{"id":1480,"date":"2015-03-10T16:23:26","date_gmt":"2015-03-10T22:23:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admin.patheos.com\/blogs\/janetheactuary\/?p=1480"},"modified":"2016-08-16T09:53:38","modified_gmt":"2016-08-16T15:53:38","slug":"from-the-library-social-security-works-by-nancy-j-altman-and-eric-r-kingson","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/janetheactuary\/2015\/03\/from-the-library-social-security-works-by-nancy-j-altman-and-eric-r-kingson.html","title":{"rendered":"From the library:  Social Security Works! by Nancy J. Altman and Eric R. Kingson"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p>The subtitle to the book pretty much says it all, \u201cWhy Social Security Isn\u2019t Going Broke and How Expanding It Will Help Us All\u201d \u2014 that is, communicates the authors\u2019 opinions, not my own. \u00a0The book is an extended argument that Social Security is doing just fine, thank you very much, and the only changes to be made are to expand the benefit levels and types and expand revenue sources. \u00a0(Some of what follows is based on my notes prior to returning the book, so some details are missing.)<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ll skip a lot of their material. \u00a0Let\u2019s start with major point of the book, their proposal, which they call the Social Security Works All Generations Plan \u2013 because they are writing as a part of an advocacy group called Social Security Works, and the plan is called the All Generations Plan, because they add in benefits for all age groups.<\/p>\n<p>The plan\u2019s benefit increases:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Increase benefits for all current and future beneficiaries by 10%, up to maximum of $150\/month (which, of course, just makes\u00a0the formula even more confusing)<\/li>\n<li>Adopt the CPI-E rather than CPI-U (that is, an inflation measure that starts with an \u201celderly\u201d basket of goods rather than generic urban wage-earner spending)<\/li>\n<li>Provide a minimum benefit of 125% of poverty for all workers with 30 years of work history, at full retirement age.<\/li>\n<li>Provide 12 weeks of paid family leave for birth or adoption of a child, or illness of worker or family member (I don\u2019t have noted the precise benefit formula).<\/li>\n<li>Credit up to 5 years of notional work history for caring for a child under age 6 (at, I think, an average wage for the year).<\/li>\n<li>Maintain dependent benefits up to age 22 rather than 18 for children whose parents are deceased or disabled (promoted as a pro-college-attendance device).<\/li>\n<li>Provide $1,000 upon birth or adoption of a child<\/li>\n<li>Eliminate the Family Maximum benefit when a Social Security recipient has a disabled adult child, but that child doesn\u2019t live at home<\/li>\n<li>Provide disabled widow\/er benefits even for those below age 50 or who hadn\u2019t been married 7 years, and do not reduce the benefits as currently occurs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>How is all this to be paid for? \u00a0With a series of new taxes, of course.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Eliminate taxable wage base by applying Social Security taxes to all income. \u00a0(I think in their plan the highest, and smallest accrual rate continues to be applied; in other similar plans, the accrual rate is reduced even further, down to 5%.)<\/li>\n<li>Add an extra 10% tax on income above $1 million, dedicated to Social Security<\/li>\n<li>All wage income to be subject to Social Security, even in salary reduction plans (I\u2019m not sure whether they\u2019re referring to certain executive salary-deferral plans, in which income is not taxed because it\u2019s just the promise of future income, which, if the company goes bankrupt, vanishes; or if they\u2019re referring to taxing the value of pre-tax employer benefits like health insurance.)<\/li>\n<li>Increase contribution rate from 6.2% to 7.2% on each of employers and employees.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There are two non-tax proposals:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Invest 40% of Trust Fund in equities (which means that the government would rob Peter to pay Paul, by issuing\u00a0the equivalent amount of government bonds in order to get the cash to put into equity investments).<\/li>\n<li>Combine Retirement and Disability Trust Funds, that is, an accounting device to avoid the problem of coming depletion of the latter fund.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Even with these new taxes, how do they justify increasing Social Security benefits? \u00a0To begin with, they cite the comparatively reasonable growth of Social Security as a percent of GDP, which is projected to increase from 4.94% in 2015 to 6.08% in 2085 (graph, p. 125). \u00a0That is a significant increase, but a lot more moderate than either the increase as percent of Social Security-taxable wages, or the increase in healthcare spending (Medicare and the portion of Medicaid spent on the elderly).<\/p>\n<p>As to the latter issue, they simply announce that we simply need to \u201cmake\u201d medical costs as cheap in various European countries and our problem will be solved. \u00a0(Gee, why hasn\u2019t anyone else thought of that?) \u00a0Given that Medicare and Medicaid are already single-payer, oft-cited as the miracle cure to healthcare-cost woes, anyone who in the space of a paragraph or two declares this problem to be \u201csolved\u201d loses credibility.<\/p>\n<p>And what about the very real Old Age Dependency Ratio? \u00a0They discard demographic issues with the magic word \u201cproductivity\u201d \u2014 as well as the statement that the old-age dependency ratio may be bad, but the overall dependency ratio, taking into account the under 20s and the over 65s, is still fine, based on the following table, in which the number of dependents in 2065 is still lower than in 1965:<\/p>\n<p>1965 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 94<\/p>\n<p>1980 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a075<\/p>\n<p>1995 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a071<\/p>\n<p>2010 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 67<\/p>\n<p>2035 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 85<\/p>\n<p>2065 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a086<\/p>\n<p>(p. 171)<\/p>\n<p>Never mind that retirees are a more costly sort of dependent than children \u2014 sure, children require schooling, but that\u2019s a fair bit cheaper than living costs plus medical costs for retirees, isn\u2019t it?<\/p>\n<p>How even-handed are they? \u00a0The highly partisan rhetoric is so well illustrated by Chapter 9\u2019s title, \u201cThe Billionaires\u2019 War Against Social Security,\u201d that it\u2019s not really worth pulling particular further examples.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s my biggest, bottom-line complaint, which I\u2019ll address further in a later post:<\/p>\n<p>The authors\u00a0want to have it both ways. \u00a0They praise Social Security as an \u201cinsurance\u201d program in which everybody earns their benefits and pays their way, similar to private insurance. \u00a0But at the same time, they repeatedly use rhetoric that the wealthy need to pay their \u201cfair\u201d (and disproportionately larger) share in order to provide bigger benefits for everyone else.<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The subtitle to the book pretty much says it all, \u201cWhy Social Security Isn\u2019t Going Broke and How Expanding It Will Help Us All\u201d \u2014 that is, communicates the authors\u2019 opinions, not my own. \u00a0The book is an extended argument that Social Security is doing just fine, thank you very much, and the only changes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2209,"featured_media":1386,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[450],"tags":[10,54],"class_list":["post-1480","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actuarial","tag-from-the-library","tag-social-security"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>From the library: Social Security Works! by Nancy J. 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