One of the primary aspects of religious involvement is social interaction. \u00a0Does withdrawal from such involvement betoken a significant decline in interpersonal connection? \u00a0And, if so, might that have serious public health implications? \u00a0(Photo from LDS.org.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
Current research in primatology and evolutionary biology may suggest at least a partial answer to the questions that I ask in the caption above.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
I share some notes on things that I found interesting in Lydia Denworth, \u201cThe Social Lives of the Amboseli Baboons,\u201d Scientific American<\/em> 320\/1 (January 2019): 36-45:<\/p>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
The goal of a project founded back in 1971 to study the baboons who live on the edge of southern Kenya\u2019s Amboseli National Park has been to search for the deep evolutionary roots of primate behavior (including that of humans). \u00a0Lately, the team has been focused on the long-term consequences of what happens early in life, and particularly of early adversity. \u00a0One of the principal contributions of Jeanne Altmann, a co-founder of the project (though originally a mathematician) and now a professor emerita of ecology and evolutionary biology at Princeton University, was to pay special attention to female animals in a time when such concentration was rare to nonexistent. \u00a0Baboon society is, after all, organized matrilineally. \u00a0And she decided that the pay-off would come in the long haul, not the short term. \u00a0Which has proven very true.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
The baboons of Amboseli are observed during two sessions daily, six days each week, 52 weeks each year. \u00a0That\u2019s been going on now for 48 years, which has created a database including approximately 1800 individual baboons across six and a half generations.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Between thirty and fifty percent of wild baboons don\u2019t survive their first year, largely because of nutritional stress, disease, and predators. \u00a0Even those who survive the first year, however, can be strongly impacted by early adversity. \u00a0For instance, females who experienced three or more harsh conditions in early life \u2014 such as drought, the death of a mother, or the existence of siblings close in age who were competitors for food and attention \u2014 died, on average, ten years earlier than those who didn\u2019t.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
But the evidence now forcefully suggests that strong and stable social relationships with other baboons offer a compensatory protection, at least in part, against the baneful effects of early adversity.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
And this may be an important finding for humans, as well. \u00a0Since there are fewer complicating variables among baboons \u2014 e.g., health habits and access to medical attention \u2014 and since baboons have shorter life spans (though not too short for meaningful comparison), the animals of Amboseli and certain other populations may suggest some ideas that are relevant to human health concerns. \u00a0As Elizabeth Archie, an associate director at Amboseli and a behavior ecologist at the University of Notre Dame, puts it, \u201cThe fact that we see a relationship between social support and longevity in animals where they don\u2019t have hospitals or someone to drive them to hospitals means that there must be something else fundamentally biological going on.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
In other words, wellness isn\u2019t just about access to health care. \u00a0Even \u201cfactors such as bad health habits do not explain everything,\u201d says Duke University\u2019s Susan Alberts. \u00a0After all, \u201cbaboons don\u2019t have health habits.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u201cThe Amboseli researchers,\u201d writes Lydia Denworth, \u201chave found signs that strong relationships help animals push back against the damaging effects of early adversity.\u201d \u00a0In related news, a 1988 paper in Science<\/em> by James House and other sociologists at the University of Michigan \u201cconcluded that a lack of connection could be as deadly [for humans] as obesity and smoking.\u201d \u00a0\u201cWe think,\u201d says Jenny Tung of Duke University, \u201cthat social integration and social isolation probably do have direct effects on how our immune system functions.\u201d<\/p>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
This seems very important to me. \u00a0And it seems really worth considering in an increasingly atomized society marked, of late, by the steep decline of fraternal and other social organizations, a plunge in the marriage rate, a dramatic rise in the number of religiously unaffiliated \u201cnones,\u201d and a still-unfolding trend toward virtual relationships online as opposed, perhaps, to real relationships in actual society.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00a0 \u00a0 Current research in primatology and evolutionary biology may suggest at least a partial answer to the questions that I ask in the caption above. \u00a0 I share some notes on things that I found interesting in Lydia Denworth, \u201cThe Social Lives of the Amboseli Baboons,\u201d Scientific American 320\/1 (January 2019): 36-45: \u00a0 The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1019,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3151,3154,2412,3157,2836,743,2839],"class_list":["post-69445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-amboseli","tag-baboon","tag-health","tag-human","tag-nones","tag-religion","tag-religious-disaffiliation"],"yoast_head":"\n
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<\/a>