here<\/a>.) \u00a0(See pages 152-153.)<\/p>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
But what about the Book of Mormon\u2019s \u201cchariots\u201d? \u00a0Doesn\u2019t that word imply the existence of wheels in Pre-Columbian America? \u00a0Maybe. \u00a0Maybe not. \u00a0[dcp note: \u00a0In Hebrew, the word that\u2019s usually translated as chariot<\/em> is merkava<\/em>, which is also the name of a modern Israeli-made military tank. \u00a0The core idea of the root rkb<\/em> or rkv<\/em>, however, isn\u2019t wheels<\/em> but riding<\/em>. \u00a0Thus, in Arabic, the obviously cognate word markab<\/em> refers to either a horse\u2019s saddle or a boat.] \u00a0But let\u2019s assume that Book of Mormon chariots were wheeled. \u00a0One non-LDS archaeologist, Tim McGuiness, has suggested that wheels may have existed in the Pre-Columbian New World but that they were only in limited use and that the idea was lost. \u00a0(See pages 154-155.)<\/p>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
In fact, wheeled artifacts have been found from ancient America, most of them dating from the Late Postclassic, well before the Spanish arrival. \u00a0(155-156)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Although such wheeled toys, figurines, or effigies are now commonly known and accepted, no large-scale practical examples of working wheels have been found, so this outcome immediately raises the question, why not? \u00a0(156)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
Unfortunately, there is, to this point, no good answer to the question. \u00a0Johnson cites the eminent mid-twentieth-century archaeologist Gordon Ekholm, longtime curator of anthropology for the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, as pointing out that he knows of no case where such toys or models of a technology were common in which the technology remain unapplied for practical purposes. \u00a0He felt that the presence of wheeled figurines in the New World might be explained on the basis of contacts with other cultures in the Old<\/em> World. \u00a0(156-157)<\/p>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
To be continued.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00a0 \u00a0 In\u00a0\u201c\u2018Hard\u2019 Evidence of Ancient American Horses\u2019 (Part 1),\u201d\u00a0I began to extract notes from an article about possible Pre-Columbian horses in the Americas that appeared in 2015, surveying the state of the question at that time: \u00a0Daniel Johnson, \u201c\u2018Hard\u2019 Evidence of Ancient American Horses,\u201d \u00a0BYU Studies Quarterly\u00a054\/3 (2015): 149-179. \u00a0 I continue with that […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1019,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3655,56,7806,599,55,7809,280],"class_list":["post-82122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-archaeology","tag-book-of-mormon","tag-horse","tag-horses","tag-mormonism","tag-pre-columbian-america","tag-pre-columbian-american"],"yoast_head":"\n
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![\"Horses](\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2016\/09\/Horses_alpine_meadow_Kyrgyzstan.jpg\")
<\/a>