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{"id":18506,"date":"2016-11-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-11-11T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/leithart.level2d.com\/?p=245"},"modified":"2016-11-11T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2016-11-11T00:00:00","slug":"jezebel-and-babylon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/leithart\/2016\/11\/jezebel-and-babylon\/","title":{"rendered":"Jezebel and Babylon"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<\/head>

P<\/span>aul Duff (Who Rides the Beast?<\/a> 90) calls attention to five parallels between the prophetess Jezebel of Thyatira (Revelation 2) and the harlot city Babylon (Revelation 17-18).<\/p>\n

\u201cFirst, Ahab\u2019s wife was a queen\u2014of the kingdom of Israel in the ninth century BCE; the regal bearing of \u2018Babylon\u2019 in chapter 17 would call the Israelite queen to mind. Second, she was associated with sexual promiscuity in the Hebrew Scriptures as well as in the later Jewish tradition, just as \u2018Babylon\u2019 is accused of porneia<\/em> in this text. Third, in addition to the porneia<\/em> she was accused of, Queen Jezebel was also guilty of spilling the blood of the prophets of God (see 1 Kings 18:3-4; 13). In this she corresponds to the bloodthirsty whore of Revelation 17 who is drunk on \u2018the blood of the saints and the blood of the witnesses to Jesus.\u2019 Fourth, the number of allusions to Elijah in other places in the Apocalypse would also point to the figure of Jezebel in this passage, since in the biblical narratives, Elijah was Queen Jezebel\u2019s nemesis. Fifth, the fact that the flesh of \u2018Babylon\u2019 is devoured in 17:16 calls to mind the fate of the Israelite queen (1 Kings 21:23-24), whose body was eaten by scavengers. Of course, Queen Jezebel would also easily arise in the minds of John\u2019s readers because the author had already introduced that figure into the text by labeling his rival with the nick- name \u2018Jezebel.\u2019 Consequently, it seems fairly obvious that the text invites the readers to consider \u2018Jezebel\u2019 in connection with \u2018Babylon\u2019 in the Apocalypse.\u201d<\/p>\n

Add to this: Jezebel is queen of Tyre, and Babylon\u2019s luxury is described in terms drawn from Ezekiel\u2019s condemnation of Tyre (Ezekiel 27-28).<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"