{"id":4150,"date":"2015-10-04T14:33:55","date_gmt":"2015-10-04T19:33:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admin.patheos.com\/blogs\/jenniferfitz\/?p=4150"},"modified":"2015-10-06T09:52:43","modified_gmt":"2015-10-06T14:52:43","slug":"whats-the-story-behind-the-flooding-in-south-carolina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/jenniferfitz\/2015\/10\/whats-the-story-behind-the-flooding-in-south-carolina\/","title":{"rendered":"What&#8217;s the Story Behind the Flooding in South Carolina? #scflood"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p>If you are following the news, you know that <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wistv.com\/story\/30178010\/flooding-closes-some-roads-in-newberry-county\" target=\"_blank\" class=\" decorated-link\" rel=\"nofollow\">South Carolina\u2019s been hit with epic flooding this weekend<\/a>. \u00a0We are resisting the urge to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wistv.com\/story\/30181399\/sheriff-sightseers-force-issue-of-curfew-in-clarendon-co\" target=\"_blank\" class=\" decorated-link\" rel=\"nofollow\">go out looking for too much trouble<\/a>, so I refer you to the wonders of other parts of the internet for the big dramatic photos. \u00a0Meanwhile, a tutorial on why we are inundated so dramatically, when there\u2019s not even a real hurricane experience going on or anything.<\/p>\n<h2>We Don\u2019t Get This Weather<\/h2>\n<p>Because I live on high ground, even as the state is descended into a true emergency, our street has fewer puddles than usual. \u00a0South Carolina gets storms \u2014 intense rain that drops in a giant bucket in a matter of minutes, or sometimes hours or days. \u00a0The stormwater systems are optimized for moving the odd deluge out to sea in one big gulp, except of course for the amusing puddle system that gives us something to talk about in the hot, 105% humidity mugginess that follows a heavy storm.<\/p>\n<p>What we don\u2019t get is the kind of steady wetness for weeks on end that\u2019s killing all the drought-resistant cultivars and causing mushrooms to cover even the reputable lawns:<\/p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG 2355\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BZeW3yt7CJs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<p>What we have is a stormwater system that essentially depends on the last storm being long gone before the next one shows up. \u00a099% of the time, it\u2019s a system that works well enough. \u00a0We get \u201cflooding\u201d but that just means \u201creally big puddles.\u201d \u00a0What you are seeing on the news is stuff we never, ever see.<\/p>\n<p>Down on the coast, of course, you\u2019ve got miles and miles of swamps and lowlands, so it\u2019s not the world\u2019s biggest surprise that rain = floods. \u00a0In the uplands, though, to understand why we\u2019re getting catastrophic flooding, you need to understand the pond-dam system.<\/p>\n<h2>What does a working pond look like?<\/h2>\n<p>Here\u2019s a video of drainage pond at work:<\/p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG 2353\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QrtrwrWn1pI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<p>Run-off from everything is channeled into drainage ditches, which feed a pond. \u00a0The pond is a built-structure. \u00a0It\u2019s something someone dug out on low(er) ground as a collection point for rainwater. \u00a099.9% of the time, it provides a scenic stormwater-and-other-wildlife refuge. \u00a0If you own a pond you might stock it with fish, or paddle around it on a little boat, or out in the country use it as a watering hole for your livestock.<\/p>\n<p>The maintaining of a pond is an art people argue about, and your neighbors are particularly interested in making sure the earthen dam on the downhill side of the pond holds together.<\/p>\n<h2>Ditch Drainage is Not Like Concrete or Plastic<\/h2>\n<p>The\u00a0rain this weekend hasn\u2019t been intense. \u00a0On high ground with a concrete sewer system, the roads are clear. \u00a0What has been happening, though, for weeks on end, is that the ground has been getting wetter and wetter.<\/p>\n<p>An earthen drainage system, whether it\u2019s a naturally-formed creek or a dug-ditch, operating in a part of the world where it\u2019s never very wet for all that long, isn\u2019t sized to channel all the water it receives. \u00a0A significant portion of the water is meant to soak into the ground, and in the process refill the many wells and springs that dot the landscape.<\/p>\n<p>Because the ground has been slowly getting saturated over the past several months, relatively more water is being channeled through the ditches. \u00a0This is what a creek-and-ditch system looks like when it\u2019s carrying more water than it\u2019s engineered (why yes, these things are engineered) to handle:<\/p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG 2360\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HKXxeyeSGdE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<p>So this is one cause of the flooding. \u00a0The other part, and this is behind some of the more dramatic failures, is the tremendous load that\u2019s built up on the ponds.<\/p>\n<h2>A Pond is Not Just a Hole in the Ground<\/h2>\n<p>When we think of a pond or a lake, we tend to imagine a little cup in the earth where water settles because it has no place else to go. \u00a0There are ponds and lakes like this. \u00a0There are naturally-occurring dammed ponds (video tip: National Geographic\u2019s\u00a0<em>Rocky Mountain Beaver Pond<\/em>), but most of South Carolina\u2019s lakes and ponds are earthen dams.<\/p>\n<p>The way these work is that you stop up a naturally-occurring stream or river at the low end, so that water fills in the space behind it. \u00a0When you do this, you typically install a mechanism that allows you to release water in a controlled manner. \u00a0In normal weather, this is a great way to mitigate seasonal flooding and give you a scenic watering hole into the bargain. \u00a0Ponds fill up, you let off some water, they fill up again.<\/p>\n<p>Because of the unusually wet weather we\u2019ve had for the past couple months, ponds and lakes in the region came into the weekend\u2019s storm already full.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s a video of a typical pond, similar to the ones that collapsed in the City of Columbia this week:<\/p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG 2366\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GVxj43eJwZw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<p>If you look towards the horizon, there\u2019s something you don\u2019t see. \u00a0It\u2019s the dam. \u00a0The reason you don\u2019t see it is because even though the owner lowered the pond earlier this week, the ongoing rain, in saturated ground, filled the thing right back up again. \u00a0So now the pond is flowing over its edges \u2014\u00a0as are others like it around the state.<\/p>\n<p>This particular pond drains into a marshy wetland, and this particular pond hasn\u2019t actually had its walls burst on the dam-side. \u00a0So what you get is merely this:<\/p>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG 2361\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OdhKVJzMXcw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<p>A very wet, not quite impassible road, with water flowing over the property on either side.<\/p>\n<h2>Pavement Is Not a Sponge<\/h2>\n<p>The catastrophic flooding around the state is a combination of wet soil, plus over-full drainage systems (including controlled-release of full ponds and lakes), plus catastrophic failure of certain dams, unleashed on roads or bridges that don\u2019t have the capacity to withstand a sudden massive increase in water flow.<\/p>\n<p>In some areas, though not all, the flooding may be a case of victims-of-our-own success. \u00a0The South is terrible and backward, as I am quick to remind you at frequent intervals, but not enough people have accepted this message. \u00a0Thus, unlike the forward-thinking parts of the world, we\u2019re growing. \u00a0We are getting new people (terrible and backwards ones, of course) and we are getting wealthier.<\/p>\n<p>Even with proper stormwater improvements to go with, the reality is that infill development (a good thing) doesn\u2019t hold water the way a stand of forest does.<\/p>\n<p>As we rebuild post-flood, something we need to acknowledge is that although this is the kind of thing that never, ever happens here \u2014 a true \u201cperfect storm\u201d of rare weather conditions \u2014 South Carolina is also built up, at this writing, into a place unlike what lay here before.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/22\/Flood_North_Carolina.jpg\" alt=\"File:Flood North Carolina.jpg\" width=\"431\" height=\"284\"><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo: <span style=\"color: #252525;\">The southeast floods of 1916. The Spring Street approach to Smith\u2019s Bridge in Asheville, North Carolina From: \u201cThe Floods of July, 1916\u201d, published by Southern Railway Company, 1917. \u00a0<\/span>Archival Photography by Steve Nicklas, NOS, NGS [Public domain or Public domain], <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File%3AFlood_North_Carolina.jpg\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">via Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you are following the news, you know that South Carolina\u2019s been hit with epic flooding this weekend. \u00a0We are resisting the urge to go out looking for too much trouble, so I refer you to the wonders of other parts of the internet for the big dramatic photos. \u00a0Meanwhile, a tutorial on why we [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1209,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,216,422],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economics","category-its-all-catholic","category-south-carolina"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What&#039;s the Story Behind the Flooding in South Carolina? 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