{"id":83616,"date":"2020-03-17T13:10:15","date_gmt":"2020-03-17T19:10:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/admin.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/?p=83616"},"modified":"2020-04-26T12:18:44","modified_gmt":"2020-04-26T18:18:44","slug":"krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html","title":{"rendered":"Krakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<\/head>

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"Krakatoa<\/a>
A NASA photograph of Krakatoa and surrounding islands as they appeared circa 2001. Since then, Krakatoa has largely destroyed itself yet again.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Volcanoes have been on my mind of late. \u00a0(Oddly, perhaps, when maybe I ought instead to be thinking about plagues<\/em>.) \u00a0That\u2019s why, last night, I watched an interesting 31-minute YouTube item on \u201cKrakatoa \u2014 Chronology \u2014 416 AD to 2019.\u201d \u00a0I enjoyed it (if enjoyment<\/em> is actually the right word) and found it quite informative. \u00a0Perhaps you will, too:<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cKrakatoa \u2014 Chronology \u2014 416 AD to 2019\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

This was interesting, as well:<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cTambora vs. Krakatoa: Which Was Worse?\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

The eruption of Krakatoa in 1883 was enormous, killing more than forty thousand people, and it is justly famous. \u00a0But that of Tambora (located essentially at the opposite end of the Indonesian island of Java) in 1815 was vastly larger. \u00a0(It\u2019s the one that is known among Latter-day Saints for its impact on global weather and, therefore, on the family of Joseph Smith Sr.) \u00a0The poorer communications of 1815, as opposed to 1883, simply didn\u2019t give it its due. \u00a0Here, though, are some facts that will give some sense of its magnitude:<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

The 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens spewed forth roughly one cubic kilometer of volcanic material, somewhat less than a cubic quarter mile. \u00a0By comparison, Krakatoa belched out about\u00a011 cubic miles\u00a0or 45 cubic kilometers in 1883. \u00a0But, as a result of its 1815 explosion, Tambora sent\u00a038 cubic miles of material into the atmosphere. \u00a0That\u2019s 160 cubic kilometers.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

***<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

I\u2019ve now completed the short series of notes that I extracted mostly from an article written by a longtime friend of mine, the Latter-day Saint geologist Dr. Bart Kowallis, about the natural catastrophe described in the Book of Mormon as occurring in the New World around the time of the death of Christ in the Old World: \u00a0Bart J. Kowallis, \u201cIn the Thirty and Fourth Year: A Geologist\u2019s View of the Great Destruction in 3 Nephi,\u201d\u00a0BYU Studies<\/em>\u00a037\/3 (1997-1998).<\/a>\u00a0 Here is a short index to the blog entries that contain my notes:<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (1): The Time of Darkness (A)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (2): Santorini and the Land of the Pharaoh\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (3): The Time of Darkness (B)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (4): An Explosive Volcanic Eruption?\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (5): Evidence from Ice Cores?\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (6): Storms and Tempests\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (7): \u201cShaking and Quaking\u201d\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (8): An Interim Update\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (9): Cities Burned, Buried, and Drowned (Part One)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (10): Cities Burned, Buried, and Drowned (Part Two)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (11): Cities Burned, Buried, and Drowned (Part Three)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (12): \u201cWhole Face of Land Changed\u201d (Part One)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (13): \u201cWhole Face of Land Changed\u201d (Part Two)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (14): \u201cBroken and Scattered Rocks\u201d (Part One)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (15): \u201cBroken and Scattered Rocks\u201d (Part Two)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (16): \u201cThick Darkness\u201d (Part One)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (17): \u201cThick Darkness\u201d (Part Two)\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cGeology and Third Nephi (18): Finis\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0 Volcanoes have been on my mind of late. \u00a0(Oddly, perhaps, when maybe I ought instead to be thinking about plagues.) \u00a0That\u2019s why, last night, I watched an interesting 31-minute YouTube item on \u201cKrakatoa \u2014 Chronology \u2014 416 AD to 2019.\u201d \u00a0I enjoyed it (if enjoyment is actually the right word) and found it […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1019,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1341,8834,56,8841,8844,8529,8520,1356,1353,8526,8556,1350,9117,4640,8838,1050,1369,8837,9111,8831,1347,3838,9114,8825,8828,3178,8531,8822],"class_list":["post-83616","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-3-nephi","tag-bart","tag-book-of-mormon","tag-burial","tag-buried","tag-cataclysm","tag-catastrophe","tag-christ","tag-destruction","tag-devastation","tag-drought","tag-earthquake","tag-eruption","tag-fire","tag-flood","tag-geology","tag-jesus","tag-kowallis","tag-krakatoa","tag-lightning","tag-seismology","tag-storm","tag-tambora","tag-tempest","tag-thunder","tag-volcanism","tag-volcano","tag-whirlwind"],"yoast_head":"\nKrakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"    Volcanoes have been on my mind of late. \u00a0(Oddly, perhaps, when maybe I ought instead to be thinking about plagues.) \u00a0That's why, last night,\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Krakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"    Volcanoes have been on my mind of late. \u00a0(Oddly, perhaps, when maybe I ought instead to be thinking about plagues.) \u00a0That's why, last night,\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sic et Non\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-03-17T19:10:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-04-26T18:18:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2020\/03\/Krakatoa_NasaWorldWind_2000-1024x767.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dan Peterson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dan Peterson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html\",\"name\":\"Krakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-03-17T19:10:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-04-26T18:18:44+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#\/schema\/person\/77113e9b09701bd1599fa272c4f65045\"},\"description\":\"    Volcanoes have been on my mind of late. \u00a0(Oddly, perhaps, when maybe I ought instead to be thinking about plagues.) \u00a0That's why, last night,\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Krakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/\",\"name\":\"Sic et Non\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#\/schema\/person\/77113e9b09701bd1599fa272c4f65045\",\"name\":\"Dan Peterson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5ed1a72d26805e35a503e3167599df7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5ed1a72d26805e35a503e3167599df7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Dan Peterson\"},\"description\":\"\\\"Life was very unsatisfying until I discovered Dan's blog, which gave me a reason to live.\\\" (gemli, 7 November 2019)\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/author\/danpeterson\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Krakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance","description":"    Volcanoes have been on my mind of late. \u00a0(Oddly, perhaps, when maybe I ought instead to be thinking about plagues.) \u00a0That's why, last night,","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Krakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance","og_description":"    Volcanoes have been on my mind of late. \u00a0(Oddly, perhaps, when maybe I ought instead to be thinking about plagues.) \u00a0That's why, last night,","og_url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html","og_site_name":"Sic et Non","article_published_time":"2020-03-17T19:10:15+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-04-26T18:18:44+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/186\/2020\/03\/Krakatoa_NasaWorldWind_2000-1024x767.jpg"}],"author":"Dan Peterson","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Dan Peterson","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html","name":"Krakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#website"},"datePublished":"2020-03-17T19:10:15+00:00","dateModified":"2020-04-26T18:18:44+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#\/schema\/person\/77113e9b09701bd1599fa272c4f65045"},"description":"    Volcanoes have been on my mind of late. \u00a0(Oddly, perhaps, when maybe I ought instead to be thinking about plagues.) \u00a0That's why, last night,","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/2020\/03\/krakatoa-a-comparison-and-a-concordance.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Krakatoa, a Comparison, and a Concordance"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/","name":"Sic et Non","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#\/schema\/person\/77113e9b09701bd1599fa272c4f65045","name":"Dan Peterson","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5ed1a72d26805e35a503e3167599df7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5ed1a72d26805e35a503e3167599df7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Dan Peterson"},"description":"\"Life was very unsatisfying until I discovered Dan's blog, which gave me a reason to live.\" (gemli, 7 November 2019)","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/author\/danpeterson"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1019"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83616"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83616\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/danpeterson\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}