{"id":97156,"date":"2026-03-04T14:24:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-04T18:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/?p=97156"},"modified":"2026-03-04T14:24:00","modified_gmt":"2026-03-04T18:24:00","slug":"jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html","title":{"rendered":"Jesus the Unique Mediator + &#8220;Mini-Mediators&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Human Beings on Earth &amp; in Heaven, &amp; Angels Help to Spread God\u2019s Grace &amp; Salvation, Including Through Intercession<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_97159\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-97159\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/572\/2026\/03\/Revelation5.8SaintsPrayers.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-97159\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/572\/2026\/03\/Revelation5.8SaintsPrayers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"900\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-97159\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Photo credit<\/strong>: image related to Revelation 5:8 [Bible Art \/ \u201cFree to use for non-commercial purposes with attribution.\u201d]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The following exchange was formerly in the combox of the short video, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/Js0f9d45TKI\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span class=\"yt-core-attributed-string yt-core-attributed-string--white-space-pre-wrap\" role=\"text\">Did Peter, James, and John Speak to the<\/span> Dead?<\/a> (3-3-26, <em>Catholic Bible Highlights<\/em>). Words of Protestant commenter @el-dorado507 will be in <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">blue<\/span>. He was eventually banned as a troll. I wanted to preserve his comments as an example of how not to argue, but unfortunately when you ban someone on YouTube it wipes out their prior comments. I have preserved all of them here, in any event.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*****<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\">The whole point of the transfiguration was to point people to Christ not Moses and Elijah. Peter \u2014 like many of us \u2014 missed the point. This isn\u2019t opening the door to Roman seeking of saints, it\u2019s closing the door and pointing people to the Son. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> Matthew 17:5 (KJV) While he yet spake, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them: and behold a voice out of the cloud, which said, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased; <\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">hear ye him.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">What did the Son say ? Pray to God alone.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>None of which addresses the point I made there and throughout the longer video that this comes from . . .<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Notice what you said! Asking others to pray for us\u2014that\u2019s biblical. Not praying to dead people\u2014that\u2019s unbiblical. So I get you want to find your doctrine in Scripture but what is plain is plainly written. You are going to great means to not accept the plain meaning. By the way, there\u2019s a reason no one in scripture pleased God by praying to Abraham or Moses etc., etc.!! Just consider it and know sometimes we have to submit to God even over our pride and traditions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Can you find a teaching either implicit or explicit that communicates something other than the truth found in these clear verses? Can you find a man of God pleasing and obeying God by praying to a dead saint? <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> Matthew 6:6 \u2013 \u201cBut when you pray, go into your room and shut the door and pray to your Father who is in secret.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> \u2022 Explicitly teaches that prayer is addressed to God, not to humans or intermediaries. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> \u2022 1 Timothy 2:5 \u2013 \u201cFor there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"> \u2022 Clearly establishes that direct communication with God is the route for prayer, mediated only through Christ.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">These two verses understood properly shut the door on any other options for prayer. You can\u2019t find a way around this.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Your insinuation is: pray to (fill in the blank) instead of directly to God. If anything goes into the blank besides Christ you\u2019re in error.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Guys, where has a Saint who\u2019s gone before us prayed to other dead saints as mediums <span style=\"color: #000000;\">[sic]<\/span> and it pleased God? Where?<\/span><\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m glad you brought up Abraham. Jesus taught that prayer to him was perfectly permissible in Luke 16. This short is from a longer video that dealt with a specific question: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ps4wV4BKwRM&amp;t=575s\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u201cdoes God want contact between those in heaven and those on earth?\u201d<\/a> That\u2019s a key <em>premise<\/em> underneath prayer to saints, not<em> proof<\/em> of it. But it\u2019s used as a <em>supposed disproof<\/em> to wipe it out. So we did a \u201cdefeater of a failed defeater.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In Revelation 5:8 and 8:3-4 [I\u2019ll cite them below] the \u201celders\u201d (dead human beings) and an angel present \u201cprayers of the saints to God. What are they doing with them? Either God involves them n our prayers by delegation, or they have them because people asked them to pray to God.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">That\u2019s interesting. How does Luke 16 prove people on earth should pray to people on the other side? Was the man on earth who talked to Abraham or was he in the spiritual realm because he had died and moved on? <\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You\u2019re now comparing apples to oranges and you go to everything except clear passages dealing with prayer to attempt to prove the unprovable. Apples to oranges. If you want to prove that those in hell and heaven can communicate now you got something. Until then your case is not proving your point.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Find me an example where a saint on earth prayed to another saint in heaven and it pleases God? If it pleased God He would make it known. Why did nobody do this but you do do it?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">What Luke 16 proves (which is what I\u2019ve always claimed for it) is that there is such a thing as prayer to someone other than God (a thing that Protestants claim is unbiblical). The fact that the rich man is also in Hades is secondary and not germane to the point I am making.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">I\u2019ve been through these arguments literally a dozen times, through the years, because Protestants always make the same, tired, fallacious arguments every time.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Prayer to an angel is also explicitly taught in the Bible. Lot did that when he was leaving Sodom, and the angel granted his request that time. So it\u2019s a guy on earth praying to someone other than God (an angel) and his prayer is granted. <\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Matthew 6:6 \u2013 \u2018But when you pray, go into your room and shut the door and pray to your Father who is in secret.\u2019<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Explicitly teaches that prayer is addressed to God, not to humans or intermediaries.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You don\u2019t seem to understand syllogistic logic. It does teach that prayer is properly addressed to God. What it does <strong><em>not<\/em><\/strong> do is exclude prayer also to saints or angels. In order to undeniably, unanswerably do that it would have to say, \u201cpray <strong><em>only<\/em><\/strong> to your Father.\u201d If it said that, we wouldn\u2019t be having this conversation and this video wouldn\u2019t exist, because the Catholic Church would have never taught prayer to saints and angels.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">But as it is, Jesus taught prayer to a man, and Lot prayed to an angel, and there are several other indirect and deductive proofs, some of which I have mentioned in this combox.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You don\u2019t seem to understand one mediator ! <\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Let\u2019s play a game. <\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Bible says there is one mediator between God and man. <\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Bible: Man prays to God and Christ is the mediator. <\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You say: Man prays to God and (angels, other saints, Mary) are mediators. <\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Do you see why that\u2019s unbiblical? <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>No.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">It\u2019s because you\u2019ve ignored the fact there\u2019s only one mediator and added additional mediums <span style=\"color: #000000;\">[sic]<\/span>. That\u2019s called error!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Nope; it\u2019s called Protestant unbiblical \/either\/or\u201d false dichotomy thinking. You assume that the word \u201cmediator\u201d means \u2014 or includes within itself \u2014 the idea that all prayer must go through Jesus to the Father, but that isn\u2019t the context of the passage: which is that He is our only redeemer and savior. Moreover, this doesn\u2019t even harmonize with Jesus\u2019 own teachings on prayer, which is that we can and should pray directly to the Father [in the Lord\u2019s Prayer], as you yourself pointed out. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">None of that rules out asking dead saints and angels to intercede for us to the Father. Jesus taught that this was permissible in Luke 16. Lot\u2019s answered prayer to an angel shows it, too.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">The problem here is that you want to ignore or rationalize away parts of the Bible that you have decided beforehand that you don\u2019t want to agree with (which is heterodox, skeptical liberal theology), whereas Catholics believe in <em><strong>all<\/strong> <\/em>of the Bible, not just a few carefully selected and endlessly repeated cherry-picked verses.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Keep hanging around here and you will eventually pick up the ability to think and interpret the Bible biblically and consistently.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">You\u2019re reaching to prove something never taught by Scripture or example. Bible invites us to go boldly to God with our every supplication. I can\u2019t imagine why you would think to pray to anyone but God but you can fool around with it and find out.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Was this invitation offered before the cross? <\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> Hebrews 4:14-16 (KJV) 14 Seeing then that we have a great high priest, that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast [our] profession. 15 For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as [we are, yet] without sin. 16 Let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of need. <\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">We are in a totally new relationship now and you are trying to observe the old shadow that has be<\/span>en done away with at the cross. Please consider pushing people toward the one mediator who desires a relationship. Not towards angels and such.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You are conflating old and new covenant precepts. We have one mediator today. If you want to see prayer and mediation from the new covenant view it\u2019s one mediator. If you want many mediators go back to the old covenant. Which is what it seems you desire to do. Let\u2019s compare how things changed:<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Here are the key passages:<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">1\ufe0f\u20e3 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Angels as Mediators in Giving the Law<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Acts of the Apostles <\/span>7:53 <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Stephen says to the Jewish leaders:<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u201cYou who received the law as delivered by angels and did not keep it.\u201d<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">This indicates that angels were involved in delivering the Law.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u2e3b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Galatians 3:19<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Paul writes:<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u201cWhy then the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the offspring should come\u2026 and it was put in place through angels by a mediator.\u201d<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">This is the clearest statement. The Law:<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"> \u2022 Was ordained through angels<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"> \u2022 Was given by a mediator<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u2e3b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Hebrews 2:2<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u201cFor since the message declared by angels proved to be reliable\u2026\u201d<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">This refers to the Law as something spoken through angels.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u2e3b<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">2\ufe0f\u20e3 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Moses as the Mediator<\/span><\/span><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> The \u201cmediator\u201d mentioned in Galatians 3:19 is traditionally understood to be Moses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Deuteronomy 5:5<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Moses says:<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u201cI stood between the LORD and you at that time, to declare to you the word of the LORD\u2026\u201d<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">This explicitly describes Moses standing between God and the people \u2014 a mediatorial role.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u2e3b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Exodus 20:18\u201319<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">After God speaks at Sinai:<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u201cYou speak to us, and we will listen; but do not let God speak to us, lest we die.\u201d<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">The people ask Moses to act as their go-between.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u2e3b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Hebrews 3:2\u20136<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Moses is described as faithful in God\u2019s house, but contrasted with Christ, who is greater \u2014 implying Moses had a covenant leadership\/mediatorial function under the old covenant.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u2e3b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">3\ufe0f\u20e3 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Summary of the Biblical Picture<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Under the Old Covenant:<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"> \u2022 God \u2192 Angels \u2192 Moses \u2192 People<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">The Law was:<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"> \u2022 Ordained through angels (Acts 7:53; Gal. <\/span>3:19<span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">; Heb. 2:2)<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"> \u2022 Given through Moses as mediator (Deut. 5:5)<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">This sets up the contrast in:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">1 Timothy 2:5<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">\u201cFor there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.\u201d<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Unlike the Old Covenant (multiple layers), the New Covenant has one direct mediator \u2014 Christ.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>We <em>don\u2019t<\/em> [ultimately] pray to someone besides God. We ask departed saints and angels to intercede for us to God. Even when we say \u201cpray to saints\u201d this is what we mean. We simply don\u2019t think that the dead are no longer existence or don\u2019t care about people on earth. The Church is one in heaven and on earth.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">One mediator. End of the story. <\/span><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\">If you want to see prayer and mediation from the new covenant view it\u2019s one mediator.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">That\u2019s untrue, as these passages (that take place after Christ\u2019s death) prove:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Revelation 5:8<\/strong> (RSV) And when he had taken the scroll, the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders fell down before the Lamb, each holding a harp, and with golden bowls full of incense, which are the prayers of the saints;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Revelation 8:3-4<\/strong> And another angel came and stood at the altar with a golden censer; and he was given much incense to mingle with the prayers of all the saints upon the golden altar before the throne; [4] and the smoke of the incense rose with the prayers of the saints from the hand of the angel before God.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">So they are mediators of our prayers in some sense, contrary to your unbiblical traditions of men<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\">If you want many mediators go back to the old covenant.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You have missed many NT passages (RSV) that show human beings being mediators of God\u2019s grace, prayer, and even of salvation. Here are 16:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Romans 11:13-14<\/strong> . . . Inasmuch then as I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry [14] in order to make my fellow Jews jealous, and thus save some of them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>1 Corinthians 1:21<\/strong> For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, it pleased God through the folly of what we preach to save those who believe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>1 Corinthians 3:5<\/strong> What then is Apollos? What is Paul? Servants through whom you believed, as the Lord assigned to each.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>1 Corinthians 7:16<\/strong> Wife, how do you know whether you will save your husband? Husband, how do you know whether you will save your wife?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>1 Corinthians 9:22<\/strong> I have become all things to all men, that I might by all means save some.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>2 Corinthians 1:5-6<\/strong> For as we share abundantly in Christ\u2019s sufferings, so through Christ we share abundantly in comfort too. [6] If we are afflicted, it is for your comfort and salvation; and if we are comforted, it is for your comfort, which you experience when you patiently endure the same sufferings that we suffer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>2 Corinthians 4:15<\/strong> For it [his many sufferings: 4:8-12, 17] is all for your sake, so that as grace extends to more and more people it may increase thanksgiving, to the glory of God.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>2 Corinthians 5:20<\/strong> So we are ambassadors for Christ, God making his appeal through us. . . . <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Ephesians 3:2<\/strong> assuming that you have heard of the stewardship of God\u2019s grace that was given to me for you . . .<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Philippians 1:7<\/strong> . . . I hold you in my heart, for you are all partakers with me of grace, both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Colossians 1:24<\/strong> Now I rejoice in my sufferings for your sake, and in my flesh I complete what is lacking in Christ\u2019s afflictions for the sake of his body, that is, the church,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>1 Timothy 4:16<\/strong> Take heed to yourself and to your teaching: hold to that, for by so doing you will save both yourself and your hearers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>2 Timothy 2:10<\/strong> Therefore I endure everything for the sake of the elect, that they also may obtain salvation in Christ Jesus with its eternal glory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>James 5:19-20<\/strong> My brethren, if any one among you wanders from the truth and some one brings him back, [20] let him know that whoever brings back a sinner from the error of his way will save his soul from death and will cover a multitude of sins.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>1 Peter 3:1<\/strong> Likewise you wives, be submissive to your husbands, so that some, though they do not obey the word, may be won without a word by the behavior of their wives<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Revelation 1:4<\/strong> . . . Grace to you and peace from him who is and who was and who is to come, and from the seven spirits who are before his throne,<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">That\u2019s an awful lot of Bible to ignore and contradict, in your confident but deluded proclamations of what the Bible supposedly teaches. You have a <strong><em>lot<\/em><\/strong> to learn about the Bible and it\u2019s theology. You\u2019re only at the \u201cmilk\u201d stage. That\u2019s okay. We all learn all the time. But the first step is to admit that we don\u2019t know everything.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You seem to overlook the word grace has different meanings depending on context. Just like the word justified or righteousness can have different meanings based on context. Running all over the place cherry picking verses out of context is not disproving the truth that Christ is the one mediator between God and man. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">It\u2019s \u201csystematic theology.\u201d Look it up. If we Catholics provide no Bible, then we\u2019re accused of being biblically illiterate. If we provide some 25 passages or more, as I have in this discussion, then we\u2019re accused of misinterpreting, taking out of context, and\/or \u201ccherry-picking.\u201d<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">The latter is what <strong><em>you<\/em><\/strong> have clearly been doing. \u201c1 Timothy 2:5, and did I forget about 1 Timothy 2:5, and oh, by the way, 1 Timothy 2:5 . . . \u201d We never denied it in the first place, so its perfectly irrelevant to keep repeating it. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You see only this and related passages; you utterly ignore mine or on the rare occasion when you do comment on one in passing, you immediately dismiss it or try to change the meaning so your false theology can survive the contact.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">I didn\u2019t deny that Christ is the one mediator. Catholics don\u2019t. Of course He is. My point is that this doesn\u2019t rule out secondary mediators. <em><strong>You<\/strong><\/em> deny the latter; Scripture does not. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">I gave the evidence and now you want to ignore it and go back to platitudes and slogans, and putting your head in the sand, so that you don\u2019t have to interact with 17 relevant passages. It\u2019s pathetic. And it\u2019s all classic anti-Catholic behavior and methodology. It\u2019s not honest, open-minded theological discussion or exegesis. You refuse to seriously discuss any Bible text except for the ones you bring up and endlessly drone on about.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Paul is not a mediator of grace in the same way God saves by grace. Good grief!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>We never said he was. He and many others \u2014 indeed, potentially all of us \u2014 are mini-mediators. We participate in the spread of God\u2019s grace and salvation, in a secondary manner, compared to Jesus being of course the primary and ultimate mediator. It\u2019s just like prayer: dead saints and angels can assist with mediatory prayer and intercession; all the prayer always ultimately ends up going to God and is answered, or not answered by Him. This is the Bible\u2019s teaching.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Consider what you are instructing people to do vs what Jesus instructs His people to do? You are not in agreement with Christ, sir! <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m the one who has brought up all kinds of Scripture that you ignore. Then you falsely accuse and misrepresent what I am arguing. That\u2019s the devil\u2019s method (accuse and distort), not a serious, honest, open discussion about Christian theology and exegesis.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Jesus instructed his disciples to pray directly to the Father (Matthew 6:9). Never to anyone else. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">He did the first, not the second (see Luke 16). The two aren\u2019t mutually exclusive. This is your problem: the typical Protestant \u201ceither\/or and false dichotomy unbiblical mentality. You don\u2019t even think logically, before we even get to exegetical and theological issues.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">If you had the superior and more biblical view, you would interact with my arguments. But you don\u2019t do the latter, so this disproves the former. It\u2019s a classic display that our viewers and readers of the comboxes can learn a great deal from: to<em><strong> not<\/strong> <\/em>argue and think as you do, because it\u2019s contrary to the Bible.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Conclusion\u2014why are you pointing people to other mediators?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Because the Bible does. Period. End of story. Case closed.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">You know exactly what I mean by cherry picking incorrectly and changing context. If you want to pick two verses that teach the same content; that\u2019s perfectly fine. You don\u2019t like one mediator, I do. It\u2019s simple. You reject it. I don\u2019t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You brought up the witch of Endor and a seance to prove your point. You think that is God teaching us to pray through other mediators. Sir, c\u2019mon now ! This whole thing you are doing is not supported by anyone in Scripture. Not one disciple ever did what you want people to do. <\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">I just encourage you to stop.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Once again, you distort and misrepresent what we contended. When this started in the combox of the longer video, your original claim was that we deliberately ignored the fact that a seance was involved and tried to hide that fact, in order to make our argument. At least you acknowledged that after I corrected you,\u00a0 and edited your comment. The following is what we contended in the video (I cite my transcript upon which it was based):<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Saul spoke to the prophet Samuel after he died (<strong>1 Samuel 28:3-25<\/strong>). It occurred in conjunction with a forbidden seance, but nevertheless, the real Samuel appeared and gave a true prophecy: that Saul would die the next day. If God absolutely forbade any such contact, then Samuel simply wouldn\u2019t have appeared. Samuel\u2019s appearance itself is obviously not forbidden because if God didn\u2019t will that, it wouldn\u2019t have happened. How Saul and the medium attempted to \u201cbring him up\u201d was what was grave sin. That\u2019s all a given. But it doesn\u2019t overcome the force of the argument, because it works in the same way that the rich man and Abraham works (for the purpose of this argument). A dead person is petitioned \/ prayed to. This violates the Protestant tenet that we are to pray to \/ invoke no one but God. Abraham never said that the rich man shouldn\u2019t petition him. He refused the petition (a different thing) because it violated God\u2019s will. . . .<br>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Because many Protestants don\u2019t like the idea of <em>any contact at all<\/em>\u00a0between living and dead \/ those in the afterlife (i.e., departed from this life but still alive in terms of conscious and eternal existence), they make out that \u201cSamuel\u201d in the story was merely an impersonating demon.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Summing up, I wrote in the other combox:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>No one is sanctioning the occult or approving of Saul seeking the medium. We made that very clear in the video. The question of whether a dead saint can be prayed to is distinct, as we made very clear also. Saul petitioned the real Samuel and Samuel never said he shouldn\u2019t do so. He merely refused the petition because it was against God\u2019s will.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"small-emoji emoji style-scope yt-formatted-string\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/s\/gaming\/emoji\/7ff574f2\/emoji_u1f602.png\" alt=\"\ufffd\"><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">. <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Pray through a witch to Samuel, get killed. Okay.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Then you made this biblically absurd argument that Moses used to mediate through prayer and now supposedly no one does that because Jesus is our mediator? That directly contradicts the inspired Scripture in James:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>James 5:13-18<\/strong> Is any one among you suffering? Let him pray. Is any cheerful? Let him sing praise. [14] Is any among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord; [15] and the prayer of faith will save the sick man, and the Lord will raise him up; and if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven. [16] Therefore confess your sins to one another, and pray for one another, that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous man has great power in its effects. [17] Eli\u2019jah was a man of like nature with ourselves and he prayed fervently that it might not rain, and for three years and six months it did not rain on the earth. [18] Then he prayed again and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth its fruit.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">James is not saying pray to dead people, dude.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The Bible has taught from beginning to end (Genesis to Revelation) that prayers of more righteous people have more effect, so that if we really want to get an answer from God, and His aid, we ought to find the most righteous person we can find and ask him or her to pray for us to God. That was Moses and Abraham and Samuel and Jeremiah in the Old Testament, and it\u2019s the same in the new, with James illustrating the principle through the example of Elijah stopping the rain for three-and-a-half years. I proved the principle with scores of passages:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2023\/06\/bible-on-the-power-of-prayers-of-the-righteous.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Bible on the Power of Prayers of the Righteous<\/a> [11-16-22]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Absurd argument? I gave you exactly what the Bible said. <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"small-emoji emoji style-scope yt-formatted-string\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/s\/gaming\/emoji\/7ff574f2\/emoji_u1f602.png\" alt=\"\ufffd\"><\/p>\n<p>[the two \u201claugh till you cry\u201d icons were his]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You have a choice. Either start interacting with all the Scripture I have provided<em><strong> now<\/strong><\/em>, and make rational counter-arguments, and stop repeating your inanities over and over, or you\u2019ll be banned as a troll. My patience isn\u2019t infinite, and I\u2019ve never suffered fools and closed-minded people easily. <\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You have <em>one hour<\/em> to start making those sorts of normal replies to my arguments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">I\u2019ve replied from Scripture. You are saying praying to a witch and getting killed for breaking God\u2019s law given to Israel is proof we should pray to dead people. I don\u2019t think you are making a stable argument. . . . Threatening to ban me is childish.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u201cThreatening\u201d<\/span> to ban a loud-mouthed, pompous troll who repeatedly refuses to interact with the people who host the very combox he is participating in, with insults, and endless repetitions of fallacious or irrelevant material, is standard Internet protocol for trolls. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">Everyone agrees with that, just as 99% of people would never countenance a boor who \u2014 like an obnoxious salesman who won\u2019t shut up \u2014 came into their home, dominated the conversation, and insulted their deepest religious beliefs, while neither listening to them nor interacting with their reasoning. That\u2019s rude, insufferable behavior, and no one puts up with it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You have literally lied about and distorted our very arguments over and over, and do so again now, You won\u2019t interact. You won\u2019t learn anything. Your only useful purpose here is to be an example of the worst ways to conduct a \u201cdiscussion\u201d and how <em>not<\/em> to defend one\u2019s own view.<\/span> <span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">You have 30 minutes to start truly interacting with my arguments, as opposed to distorting what they even <em>are<\/em> and ignoring my real contentions and spouting your erroneous talking points for the 28th time.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Proverbs 26:4-5<\/strong> Answer not a fool according to his folly, lest you be like him yourself. [5] Answer a fool according to his folly, lest he be wise in his own eyes.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\">I applied 26:5 up till now. Unless something drastically changes in the next half-hour, I\u2019ll be applying 26:4 and saving everyone else here from more of your imbecilic inanities as well.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">I\u2019m not understanding how my going to Scripture to prove an error<\/span> [sic] <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">makes me unscriptural. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"style-scope yt-formatted-string\" dir=\"auto\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> Regardless, you\u2019ve become triggered. Let\u2019s calm down.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Time\u2019s up. See ya and may God bless you and open up your eyes to see and your ears to hear. But even He can\u2019t and won\u2019t do that if you don\u2019t allow it and refuse to cooperate. He respects human free will choices too much to force anyone to do the right thing.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p><strong>Photo credit<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/bible.art\/terms-of-service#intellectual-property\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">image related to Revelation 5:8<\/a> [<a href=\"https:\/\/bible.art\/p\/9M5Lc39k0lI3lxzRV91u\/revelation-5-8-a-majestic-and-reverent\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Bible Art<\/a> \/ \u201cFree to use for non-commercial purposes with attribution.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/bible.art\/terms-of-service#intellectual-property\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">See terms<\/a>.]<\/p>\n<p><em>Summary<\/em>: God often decides to utilize human beings and angels as secondary, non-essential \u201cmini-mediators\u201d to accomplish His purposes, in terms of grace, prayer, &amp; even salvation itself.<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Human Beings on Earth &amp; in Heaven, &amp; Angels Help to Spread God\u2019s Grace &amp; Salvation, Including Through Intercession \u00a0 The following exchange was formerly in the combox of the short video, Did Peter, James, and John Speak to the Dead? (3-3-26, Catholic Bible Highlights). Words of Protestant commenter @el-dorado507 will be in blue. He [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2331,"featured_media":97159,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[206,50],"tags":[3430,2099,3431,243,2098,1207],"class_list":["post-97156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saints-purgatory-penance","category-salvation-justification","tag-1-timothy-25","tag-co-workers-with-god","tag-mini-mediators","tag-soteriology-2","tag-synergism","tag-synergy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Jesus the Unique Mediator + &quot;Mini-Mediators&quot;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"God often decides to utilize human beings and angels as secondary, non-essential &quot;mini-mediators&quot; to accomplish His purposes, in terms of grace, prayer, &amp; even salvation itself.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jesus the Unique Mediator + &quot;Mini-Mediators&quot;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"God often decides to utilize human beings and angels as secondary, non-essential &quot;mini-mediators&quot; 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Formerly a campus missionary, as a Protestant, Dave was received into the Catholic Church in February 1991, by the late, well-known catechist and theologian, Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave\u2019s articles have appeared in many influential Catholic periodicals, including \\\"This Rock\\\" (now called \\\"Catholic Answers Magazine\\\"), \\\"Envoy Magazine\\\" (Patrick Madrid), \\\"The Catholic Answer,\\\" \\\"The Coming Home Journal,\\\" \\\"Gilbert Magazine\\\" (American Chesterton Society), and \\\"The Latin Mass.\\\" He also writes a featured column for every issue of \\\"The Michigan Catholic\\\": published by the archdiocese of Detroit, and was editor for most of the apologetics tracts published by the St. Paul Street Evangelization apostolate. Dave\u2019s apologetics and writing apostolate was the subject of a feature article in the May 2002 issue of \\\"Envoy Magazine.\\\" He served as the staff moderator at the Internet discussion forum for The Coming Home Network, from 2007-2010. Dave has been interviewed on many nationally syndicated Catholic radio shows, including \\\"Catholic Answers Live\\\" (twice), \\\"Faith and Family Live\\\" (Steve Wood), \\\"Kresta in the Afternoon,\\\" \\\"Son Rise Morning Show,\\\" \\\"Catholic Connection\\\" (Teresa Tomeo), and \\\"The Catholics Next Door.\\\" His large and popular website, \\\"Biblical Evidence for Catholicism,\\\" was online from March 1997 to March 2007, and received the 1998 Catholic Website of the Year award from \\\"Envoy Magazine.\\\" His blog of the same name (now transferred to Patheos), begun in February 2004, contains more than 1,500 papers, at least 500 debates or dialogues, and over 50 distinct \\\"index\\\" web pages. Unsolicited correspondence has indicated many hundreds of conversions (or returns) to the Catholic faith as a result, by God's grace, of these writings. Dave's conversion story was published in the bestselling book \\\"Surprised by Truth\\\" (edited by Patrick Madrid; San Diego: Basilica Press, 1994). Sophia Institute Press has published six of his books: \\\"A Biblical Defense of Catholicism\\\" (Foreword by Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J., 1996 \/ 2003), \\\"The Catholic Verses\\\" (2004), \\\"The One-Minute Apologist\\\" (2007), \\\"Bible Proofs for Catholic Truths\\\" (2009), \\\"The Quotable Newman\\\" (editor: 2012), and \\\"Proving the Catholic Faith is Biblical\\\" (2015). He is co-author (with Dr. Paul Thigpen) of the inserts for \\\"The New Catholic Answer Bible\\\" (Our Sunday Visitor: 2005), and editor for \\\"The Wisdom of Mr. Chesterton: The Very Best Quotes, Quips, and Cracks from the Pen of G. K. Chesterton\\\" (Saint Benedict Press \/ TAN Books: 2009). \\\"100 Biblical Arguments Against Sola Scriptura\\\" was published by Catholic Answers in May 2012. His \\\"Quotable Wesley\\\" compilation was published by (Protestant \/ Wesleyan publisher) Beacon Hill Press in April 2014. Several of his 49 books are bestsellers in their field. Dave maintains a popular personal Facebook page, a Facebook author page, and has a Twitter account as well. He offers almost all of his books in e-book form on his own Biblical Catholicism site (http:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/), at a permanent deep discount: only $2.99 for ePub, mobi, and AZW, and $1.99 for PDF. His writing has been enthusiastically endorsed or recommended by many leading Catholic apologists, authors, and priests, including Dr. Scott Hahn, Fr. Peter M. J. Stravinskas, Marcus Grodi, Patrick Madrid, Steve Ray, Tim Staples, Devin Rose, Mike Aquilina, Al Kresta, Karl Keating, Fr. Dwight Longenecker, Brandon Vogt, Marcellino D'Ambrosio, and Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave has been happily married to his wife Judy since October 1984. They have three sons and a daughter, and reside in southeast Michigan (metro Detroit).\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/author\/davearmstrong\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Jesus the Unique Mediator + \"Mini-Mediators\"","description":"God often decides to utilize human beings and angels as secondary, non-essential \"mini-mediators\" to accomplish His purposes, in terms of grace, prayer, & even salvation itself.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Jesus the Unique Mediator + \"Mini-Mediators\"","og_description":"God often decides to utilize human beings and angels as secondary, non-essential \"mini-mediators\" to accomplish His purposes, in terms of grace, prayer, & even salvation itself.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html","og_site_name":"Biblical Evidence for Catholicism","article_published_time":"2026-03-04T18:24:00+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1024,"url":"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/572\/2026\/03\/Revelation5.8SaintsPrayers.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Dave Armstrong","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Dave Armstrong","Est. reading time":"16 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html","name":"Jesus the Unique Mediator + \"Mini-Mediators\"","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-03-04T18:24:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-04T18:24:00+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/#\/schema\/person\/471eaa20e441eca4bb1ea50393cf632e"},"description":"God often decides to utilize human beings and angels as secondary, non-essential \"mini-mediators\" to accomplish His purposes, in terms of grace, prayer, & even salvation itself.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/2026\/03\/jesus-the-unique-mediator-mini-mediators.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Jesus the Unique Mediator + &#8220;Mini-Mediators&#8221;"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/","name":"Biblical Evidence for Catholicism","description":"Catholic biblical apologetics","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/#\/schema\/person\/471eaa20e441eca4bb1ea50393cf632e","name":"Dave Armstrong","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/820e6db89734ae7a9e5dac8d498f5ac7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/820e6db89734ae7a9e5dac8d498f5ac7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Dave Armstrong"},"description":"Dave Armstrong is a Catholic author and apologist, who has been actively proclaiming and defending Christianity since 1981, and Catholicism in particular since 1991 (full-time since December 2001). Formerly a campus missionary, as a Protestant, Dave was received into the Catholic Church in February 1991, by the late, well-known catechist and theologian, Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave\u2019s articles have appeared in many influential Catholic periodicals, including \"This Rock\" (now called \"Catholic Answers Magazine\"), \"Envoy Magazine\" (Patrick Madrid), \"The Catholic Answer,\" \"The Coming Home Journal,\" \"Gilbert Magazine\" (American Chesterton Society), and \"The Latin Mass.\" He also writes a featured column for every issue of \"The Michigan Catholic\": published by the archdiocese of Detroit, and was editor for most of the apologetics tracts published by the St. Paul Street Evangelization apostolate. Dave\u2019s apologetics and writing apostolate was the subject of a feature article in the May 2002 issue of \"Envoy Magazine.\" He served as the staff moderator at the Internet discussion forum for The Coming Home Network, from 2007-2010. Dave has been interviewed on many nationally syndicated Catholic radio shows, including \"Catholic Answers Live\" (twice), \"Faith and Family Live\" (Steve Wood), \"Kresta in the Afternoon,\" \"Son Rise Morning Show,\" \"Catholic Connection\" (Teresa Tomeo), and \"The Catholics Next Door.\" His large and popular website, \"Biblical Evidence for Catholicism,\" was online from March 1997 to March 2007, and received the 1998 Catholic Website of the Year award from \"Envoy Magazine.\" His blog of the same name (now transferred to Patheos), begun in February 2004, contains more than 1,500 papers, at least 500 debates or dialogues, and over 50 distinct \"index\" web pages. Unsolicited correspondence has indicated many hundreds of conversions (or returns) to the Catholic faith as a result, by God's grace, of these writings. Dave's conversion story was published in the bestselling book \"Surprised by Truth\" (edited by Patrick Madrid; San Diego: Basilica Press, 1994). Sophia Institute Press has published six of his books: \"A Biblical Defense of Catholicism\" (Foreword by Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J., 1996 \/ 2003), \"The Catholic Verses\" (2004), \"The One-Minute Apologist\" (2007), \"Bible Proofs for Catholic Truths\" (2009), \"The Quotable Newman\" (editor: 2012), and \"Proving the Catholic Faith is Biblical\" (2015). He is co-author (with Dr. Paul Thigpen) of the inserts for \"The New Catholic Answer Bible\" (Our Sunday Visitor: 2005), and editor for \"The Wisdom of Mr. Chesterton: The Very Best Quotes, Quips, and Cracks from the Pen of G. K. Chesterton\" (Saint Benedict Press \/ TAN Books: 2009). \"100 Biblical Arguments Against Sola Scriptura\" was published by Catholic Answers in May 2012. His \"Quotable Wesley\" compilation was published by (Protestant \/ Wesleyan publisher) Beacon Hill Press in April 2014. Several of his 49 books are bestsellers in their field. Dave maintains a popular personal Facebook page, a Facebook author page, and has a Twitter account as well. He offers almost all of his books in e-book form on his own Biblical Catholicism site (http:\/\/biblicalcatholicism.com\/), at a permanent deep discount: only $2.99 for ePub, mobi, and AZW, and $1.99 for PDF. His writing has been enthusiastically endorsed or recommended by many leading Catholic apologists, authors, and priests, including Dr. Scott Hahn, Fr. Peter M. J. Stravinskas, Marcus Grodi, Patrick Madrid, Steve Ray, Tim Staples, Devin Rose, Mike Aquilina, Al Kresta, Karl Keating, Fr. Dwight Longenecker, Brandon Vogt, Marcellino D'Ambrosio, and Fr. John A. Hardon, S. J. Dave has been happily married to his wife Judy since October 1984. They have three sons and a daughter, and reside in southeast Michigan (metro Detroit).","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/author\/davearmstrong"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97156","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2331"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97156"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97156\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/97159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97156"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97156"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/davearmstrong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97156"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}