{"id":63651,"date":"2022-04-04T15:36:29","date_gmt":"2022-04-04T19:36:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/?p=63651"},"modified":"2022-04-04T19:24:10","modified_gmt":"2022-04-04T23:24:10","slug":"prophet-elisha-and-archaeology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2022\/04\/prophet-elisha-and-archaeology.html","title":{"rendered":"Prophet Elisha and Archaeology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<\/head>

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Elisha<\/a> was a biblical prophet and successor to the prophet Elijah<\/a>. According to the Jewish Virtual Library<\/em> (\u201cElisha\u201d<\/a>), he lived in the 9th century BC. His story can be found in the Bible starting with 1 Kings 19, and then 2 Kings, chapters 2-9, and 13. The Bible indicates (1 Kings 19:16 and 2 Kings 3) that he was anointed near the end of wicked King Ahab<\/a>\u2018s reign [c. 875-853 BC<\/a>], and began his ministry at the beginning of the reign of King Joram [aka Jehoram<\/a>] [c. 852-841<\/a>].<\/p>\n

Shalmaneser III<\/a> of Assyria wrote about a battle in 853 BC in which he defeated an alliance of a dozen kings \u2014 including Ahab \u2014 in the Battle of Qarqar<\/a>. This was recorded on the Kurkh Monoliths<\/a>, discovered in 1861. Ahab is also mentioned outside the Bible on the inscriptions of the Mesha Stele<\/a> from Moab (dated c. 840 BC). Likewise, Jehoram is extra-biblically attested in the Tel Dan Stele<\/a> (dated 870-750 BC).<\/p>\n

Elisha was from Abel-Meholah<\/a> (1 Ki 19:16). Archaeologists aren\u2019t exactly sure of its location, but they believe that they have likely identified its general area in ancient Israel, near the Jordan River, south of the Sea of Galilee.<\/p>\n

In 2013, at Tel Rehov<\/a>, in this region, a potsherd was discovered by the prominent Israeli archaeologist (of impeccable reputation), Amihai Mazar<\/a>, professor at the Institute of Archaeology of the\u00a0Hebrew University\u00a0of\u00a0Jerusalem. An article from Watch Jerusalem<\/em> (3-21-19) summarizes the find:<\/p>\n

A shard of pottery was discovered with ancient text written on it in red ink. The shard, along with the layer within which it was found, was dated to the middle-ninth century\u00a0b.c.e.<\/span> The ancient Hebrew script was damaged, yet still could be translated with virtually complete certainty as the name \u201cElisha.\u201d See below [illustration]: . . .<\/p>\n

Not only does the name parallel the biblical prophet, it also dates to the same time period that he lived. And it was found in an area where he spent much of his time (he was born only seven miles away, in a town named Abel-Meholah). The Bible states that Elisha spent\u00a0so\u00a0<\/em>much time in this area, that a couple living in nearby Shunem<\/a> were inspired to make a chamber in their house for him to stay in (2 Kings 4).<\/p>\n

Additionally, an inscription bearing the name \u201cNimshi<\/a>\u201d was found nearby (as well as a second \u201cNimshi\u201d inscription five miles away). Elisha told one of his disciples to go and anoint as king a man named Jehu, specifically telling him that Jehu<\/a> [r. c. 842-815 BC] was a descendant of Nimshi\u00a0<\/em>(2 Kings 9:1-3). So this name had significance to Elisha\u2019s record.<\/p>\n

Added to this ancillary evidence is the simple fact that, based on current knowledge, the name \u201cElisha\u201d was quite rare in ancient Israel\u2014thus, the chances of this being the prophet are even higher. (\u201cThe Biblical Prophets: Archaeological Evidence?\u201d<\/a>, by Christopher Eames)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Archaeologist Stephen Pfann<\/a> stated:<\/p>\n

With only six other people by the name of Elisha known in that time for a couple of centuries on either side, we can somehow believe that either there was just the luck that this holy man was also by the name of Elisha, or this was Elisha the prophet himself . . . (\u201cArcheologists Believe They Have Proof for the Prophet Elisha\u201d<\/a>, International Christian Embassy Jerusalem<\/em>, 7-25-13)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dr. Mazar himself described the find:<\/p>\n

I cannot say for sure this particular Elisha that we found is the biblical Elisha. \u201cYou know it\u2019s very difficult to say, but it is very tempting because it is exactly the period when Elisha acted \u2014 the second half of the 9th century BC. (Ibid<\/em><\/a>.)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Shunem, or Shunaam<\/a> (2 Ki 4:8), about 12-13 miles southwest of the Sea of Galilee, is where Elisha raised a boy from the dead (2 Ki 4:32-37). Tel Rehov is more directly south of the Sea of Galilee: about 15 miles away. Dothan is identified as a place visited by Elisha (2 Ki 6:13). It\u2019s about 25 miles southwest of the Sea of Galilee. Archaeologists agree that Tel Dothan<\/a> is the location of ancient Dothan. Most of the archaeological artifacts<\/a> found there date from the time of Elisha.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Practical Matters<\/em><\/strong>: Perhaps some of my 4,000+ free online articles (the most comprehensive \u201cone-stop\u201d Catholic apologetics site) or\u00a0fifty books<\/a>\u00a0have helped you (by God\u2019s grace) to decide to\u00a0become Catholic<\/a>\u00a0or to\u00a0return to the Church<\/a>,\u00a0or better understand some doctrines and\u00a0why<\/em>\u00a0we believe them<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Or you may believe my work is worthy to support for the purpose of apologetics and evangelism in general. If so, please seriously consider a much-needed financial contribution. I\u2019m always in need of more funds: especially\u00a0monthly<\/em>\u00a0support. \u201cThe laborer is worthy of his wages\u201d (1 Tim 5:18, NKJV). 1 December 2021 was my 20th anniversary as a\u00a0full-time Catholic apologist<\/a>,\u00a0and February 2022 marked the 25th anniversary of my blog.<\/p>\n

PayPal donations<\/a>\u00a0are the easiest: just send to my email address: apologistdave@gmail.com. You\u2019ll see the term \u201cCatholic Used Book Service\u201d, which is my old side-business. To learn about the different methods of contributing, including 100% tax deduction, etc., see my page:\u00a0About Catholic Apologist Dave Armstrong \/ Donation Information<\/a>.\u00a0Thanks a million<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0from the bottom of my heart!<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Photo credit:\u00a0<\/strong>Elijah Taken Up in a Chariot of Fire<\/em> [Elisha watching], by Giuseppe Angeli (1712-1798)<\/span> [public domain \/ National Gallery of Art<\/a>]<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Summary<\/em>: Archaeological evidence exists for the historicity of the prophet Elisha, who lived in the 9th century BC: as well as for two kings & another person of his time period.<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elisha was a biblical prophet and successor to the prophet Elijah. According to the Jewish Virtual Library (\u201cElisha\u201d), he lived in the 9th century BC. His story can be found in the Bible starting with 1 Kings 19, and then 2 Kings, chapters 2-9, and 13. The Bible indicates (1 Kings 19:16 and 2 Kings […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2331,"featured_media":63652,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[448],"tags":[15999,13772,13769,13766,13841,1662,170,171,1661,638,15987,16005,15990,1749,535,140,15993,16002,15996],"class_list":["post-63651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jews-judaism-old-testament","tag-amihai-mazar","tag-ancient-hebrews","tag-ancient-israelites","tag-ancient-jews","tag-archaeology-the-bible","tag-bible-archaeology","tag-bible-history","tag-bible-science","tag-biblical-accuracy","tag-biblical-archaeology","tag-elisha-archaeology","tag-elisha-and-archaeology","tag-elisha-the-prophet","tag-historical-accuracy-of-the-bible","tag-holy-bible","tag-infallibility","tag-prophet-elisha","tag-prophet-elisha-and-archaeology","tag-tel-rehov"],"yoast_head":"\nProphet Elisha and Archaeology Prophet Elisha and Archaeology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Elisha was a biblical prophet and successor to the prophet Elijah. 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Formerly a campus missionary, as a Protestant, Dave was received into the Catholic Church in February 1991, by the late, well-known catechist and theologian, Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave\u2019s articles have appeared in many influential Catholic periodicals, including \\\"This Rock\\\" (now called \\\"Catholic Answers Magazine\\\"), \\\"Envoy Magazine\\\" (Patrick Madrid), \\\"The Catholic Answer,\\\" \\\"The Coming Home Journal,\\\" \\\"Gilbert Magazine\\\" (American Chesterton Society), and \\\"The Latin Mass.\\\" He also writes a featured column for every issue of \\\"The Michigan Catholic\\\": published by the archdiocese of Detroit, and was editor for most of the apologetics tracts published by the St. Paul Street Evangelization apostolate. 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Chesterton\\\" (Saint Benedict Press \/ TAN Books: 2009). \\\"100 Biblical Arguments Against Sola Scriptura\\\" was published by Catholic Answers in May 2012. His \\\"Quotable Wesley\\\" compilation was published by (Protestant \/ Wesleyan publisher) Beacon Hill Press in April 2014. Several of his 49 books are bestsellers in their field. Dave maintains a popular personal Facebook page, a Facebook author page, and has a Twitter account as well. He offers almost all of his books in e-book form on his own Biblical Catholicism site (http:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/), at a permanent deep discount: only $2.99 for ePub, mobi, and AZW, and $1.99 for PDF. His writing has been enthusiastically endorsed or recommended by many leading Catholic apologists, authors, and priests, including Dr. Scott Hahn, Fr. Peter M. J. Stravinskas, Marcus Grodi, Patrick Madrid, Steve Ray, Tim Staples, Devin Rose, Mike Aquilina, Al Kresta, Karl Keating, Fr. Dwight Longenecker, Brandon Vogt, Marcellino D'Ambrosio, and Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave has been happily married to his wife Judy since October 1984. They have three sons and a daughter, and reside in southeast Michigan (metro Detroit).\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/\",\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/dave.armstrong.798\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@LuxVeritatisApologetics\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/author\/davearmstrong\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Prophet Elisha and Archaeology Prophet Elisha and Archaeology","description":"Elisha was a biblical prophet and successor to the prophet Elijah. According to the Jewish Virtual Library (\"Elisha\"), he lived in the 9th century BC. 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Formerly a campus missionary, as a Protestant, Dave was received into the Catholic Church in February 1991, by the late, well-known catechist and theologian, Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave\u2019s articles have appeared in many influential Catholic periodicals, including \"This Rock\" (now called \"Catholic Answers Magazine\"), \"Envoy Magazine\" (Patrick Madrid), \"The Catholic Answer,\" \"The Coming Home Journal,\" \"Gilbert Magazine\" (American Chesterton Society), and \"The Latin Mass.\" He also writes a featured column for every issue of \"The Michigan Catholic\": published by the archdiocese of Detroit, and was editor for most of the apologetics tracts published by the St. Paul Street Evangelization apostolate. Dave\u2019s apologetics and writing apostolate was the subject of a feature article in the May 2002 issue of \"Envoy Magazine.\" He served as the staff moderator at the Internet discussion forum for The Coming Home Network, from 2007-2010. Dave has been interviewed on many nationally syndicated Catholic radio shows, including \"Catholic Answers Live\" (twice), \"Faith and Family Live\" (Steve Wood), \"Kresta in the Afternoon,\" \"Son Rise Morning Show,\" \"Catholic Connection\" (Teresa Tomeo), and \"The Catholics Next Door.\" His large and popular website, \"Biblical Evidence for Catholicism,\" was online from March 1997 to March 2007, and received the 1998 Catholic Website of the Year award from \"Envoy Magazine.\" His blog of the same name (now transferred to Patheos), begun in February 2004, contains more than 1,500 papers, at least 500 debates or dialogues, and over 50 distinct \"index\" web pages. Unsolicited correspondence has indicated many hundreds of conversions (or returns) to the Catholic faith as a result, by God's grace, of these writings. Dave's conversion story was published in the bestselling book \"Surprised by Truth\" (edited by Patrick Madrid; San Diego: Basilica Press, 1994). Sophia Institute Press has published six of his books: \"A Biblical Defense of Catholicism\" (Foreword by Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J., 1996 \/ 2003), \"The Catholic Verses\" (2004), \"The One-Minute Apologist\" (2007), \"Bible Proofs for Catholic Truths\" (2009), \"The Quotable Newman\" (editor: 2012), and \"Proving the Catholic Faith is Biblical\" (2015). He is co-author (with Dr. Paul Thigpen) of the inserts for \"The New Catholic Answer Bible\" (Our Sunday Visitor: 2005), and editor for \"The Wisdom of Mr. Chesterton: The Very Best Quotes, Quips, and Cracks from the Pen of G. K. Chesterton\" (Saint Benedict Press \/ TAN Books: 2009). \"100 Biblical Arguments Against Sola Scriptura\" was published by Catholic Answers in May 2012. His \"Quotable Wesley\" compilation was published by (Protestant \/ Wesleyan publisher) Beacon Hill Press in April 2014. Several of his 49 books are bestsellers in their field. Dave maintains a popular personal Facebook page, a Facebook author page, and has a Twitter account as well. He offers almost all of his books in e-book form on his own Biblical Catholicism site (http:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/), at a permanent deep discount: only $2.99 for ePub, mobi, and AZW, and $1.99 for PDF. His writing has been enthusiastically endorsed or recommended by many leading Catholic apologists, authors, and priests, including Dr. Scott Hahn, Fr. Peter M. J. Stravinskas, Marcus Grodi, Patrick Madrid, Steve Ray, Tim Staples, Devin Rose, Mike Aquilina, Al Kresta, Karl Keating, Fr. Dwight Longenecker, Brandon Vogt, Marcellino D'Ambrosio, and Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave has been happily married to his wife Judy since October 1984. They have three sons and a daughter, and reside in southeast Michigan (metro Detroit).","sameAs":["https:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/dave.armstrong.798","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@LuxVeritatisApologetics"],"url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/author\/davearmstrong"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63651","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2331"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63651"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63651\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}