{"id":4103,"date":"2015-10-21T15:59:03","date_gmt":"2015-10-21T19:59:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admin.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/?p=4103"},"modified":"2017-05-17T12:17:58","modified_gmt":"2017-05-17T16:17:58","slug":"catholics-science-2-adelard-of-bath","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2015\/10\/catholics-science-2-adelard-of-bath.html","title":{"rendered":"Catholics &#038; Science #2: Adelard of Bath (c. 1080-c. 1152)"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/572\/2015\/10\/Astrolabe1.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4105 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/572\/2015\/10\/Astrolabe1.jpg\" alt=\"Astrolabe\" width=\"346\" height=\"599\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Planispheric\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"color: #0b0080;\" title=\"Category:Astrolabes\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Astrolabes\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">astrolabe<\/a><span style=\"color: #252525;\">\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Al-Andalus<\/span><span style=\"color: #252525;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u00a0(Islamic Iberia), dated 1067<\/span> [<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Astrolabio_andalus%C3%AD_Toledo_1067_(M.A.N.)_02.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a> \/\u00a0<a class=\"extiw decorated-link\" style=\"color: #663366;\" title=\"w:en:Creative Commons\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/en:Creative_Commons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Creative Commons<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"external text decorated-link\" style=\"color: #663366;\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\/deed.en\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic<\/a>\u00a0license]<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">* * * * *<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\" style=\"text-align: center;\">The following is yet more compelling evidence of the inveterate, relentless\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/ahistorywarfare00goog\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">warfare between Catholic theology and science\u00a0<\/a>(and all reason whatever) during the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.strangenotions.com\/dark-ages-and-secularist-rages-a-response-to-professor-a-c-grayling\/\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cDark Ages\u201d<\/a>: that dreadful period of time from\u00a0benevolent Nero till the \u201cenlightened\u201d\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">anti-Catholic\u00a0<\/a>revolutionaries in France in the late 18th century. These were the kind, loving, magnificently \u201csecular\u201d folks who heroically saved\u00a0the world from the horrors of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2015\/10\/who-killed-lavoisier-father-of-chemistry.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">the father of chemistry, Antoine Lavoisier<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">* * * * *<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csa.com\/discoveryguides\/medieval\/review6.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><b>Adelard of Bath<\/b><\/a><\/span><\/span> (c. 1080-c. 1152) He was one of the first to introduce the Indian <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Number_system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">number system<\/a><\/span><\/span> to Europe. Adelard also displays original thought of a scientific bent, reflecting on\u00a0the shape of the Earth (he believed it to be round) and the question of how it remains stationary in space; he also speculated on how far a rock would fall if a hole were drilled through the earth and a rock dropped in it (see <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Center_of_gravity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">center of gravity<\/a><\/span><\/span>). He theorized that matter could not be destroyed (see <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Law_of_conservation_of_matter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Law of conservation of matter<\/a><\/span><\/span>) and wondered\u00a0why water acts the way it does,\u00a0flowing out of a container that has been turned upside down (see <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atmospheric_pressure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">atmospheric pressure<\/a><\/span><\/span> and <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vacuum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">vacuum<\/a>)<\/span><\/span>. [source: <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adelard_of_Bath\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Wikipedia bio<\/a><\/span><\/span>]<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">He contributed the first full Latin translation of Euclid\u2019s <i>Elements<\/i>\u00a0(which served for the next eight centuries as the standard\u00a0textbook for geometry in the West) and introduced trigonometry to Europe as transmitted through Arabic astronomical tables. The <i>Questions Naturales<\/i> covers subjects such as plants and animals, the four elements, the hydrological cycle, weather, and astronomy. [source:<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a class=\"western decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.csa.com\/discoveryguides\/medieval\/review6.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"> Scearce<\/a><\/span><\/span>]<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u201cHis other writings include works on the\u00a0abacus\u00a0and the\u00a0astrolabe\u00a0and a translation of an Arabic astronomical table.\u201d [source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Adelard-of-Bath\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><em>Encyclopaedia Britannica<\/em><\/a>]<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u201cAdelard also introduced the Arabic notation for numbers and zero. . . .\u00a0Adelard was a pioneer of the scientific renaissance of the twelfth century, one of the first to call for observation,experimentation, and innovation rather than blind acceptance of authority on scientific questions. . . . [He]\u00a0<span style=\"color: #222222;\">was instrumental in introducing Arabic knowledge and the Arabic tradition of rational scientific inquiry to Europe.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u201c. . . [He wrote] t<span style=\"color: #222222;\">he first known written account of the distillation of alcohol.\u201d\u00a0<\/span>[source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newworldencyclopedia.org\/entry\/Adelard_of_Bath\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><em>New World Encyclopedia<\/em><\/a>]<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Planispheric\u00a0astrolabe\u00a0from\u00a0Al-Andalus\u00a0(Islamic Iberia), dated 1067 [Wikimedia Commons \/\u00a0Creative Commons\u00a0Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic\u00a0license] * * * * * The following is yet more compelling evidence of the inveterate, relentless\u00a0warfare between Catholic theology and science\u00a0(and all reason whatever) during the\u00a0\u201cDark Ages\u201d: that dreadful period of time from\u00a0benevolent Nero till the \u201cenlightened\u201d\u00a0anti-Catholic\u00a0revolutionaries in France in the late 18th century. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2331,"featured_media":4104,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[112],"tags":[1219,1217,501,1218],"class_list":["post-4103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-philosophy-science","tag-adelard-of-bath","tag-catholicism-science","tag-history-of-science","tag-reason-faith"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Catholics &amp; Science #2: Adelard of Bath (c. 1080-c. 1152)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Brief description of Adelard of Bath (c. 1080-c. 1152), who theorized that matter could not be destroyed (Law of conservation of matter).\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2015\/10\/catholics-science-2-adelard-of-bath.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Catholics &amp; 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Formerly a campus missionary, as a Protestant, Dave was received into the Catholic Church in February 1991, by the late, well-known catechist and theologian, Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave\u2019s articles have appeared in many influential Catholic periodicals, including \\\"This Rock\\\" (now called \\\"Catholic Answers Magazine\\\"), \\\"Envoy Magazine\\\" (Patrick Madrid), \\\"The Catholic Answer,\\\" \\\"The Coming Home Journal,\\\" \\\"Gilbert Magazine\\\" (American Chesterton Society), and \\\"The Latin Mass.\\\" He also writes a featured column for every issue of \\\"The Michigan Catholic\\\": published by the archdiocese of Detroit, and was editor for most of the apologetics tracts published by the St. Paul Street Evangelization apostolate. Dave\u2019s apologetics and writing apostolate was the subject of a feature article in the May 2002 issue of \\\"Envoy Magazine.\\\" He served as the staff moderator at the Internet discussion forum for The Coming Home Network, from 2007-2010. Dave has been interviewed on many nationally syndicated Catholic radio shows, including \\\"Catholic Answers Live\\\" (twice), \\\"Faith and Family Live\\\" (Steve Wood), \\\"Kresta in the Afternoon,\\\" \\\"Son Rise Morning Show,\\\" \\\"Catholic Connection\\\" (Teresa Tomeo), and \\\"The Catholics Next Door.\\\" His large and popular website, \\\"Biblical Evidence for Catholicism,\\\" was online from March 1997 to March 2007, and received the 1998 Catholic Website of the Year award from \\\"Envoy Magazine.\\\" His blog of the same name (now transferred to Patheos), begun in February 2004, contains more than 1,500 papers, at least 500 debates or dialogues, and over 50 distinct \\\"index\\\" web pages. Unsolicited correspondence has indicated many hundreds of conversions (or returns) to the Catholic faith as a result, by God's grace, of these writings. Dave's conversion story was published in the bestselling book \\\"Surprised by Truth\\\" (edited by Patrick Madrid; San Diego: Basilica Press, 1994). Sophia Institute Press has published six of his books: \\\"A Biblical Defense of Catholicism\\\" (Foreword by Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J., 1996 \/ 2003), \\\"The Catholic Verses\\\" (2004), \\\"The One-Minute Apologist\\\" (2007), \\\"Bible Proofs for Catholic Truths\\\" (2009), \\\"The Quotable Newman\\\" (editor: 2012), and \\\"Proving the Catholic Faith is Biblical\\\" (2015). He is co-author (with Dr. Paul Thigpen) of the inserts for \\\"The New Catholic Answer Bible\\\" (Our Sunday Visitor: 2005), and editor for \\\"The Wisdom of Mr. Chesterton: The Very Best Quotes, Quips, and Cracks from the Pen of G. K. Chesterton\\\" (Saint Benedict Press \/ TAN Books: 2009). \\\"100 Biblical Arguments Against Sola Scriptura\\\" was published by Catholic Answers in May 2012. His \\\"Quotable Wesley\\\" compilation was published by (Protestant \/ Wesleyan publisher) Beacon Hill Press in April 2014. Several of his 49 books are bestsellers in their field. Dave maintains a popular personal Facebook page, a Facebook author page, and has a Twitter account as well. He offers almost all of his books in e-book form on his own Biblical Catholicism site (http:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/), at a permanent deep discount: only $2.99 for ePub, mobi, and AZW, and $1.99 for PDF. His writing has been enthusiastically endorsed or recommended by many leading Catholic apologists, authors, and priests, including Dr. Scott Hahn, Fr. Peter M. J. Stravinskas, Marcus Grodi, Patrick Madrid, Steve Ray, Tim Staples, Devin Rose, Mike Aquilina, Al Kresta, Karl Keating, Fr. Dwight Longenecker, Brandon Vogt, Marcellino D'Ambrosio, and Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave has been happily married to his wife Judy since October 1984. 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Formerly a campus missionary, as a Protestant, Dave was received into the Catholic Church in February 1991, by the late, well-known catechist and theologian, Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave\u2019s articles have appeared in many influential Catholic periodicals, including \"This Rock\" (now called \"Catholic Answers Magazine\"), \"Envoy Magazine\" (Patrick Madrid), \"The Catholic Answer,\" \"The Coming Home Journal,\" \"Gilbert Magazine\" (American Chesterton Society), and \"The Latin Mass.\" He also writes a featured column for every issue of \"The Michigan Catholic\": published by the archdiocese of Detroit, and was editor for most of the apologetics tracts published by the St. Paul Street Evangelization apostolate. Dave\u2019s apologetics and writing apostolate was the subject of a feature article in the May 2002 issue of \"Envoy Magazine.\" He served as the staff moderator at the Internet discussion forum for The Coming Home Network, from 2007-2010. Dave has been interviewed on many nationally syndicated Catholic radio shows, including \"Catholic Answers Live\" (twice), \"Faith and Family Live\" (Steve Wood), \"Kresta in the Afternoon,\" \"Son Rise Morning Show,\" \"Catholic Connection\" (Teresa Tomeo), and \"The Catholics Next Door.\" His large and popular website, \"Biblical Evidence for Catholicism,\" was online from March 1997 to March 2007, and received the 1998 Catholic Website of the Year award from \"Envoy Magazine.\" His blog of the same name (now transferred to Patheos), begun in February 2004, contains more than 1,500 papers, at least 500 debates or dialogues, and over 50 distinct \"index\" web pages. Unsolicited correspondence has indicated many hundreds of conversions (or returns) to the Catholic faith as a result, by God's grace, of these writings. Dave's conversion story was published in the bestselling book \"Surprised by Truth\" (edited by Patrick Madrid; San Diego: Basilica Press, 1994). Sophia Institute Press has published six of his books: \"A Biblical Defense of Catholicism\" (Foreword by Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J., 1996 \/ 2003), \"The Catholic Verses\" (2004), \"The One-Minute Apologist\" (2007), \"Bible Proofs for Catholic Truths\" (2009), \"The Quotable Newman\" (editor: 2012), and \"Proving the Catholic Faith is Biblical\" (2015). He is co-author (with Dr. Paul Thigpen) of the inserts for \"The New Catholic Answer Bible\" (Our Sunday Visitor: 2005), and editor for \"The Wisdom of Mr. Chesterton: The Very Best Quotes, Quips, and Cracks from the Pen of G. K. Chesterton\" (Saint Benedict Press \/ TAN Books: 2009). \"100 Biblical Arguments Against Sola Scriptura\" was published by Catholic Answers in May 2012. His \"Quotable Wesley\" compilation was published by (Protestant \/ Wesleyan publisher) Beacon Hill Press in April 2014. Several of his 49 books are bestsellers in their field. Dave maintains a popular personal Facebook page, a Facebook author page, and has a Twitter account as well. He offers almost all of his books in e-book form on his own Biblical Catholicism site (http:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/), at a permanent deep discount: only $2.99 for ePub, mobi, and AZW, and $1.99 for PDF. His writing has been enthusiastically endorsed or recommended by many leading Catholic apologists, authors, and priests, including Dr. Scott Hahn, Fr. Peter M. J. Stravinskas, Marcus Grodi, Patrick Madrid, Steve Ray, Tim Staples, Devin Rose, Mike Aquilina, Al Kresta, Karl Keating, Fr. Dwight Longenecker, Brandon Vogt, Marcellino D'Ambrosio, and Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave has been happily married to his wife Judy since October 1984. They have three sons and a daughter, and reside in southeast Michigan (metro Detroit).","sameAs":["https:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/dave.armstrong.798","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@LuxVeritatisApologetics"],"url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/author\/davearmstrong"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2331"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4103"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4103\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}