Yours Truly, in July 1988 (age 30 but looking more like 20!), during my evangelical \u201ccampus missionary\u201d days.<\/span><\/p>\n Interviewer [Al Kresta]:\u00a0What was your experience like as an evangelical?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Well, I loved it . . . most conversion stories I hear from Catholics, they don\u2019t run down their evangelical experience. . . . I have great memories and fond memories. I learned all about the Bible when I was there, good moral teaching . . . I just think there was more to it that the Catholic Church can offer, along the lines of sacramentalism and tradition and matters of Church and authority. (1997)<\/span><\/p>\n Recently I made passing reference on the CHNI discussion board, about how I used to attend a Lutheran church and that\u00a0Rev. Dick Bieber<\/span>\u00a0in Detroit was one whom I consider a highly influential spiritual father in my life. I was looking to find some material from Rev. Bieber online and discovered a great deal (including audio files of sermons). That in turn led me to considerable reflection upon the evangelical Protestant period of my life (1977-1990): how much it taught and formed me; the innumerable blessings and benefits I received, and how many wonderful Protestant teachers contributed to my Christian life, and even (indirectly) to my present Catholic apostolate of apologetics and evangelism. It is always good to ponder our experience and the paths through which God has led us, in His mercy and by His grace.<\/span><\/p>\n In what follows, I shall do a bit of a run-through of my past spiritual life, and acknowledge and honor the men who have taught me so much, and also make an analysis \u2014 in retrospect \u2014 of how many of these Protestant influences are very much in line with what I believe today as a Catholic. As such, it will be essentially an ecumenical endeavor, though I\u2019m quite sure that some people involved might not care all that much (some, not at\u00a0all<\/span>!) for the topical \/ causal connection I would make between my Protestant past and present Catholic apostolate.<\/span><\/p>\n I described the limited spiritual understanding I had as a child in the following way, in my \u201cstandard\u201d conversion story, published in<\/span>\u00a0Surprised by Truth<\/span><\/a>:<\/p>\n My first exposure to Christianity came from the United Methodist Church, the denomination in which I was raised. The church we attended, in a working-class neighborhood of Detroit, appeared to me, even as a child in the early 1960s, to be in decline, sociologically speaking, as the average age of the members was about fifty or so years. In my studies as an Evangelical later, I learned that shrinking and aging congregations were one of the marks of the deterioration of mainline Protestantism.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n As it turned out, our church actually folded in 1968, and after that, I barely attended church at all for the next nine years. My early religious upbringing was not totally without benefit, though, as I gained a respect for God which I never relinquished, a comprehension of His love for mankind, and an appreciation for the sense of the sacred and basic moral precepts.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n At any rate, for whatever reason, I didn\u2019t sustain an ongoing interest in Christianity at this time.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n In a 1997 radio interview, I added:<\/span><\/p>\n I was raised Methodist; pretty nominal. It wasn\u2019t very vital, and there wasn\u2019t much fire there, for whatever reason. So it took really, till 1977 to become an evangelical Christian . . . But a big influence on me was the movies about Jesus that would come on, like\u00a0The Greatest Story Ever Told<\/i>. One time we were watchin\u2019 that (this would be mid-70s, I guess), and my brother Gerry said \u201cwell, Jesus is God.\u201d And I didn\u2019t even\u00a0know<\/i>\u00a0that! That\u2019s how ignorant I was. I didn\u2019t even know the Trinity. I said, \u201cno, he\u2019s the\u00a0son<\/i>\u00a0of God!\u201d And he said \u201cno, He\u2019s\u00a0God the Son<\/i>.\u201d So I started thinking about . . . it gave me a different perspective, watching the movie, even, that this person is God in the flesh.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n At least in the Catholic tradition, generally kids are going to parochial school; they get some kind of catechetical instruction. But I really didn\u2019t have that. I didn\u2019t have a good Sunday school, or much at all. I think if I had learned earlier, some of the things I learned later, that I think I would have had more zeal for being a Christian.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n The first major thing that changed this was the influence of my brother Gerry (1948-1998). Asked how it happened that I became an evangelical Christian, I replied in the same interview:<\/span><\/p>\n Basically, my brother Gerry, getting \u201csaved\u201d around 1971, and the spectacle of his long-haired friends comin\u2019 around, carrying Bibles; truth is stranger than fiction! And just observing them; it kinda got me wondering, \u201cwhat\u2019s going on here? These people are talking about Jesus . . . \u201d I thought you had to be a square [to be a good Christian].<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n I wrote about the same thing in\u00a0Surprised by Truth:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [M]y brother Gerry, who is ten years older than I am, converted, in 1971, to \u201cJesus Freak\u201d Evangelicalism, a trend which was at its peak at that time. He underwent quite a remarkable transformation out of a drug-filled rock band culture and personal struggles, and started preaching zealously to our family. This was a novel spectacle for me to observe. I had already been influenced by the hippie counterculture, and had always been a bit of a nonconformist, so the Jesus Movement held a strange fascination for me, although I had no intention of joining it.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n I prided myself on my \u201cmoderation\u201d with regard to religious matters. Like most nominal Christians and outright unbelievers, I reacted to any display of earnest and devout Christianity with a mixture of fear, amusement, and condescension, thinking that such behavior was \u201cimproper\u201d, fanatical, and outside of mainstream American culture.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n What my brother Gerry taught me the most at this stage of my life, was that Christianity was a Way: a Way of Life. It wasn\u2019t something that was merely consigned to a few hours on Sunday and then forgotten the rest of the week. It was a total commitment, and a life-changing force. And he demonstrated (or, \u201cwitnessed\u201d) by the example of his own life, that this was the case. Since I had always looked up to him, this couldn\u2019t help but have a huge impact on me. He had been profoundly influenced by Rev. Dick Bieber and Messiah Lutheran Church in Detroit. I would attend this church every now and then before my evangelical conversion (when Gerry managed to \u201cdrag\u201d me there, for some reason), and so I wrote in the above testimony:<\/span><\/p>\n During the early 1970s I occasionally visited Messiah Lutheran Church in Detroit where my brother attended, along with his \u201cJesus Freak,\u201d long-haired friends, and would squirm in my seat under the conviction of the powerful sermons of Pastor Dick Bieber, the likes of which I had never heard. I remember thinking that what he was preaching was undeniably true, and that if I were to \u201cget saved\u201d there would be no room for middle ground or fence-sitting. Therefore, I was reluctant, to say the least, because I thought it would be the end of fun and fitting-in with my friends. Because of my rebelliousness and pride, God had to use more drastic methods to wake me up.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n The \u201cdrastic method\u201d was what I sarcastically refer to as the \u201cGreat Depression\u201d period of my life (March-October 1977). I continued the narrative:<\/span><\/p>\n In 1977 I experienced a severe depression for six months, which was totally uncharacteristic of my temperament before or since. The immediate causes were the pressures of late adolescence, but in retrospect it is clear that God was bringing home to me the ultimate meaninglessness of my life \u2013 \u2013 a vacuous and futile individualistic quest for happiness without purpose or relationship with God. I was brought, staggering, to the end of myself. It was a frightening existential crisis in which I had no choice but to cry out to God. He was quick to respond. . . .<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n It was the combination of my depression and newfound knowledge of Christianity that caused me to decide to follow Jesus as my Lord and Savior in a much more serious fashion, in July 1977 what I would still regard as a \u201cconversion to Christ,\u201d and what Evangelicals view as the \u201cborn-again\u201d experience or getting \u201csaved.\u201d I continue to look at this as a valid and indispensable spiritual step, even though, as a Catholic, I would, of course, interpret it in a somewhat different way than I did formerly.<\/span><\/p>\n In my radio interview I stated:<\/span><\/p>\n [I]t took a huge depression that I went through. I was 18 years-old at the time, and God \u2013 the way I look at it \u2013 God more or less had to put me right on my back to see that I couldn\u2019t survive on my own. Because I was under this illusion, \u201cwell, you don\u2019t need God.\u201d I had lived for ten years without goin\u2019 to church \u2013 a very secular life; kinda like what you see in England now, where 4% go to church every Sunday.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Today I again wrote about this traumatic experience:<\/span><\/p>\n God sometimes gives a person up to their sin (and to Satan) for a time, with the ultimate goal of causing them to repent by hitting bottom and waking up (rather than being lost).<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n I dare say that this happened in my own life. Being content, at age 18 (back in 1977), to live without God and pay Him very little notice at all, all of a sudden I found myself in a deep (very serious, clinical) depression and utter despair, that lasted six months. God knew what it would take in my case to wake me up. It worked. I soon cried out to Him (having nowhere\u00a0else\u00a0<\/i>to go, and no hope). God in His tender mercy, accepts even this \u201cdefault\u201d \/ last resort discipleship. So I devoted my life to Him, as an evangelical Protestant. The depression didn\u2019t go away immediately, but the black despair did, and once the depression left after six months, it never returned (thank heavens).<\/span><\/p>\n I\u2019ve always interpreted this as God, in effect, saying, \u201cokay, Dave. You want to live without Me? Do you\u00a0truly<\/i>\u00a0want to see what it would be like to live a life of no hope and meaning; a world without God? Alright; I\u2019ll let you do that.\u201d And I saw what a truly Godless, nihilistic universe would be like and wanted no part of that!<\/span><\/p>\n There are also times that a person rejects God utterly and so God \u201cgives him up\u201d because God honors the free will of man and will force no one to follow Him by compulsion. It\u2019s more a semi-sarcastic or ironic manner of biblical speech. Man chooses to rebel, but to phrase it as \u201cGod giving him up\u201d conveys the sense of God\u2019s control of everything, or relinquishing control (of human free will) as the case may be.<\/span><\/p>\n In my case, obviously God knew (being omniscient) that I would soon cry out, so it was literally an act of mercy to give me totally over to my own corrupt desire of living a life of \u201cpractical atheism\u201d. Many atheists can play games and pretend as if a world without God still has meaning, but I was allowed the privilege of seeing what a consistent atheism leads and reduces to: black despair and meaninglessness.<\/span><\/p>\n Following this dedication of my life to God, I started attending Messiah Lutheran, but with some self-imposed limitations:<\/span><\/p>\n I would go to Bible studies, at Messiah Church. That\u2019s a very good church. It was a good place to start. But I didn\u2019t even go to church on Sunday; I just went to the Bible studies.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n I was still (as I was for the entire time before I became a Catholic), extremely \u201cunliturgical.\u201d It always bored me (going back to my Methodist days). On the few occasions that I went to Messiah on Sunday I \u201cendured\u201d the liturgy, counting the minutes, and always looked forward to the sermon (a very good \u201clow church\u201d Protestant I was, concentrated on the \u201cWord\u201d and preaching!). Rev. Dick Bieber is an extraordinary preacher and teacher (and man). As I look back at what he taught me and gave to me in my Christian life (and to my brother and sister and many many others), I see that it was the\u00a0firm conviction that discipleship and following Jesus has to be a total, radical commitment.\u00a0<\/span>This is central to all Christianity: be it Protestant, Catholic, Orthodox, or groups which consciously attempt to defy all three categories.<\/span><\/p>\n This aspect, and the high emphasis on\u00a0sharing the gospel with others<\/span>\u00a0(including street evangelism) was what Messiah was about: what it was known and renowned for. And it had a profound and lasting influence on my life. I\u2019ve always sought to radically follow Jesus (not that I always succeeded, by a long shot!), and evangelism and specifically its \u201chalf-sister\u201d: defense of the faith, or apologetics, have been my vocation in life.<\/span><\/p>\n These emphases are almost a case study of what Catholics can learn from evangelicals. Neither a total, heartfelt commitment to Jesus nor evangelism are at all\u00a0foreign<\/span>\u00a0to Catholicism, in terms of what we believe. In fact, in the 16th century when Protestantism began, Catholics were doing virtually all of the world evangelism and missions work, while Protestants did very little, and it was hardly stressed at all by Luther and Calvin. But in practice, today, many Catholics do not have this sense of urgency, to commit one\u2019s life to Jesus and to share the exciting truths learned as a result.<\/span><\/p>\n Therefore, to the extent that a person has received these teachings in an evangelical setting, one has been taught what they\u00a0should have been taught in the Catholic Church,\u00a0<\/span>but often are (sadly) not taught. That\u2019s a failure of Catholic teaching and catechesis, not of the Catholic worldview itself (which completely agrees). And so such teachings received in my life literally have made me a better Catholic today.<\/span><\/p>\n Recently, I discovered many online resources from Dick Bieber and Messiah Church. The latter (no longer Lutheran but part of the Evangelical Covenant Church denomination) ha<\/span>s\u00a0a<\/a>\u00a0web<\/span>\u00a0page<\/span><\/a>. On the sub-page<\/span>\u00a0\u201cOur Past\u201d<\/span><\/a>\u00a0we find a broad description: 1958<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n In 1958, Richard Bieber accepted the call to serve as pastor beginning what would be a thirty year commitment. The years 1958 through 1969 saw many changes and much fruit being born. More and more the church opened its doors to the local neighborhood and community and experienced a strengthening in its base of committed believers as members. Annual visitations of church members and others in need or open to the Gospel numbered into the thousands. Individual intercessory prayer on behalf of each member was encouraged. Strong proclamation of the Word of God in preaching and teaching and sincere worship of the Living Lord was the foundation upon which all hope for church growth was laid.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n 1970<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n The decade of the \u201870s was one of harvest. Beginning with an outpouring of the Holy Spirit there was a fresh anointing of the congregation which many believe happened around Palm Sunday of 1970. This, coupled with a large influx of what was known as \u201cJesus People\u201d in that same year caused a rebirth in the congregation that would forever impact this church.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Much of what had been regarded as standard church life and practice gave way to burgeoning nets filled with people. Young, long-haired anti-establishment types as many of their older, more mainline and conservative parents and relatives were being drawn into the kingdom as those in the dark being drawn to a great light. \u201cA city on a hill cannot be hid,\u201d it was preached: and so it was.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n I managed to find an online collection of\u00a0Rev. Bieber\u2019s\u00a0written sermons<\/span><\/a>, and also\u00a0audio versions<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(where the power and heart-stirring nature of his preaching is, I think, plainly evident). One book (Set Our Hearts on Fire<\/span><\/a>) is listed on amazon.com. Also in the late 1970s I often attended a related group: a mixture of messianic Jews and \u201cJesus People\u201d (mostly young people) called the<\/span>\u00a0Northwest Fellowship<\/a>. There I was blessed by the wonderful teaching of the late\u00a0Haskell Stone\u00a0<\/span>(a \u201ccompleted Jew\u201d who taught philosophy of religion at a local college: listen to his<\/span>\u00a0audio files<\/a>; see also a\u00a0second source page<\/a>) and\u00a0Harry Martin<\/span>\u00a0(see\u00a0many audio files of his teaching<\/a>\u00a0mixed in with other teachers).<\/span><\/p>\n The emphasis here was much the same as with Messiah Church. One might roughly categorize both as forms of what is historically known as \u201cpietism.\u201d This school of thought and practice has its limitations (arguably, underemphasis on doctrine and theology being one) but as far as it goes, this brand of Christianity is, I think, very edifying and beneficial. I also acquired my great love of<\/span>\u00a0Jewish influences on Christianity<\/a>\u00a0from Northwest Fellowship.<\/span><\/p>\n The next move in my evangelical Christian life was to attend Shalom House: another non-denominational, \u201cJesus People\u201d, hardly-anyone-over-the-age-of-50 type of fellowship that began with a weekly coffee house of Christian musicians. I wrote about this in my radio interview: [I]n 1980, when I went to Shalom House . . . that\u2019s when I really started to \u2013 I would say \u2013 commit myself to Jesus, and since then, it\u2019s been pretty constant.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n And in my published conversion story I added:<\/span><\/p>\n Despite my initial burst of zeal, I again settled into lukewarmness for three years until August 1980, when I finally yielded my whole being to God, and experienced a profound \u201crenewal\u201d in my spiritual life, as it were.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Throughout the 1980s I attended Lutheran, Assembly of God, and non-denominational churches with strong connections to the \u201cJesus Movement,\u201d characterized by youth, spontaneity of worship, contemporary music, and warm fellowship. Many of my friends were former Catholics. I knew little of Catholicism until the early 1980s. I regarded it as an exotic, stern, and unnecessarily ritualistic \u201cdenomination,\u201d which held little appeal for me.<\/span><\/p>\n God uses different environments and people to affect people in various ways. I certainly had enough solid teaching at Messiah Church and Northwest Fellowship to grow and flourish spiritually, yet I didn\u2019t experience a profound \u201crevival\u201d in the Holy Spirit until I went to this church. All things in God\u2019s time . . . it took time for me to wake up and acknowledge and worship God as God, and it took time for Christian truths to travel from my head to my heart, and to \u201ccatch on fire.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n The pastor at Shalom at the time was\u00a0Joe Shannon<\/span>\u00a0(who in the last year has returned to the Catholic Church). Several profound influences on my life happened during this period (1980-1982). I first saw a book by Josh McDowell<\/span> (Evidence That Demands a Verdict<\/span><\/a>) at Joe\u2019s house one day. I had already read C.S. Lewis, after discovering him in the Messiah Book Room (and he has since become my favorite author). I had encountered\u00a0<\/span>Francis Schaeffer<\/a>\u00a0and others in Inter-Varsity at college. Now the new thing was the historical apologetics that McDowell specializes in. I date my overt interest in and devotion to apologetics from this particular moment and time (1981). From this date I knew (finally!) what I wanted to do with my life.<\/span><\/p>\n In fact, my blog theme of \u201cbiblical evidence\u201d comes from the phraseology of this book (just as I named by (1985-1989) college campus missionary outreach \u201cTrue Truth Ministries\u201d after a phrase in Schaeffer). In the same year I started doing a lot of research in opposing<\/span>\u00a0non-trinitarian cults<\/a>\u00a0(eventually specializing in Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses), and doing my own in-depth research, such as biblical support for the divinity of Jesus and also trinitarianism and opposition to name-it-claim-it charismatic excess (papers still posted on my site today).<\/span><\/p>\n I described other evangelical influences at the same time (early 1980s):<\/span><\/p>\n I was, you might say, a typical Evangelical of the sort who had an above-average amateur theological interest. I became familiar with the works of many of the \u201cbig names\u201d: C.S. Lewis, Francis Schaeffer, Josh McDowell, A.W. Tozer, Billy Graham, Hal Lindsey, John Stott, Chuck Colson,\u00a0Christianity Today<\/i>\u00a0magazine, Keith Green and Last Days Ministries, the Jesus People in Chicago and\u00a0Cornerstone<\/i>\u00a0magazine, Inter-Varsity Christian Fellowship (a campus organization), as well as the Christian music scene: all in all, quite beneficial influences and not to be regretted at all.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n The other thing about Shalom that had a profound influence on me was their annual forays to the Ann Arbor Art Fair, to do street evangelism there, from their own booth. This was my first chance (in Summer 1981) to do both evangelism and apologetics in a live, spontaneous street setting. I had just become fired up about apologetics and had been taught about (and urged to do) street witnessing for the previous four years in the Christian circles I moved in, but now I was actually\u00a0doing<\/span>\u00a0it (and enjoying it very much!). This began ten straight years of attending the Art Fair and talking and reasoning with folks of every imaginable belief-system.<\/span><\/p>\n A third thing that changed my life at Shalom House was a pro-life conference that was held in, I believe, January 1982. Prior to that point I knew I had to study more about abortion and make up my mind about it, but I was thoroughly ignorant and so not yet really pro-life. Because Joe Shannon thought it was an important enough issue to teach his flock about, I learned a ton of things in one day and instantly became a committed pro-lifer. This would later have a direct effect on my becoming a Catholic, because I got involved in the rescue movement in 1988, met several Catholics who actually knew and could defend their faith, started wondering about the contraception issue, and that started the \u201cconversion ball\u201d rolling for me.<\/span><\/p>\n From 1982 to 1986 I attended an Assembly of God church and the singles group there, where I met my wife Judy, got married in October 1984, made many friends (many of whom we still keep in contact with) and began my campus ministry. I met one of my very best friends, and kindred spirit,\u00a0Dan Grajek<\/span>, there. He and I collaborated, starting in 1985, on evangelistic<\/span>\u00a0\u201ccartoon<\/span>\u00a0tracts\u201d<\/span><\/a>\u00a0and did a great deal of street evangelism. Dan later returned to the Catholic Church and his wife Lori converted to Catholicism.<\/span><\/p>\n Also, during this period, I had some significant contact with Trinity Baptist Church, in Livonia, Michigan: a Reformed Baptist congregation that placed a great deal of emphasis on the typically Reformed, Schaefferian theme of \u201cJesus as Lord of all of life,\u201d and \u201cChrist and culture\u201d issues: the motif of the \u201cthinking Christian\u201d or \u201cthinking man\u2019s Christianity.\u201d This was another big influence on my Christian life.<\/span><\/p>\n My own theology was as much Baptist as anything else (and I had gotten \u201cbaptized\u201d in 1982 as a reflection of this belief; my real baptism having occurred as a baby in the Methodist church).\u00a0<\/span>Paul Patton<\/span><\/a>, who eventually became the pastor there, started\u00a0<\/span>Trinity House<\/span>\u00a0Theatre<\/span><\/a>\u00a0in 1981, which sought to produce distinctively Christian dramas. He had taught on occasion at Shalom House, and is now<\/span>\u00a0Associate Professor<\/span>\u00a0of Communication<\/span>\u00a0and Theater<\/span><\/a>\u00a0at Spring Arbor University on Michigan<\/span> (hear a talk he gave<\/span><\/a>\u00a0in the university chapel on 10-22-07, and another from<\/span>\u00a03-26-07<\/span><\/a>).<\/p>\n I was further blessed and \u201cconvicted\u201d in the early 1980s by the fiery, charismatic-style preaching of<\/span>\u00a0George<\/span>\u00a0<\/b>Bogle<\/span><\/a>\u00a0in Detroit (see also his<\/span>\u00a0Wikipedia<\/span>\u00a0entry<\/span><\/a>). He is an immensely respected and influential pastor and valiant prayer warrior, who is still active today. I did a radio talk on Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses (my only one of about a dozen, from my Protestant days) on the largest Protestant radio station in Detroit:<\/span>\u00a0WMUZ<\/a>\u00a0(103.5 FM): a show associated with his ministry, on 3 November 1989. Rev. Bogle is heard briefly at the end of the show. The same program remains on the air to this day<\/span> (hear some of the messages and listen live<\/span><\/a>: 12-3 AM EST weekday nights). The host was assistant pastor,<\/span>\u00a0Emery Moss, Jr.<\/span><\/a>, who is a friend of a Baptist friend of mine, Martin Smith, with whom I still keep in contact (his brother is Jerome Smith, author \/ editor of\u00a0<\/span>![\"Dave0788-2\"](\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/572\/2016\/02\/Dave0788-2.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\n
\nI greatly admire and respect conservative, orthodox Protestantism. I once was an evangelical Protestant, and praise God for that experience, which was exceedingly beneficial to my spiritual advancement and theological education. (2001)<\/span>
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\nDo we have a great deal of respect for Protestant pastors, ministers, clergymen? Absolutely. I certainly do. Some of the people I respect the most to this day are, for example, the pastor under whom I began my serious evangelical Christian walk with the Lord in 1977: (Lutheran) Pastor Dick Bieber in Detroit (now in Halifax, Nova Scotia) or\u00a0<\/span>Gus<\/span>\u00a0Flaherty<\/span><\/a>(Assemblies of God) who married us in 1984. I have immense admiration for Protestant pastors, most of whom are very godly men, devoted to the gospel and the spiritual edification and growth of their flock. I have lots of pastor friends as well (Baptists, independents, Anglican; you name it). I think I\u2019ve always shown a great deal of personal respect towards them. And I don\u2019t think my outlook is all that different (if at all) from other seriously committed Catholics that I know. (9-26-07)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
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