harris_(musical)\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><em>Flowers for Mrs. Harris<\/em><\/a> nearby at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theruth.org\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">The Ruth and Nathan Hale Theater<\/a> (aka \u201cThe Ruth,\u201d at doTERRA) in Pleasant Grove, where the play is having its North American premiere. \u00a0I confess to having not liked the first half overly much, but the second half of the play redeemed it (in, admittedly,\u00a0a very sentimental and moralizing way).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_37558\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-37558\" style=\"width: 556px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/10\/chicago-illinois-lds-temple-82591-gallery.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-37558\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/10\/chicago-illinois-lds-temple-82591-gallery.jpg\" alt=\"The first (modern) temple in Illinois\" width=\"556\" height=\"447\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-37558\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Chicago Illinois Temple (LDS.org) is the oldest still-functioning temple in the state.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Yesterday, having had a very long day in which I could not write, I reposted an old item about whether there can be any valid evidence against the claims of the Restoration. \u00a0I had another long day today, during which I was unable to write. \u00a0So I\u2019m reposting the blog entry with which I followed up that original post. \u00a0I\u2019ve made a few minor mechanical changes to it and insert a brief bracketed notes:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A short while ago, I posted a blog entry titled <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2017\/09\/can-valid-criticisms-church.html#comment-3502538716\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">\u201cCan there be any valid criticisms of the Church?\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s generated quite a storm of indignant criticism in certain quarters over the past hour or two, none of which seems to me to have much merit, since it\u2019s based on a fundamental misunderstanding of my point.<\/p>\n<p>Why? \u00a0Because my point was and is a simple, modest, and, properly understood, uncontroversial one.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps, of course, I\u2019m just incompetent, a poor communicator. \u00a0(More than a few of my many anti-fans will readily grant that, and even enthusiastically <em>insist<\/em> on it.) \u00a0Or perhaps some, out of adversarial hostility or over-hastiness or pre-existing judgments or because of some other factor or factors, misread what I wrote. \u00a0Or some combination of the two.\u00a0 (I used the term <em>ex hypothesi<\/em> in my previous post, for instance, and I think that many of the critics of the post either failed to notice it or, perhaps, didn\u2019t know what it means.)<\/p>\n<p>Whatever. \u00a0It hardly matters.<\/p>\n<p>Let me try again, this time syllogistically:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Premise 1: \u00a0True propositions cannot be\u00a0genuinely falsified.<\/li>\n<li>Premise 2: \u00a0X is\u00a0a true proposition.<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: \u00a0Therefore, X is not genuinely falsifiable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This seems manifestly, obviously, sound to me. \u00a0You can easily apply it\u00a0to a multitude of different situations. \u00a0For example,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Premise 1: \u00a0True propositions\u00a0cannot be\u00a0genuinely falsified.<\/li>\n<li>Premise 2: \u00a0<em>Modus ponens<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0(\u201cIf <em>p<\/em>, then <em>q<\/em>. \u00a0p. \u00a0Therefore <em>q<\/em>.\u201d) \u00a0is\u00a0a true proposition.<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: \u00a0Therefore, <em>modus ponens<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0is not genuinely falsifiable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Or<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Premise 1: \u00a0True propositions\u00a0cannot be\u00a0genuinely falsified.<\/li>\n<li>Premise 2: \u00a0<em>Socrates was a man<\/em>\u00a0 is\u00a0a true proposition.<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: \u00a0Therefore, that <em>Socrates was a man<\/em>\u00a0is not genuinely falsifiable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>But, of course, Premise 2 in the syllogism might actually be false. \u00a0Perhaps Socrates was an alien, a shape-shifting reptilian intruder from the planet Zarkon. \u00a0And, if Premise 2 is false, the Conclusion will not have been soundly derived and will, in fact, be false.<\/p>\n<p>Now permit me to apply that reasoning to the specific case of my view of the Restoration:<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m sometimes asked whether, <em>from my point of view as a convinced believer in the Restoration<\/em>, there can ever be genuine evidence against it.<\/p>\n<p>My answer to this is that No, there cannot be genuine evidence against the Restoration <em>from my point of view as a convinced believer in it<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Why?<\/p>\n<p><em>Ex hypothesi<\/em> \u2014 remember, I\u2019m responding to a question that\u2019s asked of me as\u00a0<em>as a convinced believer in the Restoration \u2014 <\/em>the claims of the Restoration are true. \u00a0Let\u2019s reformulate that (rather crudely, I admit) as \u201cThe claims of the Restoration are, collectively, true.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>On that assumption, I offer a rephrasing of the syllogism above:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Premise 1: \u00a0True propositions\u00a0cannot be\u00a0genuinely falsified.<\/li>\n<li>Premise 2: \u00a0The claims of the Restoration constitute a true \u201cproposition.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Conclusion: \u00a0Therefore, the claims of the Restoration are not genuinely falsifiable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This seems such an obvious logical entailment that I genuinely cannot see any problem with it, nor any controversy that should attend it.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>[I add here a clarification that I\u2019m definitely not claiming infallibility for every notion, every bit of folklore, every speculative thought, every interpretation, even every commonly-shared assumption that has ever been entertained within the <a href='https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/library\/mormonism' target='_blank'>Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints<\/a>. \u00a0I can certainly discuss this further, if it proves necessary, but, for now, I\u2019ll content myself with a quotation from Brigham Young: \u00a0<em>\u201cI do not even believe that there is a single revelation, among the many God has given to the Church, that is perfect in its fulness. The revelations of God contain correct doctrine and principle, so far as they go; but it is impossible for the poor, weak, low, grovelling, sinful inhabitants of the earth to receive a revelation from the Almighty in all its perfections. He has to speak to us in a manner to meet the extent of our capacities.\u201d<\/em> (Brigham Young, \u201cThe Kingdom Of God,\u201d [8 July 1855] <em>Journal of Discourses<\/em> 2:314.) \u00a0But back to my oration:]<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Does it mean that no evidence can ever seem to count against the claims of the Restoration? \u00a0No. \u00a0Not at all.<\/p>\n<p>Does it mean that no decisive argument or cluster of arguments could ever conceivably be mounted against Premise 2, above (\u201cThe claims of the Restoration constitute a true \u2018proposition.'\u201d)? \u00a0No, it doesn\u2019t. \u00a0I don\u2019t anticipate seeing such an argument or cluster of arguments \u2014 certainly, in my judgment, no such decisive or conclusive arguments have yet been offered \u2014 but they\u2019re easily conceivable. \u00a0(It\u2019s conceivable, though improbable, that a letter might be found and authenticated beyond any reasonable doubt in which Joseph Smith says \u201cStupid suckers! \u00a0I made it all up!\u201d)<\/p>\n<p>Does it mean that I am, or that others ought to be, uninterested in evidence? \u00a0Not even remotely.<\/p>\n<p>What it means is that, to borrow the useful terminology of Thomas Kuhn, from within the paradigm of a convinced Latter-day Saint no evidence will ultimately prove paradigm-defeating. \u00a0The same would be true, and logically should be true, of a convinced evolutionist, a convinced a believer in the Big Bang, a convinced adherent of the Stratfordian position on Shakespearean authorship, or any number of other positions.<\/p>\n<p>If a paradigm-defeating piece of evidence is admitted to be such, the person recognizing it as a defeater of his or her paradigm will have no rational alternative but to abandon that paradigm \u2014 to cease, in other words, to be a Latter-day Saint, or an evolutionist, or a believer in the Big Bang, or a Stratfordian.<\/p>\n<p>So, in answering the question put to me whether,\u00a0<em>as a convinced believer in the Restoration<\/em>, I recognize the existence or even the real-world possibility of an ultimately valid disproof of the Restoration\u2019s essential claim, my response must necessarily be No. \u00a0Should I encounter such a decisive disproof, in recognizing it as such I would instantly and by that very act cease to be a believer in the claims of the Restoration.<\/p>\n<p>In other words, what I was saying was tautological, and thus should be uncontroversial. \u00a0But I don\u2019t think it quite trivial \u2014 as, obviously, those who\u2019ve repeatedly put the question to me over the years have <em>also<\/em> not regarded it as trivial.<\/p>\n<p>Once again, though, I don\u2019t deny, even as a firmly convinced Latter-day Saint, that there are serious-appearing arguments and evidences that a reasonable observer could regard as defeaters of the Restoration paradigm. \u00a0I don\u2019t even deny that there are arguments and evidences regarding which a reasonable observer (possibly I myself) might judge that believers don\u2019t yet have a fully satisfactory reply. \u00a0 I simply say that, <em>as<\/em> a firmly convinced Latter-day Saint, I don\u2019t believe that such arguments and evidences are actual defeaters.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, evidence \u2014 even seemingly negative evidence \u2014 can be very helpful in polishing and refining a paradigm. \u00a0And, in that respect, arguments against the Restoration or against elements of its claims, even if they aren\u2019t granted the status of paradigm-defeaters, can and sometimes do have real value.<\/p>\n<p>A young child\u2019s view of prophets and apostles probably won\u2019t fully survive encounters with evidence of human frailty among the leadership of the Church. \u00a0I don\u2019t think that it <em>should<\/em>. \u00a0But evidence of human frailty, while it can be (and has been) a defeater for some, need not be viewed as a definitive defeater of the Latter-day Saint paradigm. \u00a0It can humanize and deepen our story, but needn\u2019t upend it completely.<\/p>\n<p>Maybe this will help. \u00a0My resigned guess, though, is that \u2014 for some, at least \u2014 it won\u2019t.<\/p>\n<p>(I briefly discussed a related theme in a 2012 newspaper column titled <a href=\"http:\/\/www.deseretnews.com\/article\/700223301\/The-Restoration-stands-up-to-history.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cThe Restoration stands up to history.\u201d<\/a>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Posted from Keokuk, Iowa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 At one point, the city of Nauvoo, Illinois, was well on its way to someday having its own international airport. \u00a0But the events of late June 1844 and those of the two years that followed blocked that pathway, and Nauvoo is now a small and very remote town, and quite hard to reach. \u00a0I [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1019,"featured_media":112964,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2556,9856,1435,5168,2905,788],"class_list":["post-112961","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-anti-mormon","tag-argument","tag-criticism","tag-evidence","tag-latter-day-saint","tag-mormon"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>&quot;You really ought to give Iowa a try&quot; (from &quot;The Music Man&quot;)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"&nbsp; At one point, the city of Nauvoo, Illinois, was well on its way to someday having its own international airport. \u00a0But the events of late June 1844\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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