{"id":18552,"date":"2016-12-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-12-02T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/leithart.level2d.com\/?p=285"},"modified":"2016-12-02T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2016-12-02T00:00:00","slug":"structure-and-theme-in-lear","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/leithart\/2016\/12\/structure-and-theme-in-lear\/","title":{"rendered":"Structure and Theme in Lear"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p><span class=\"drop-cap\">N<\/span>ote #1: Act 1, scene 2 of <em>King Lear<\/em>, which initiates Edmund\u2019s plots against father Gloucester and brother Edgar, is structured chiastically:<\/p>\n<p>A. Edmund\u2019s first soliloquy.<\/p>\n<p>B. Edmund with Gloucester, accusing Edgar.<\/p>\n<p>C. Edmund\u2019s second soliloquy.<\/p>\n<p>B\u2019. Edmund with Edgar, sowing suspicion that Gloucester is suspicious of Edgar.<\/p>\n<p>A\u2019. Edmund\u2019s third soliloquy.<\/p>\n<p>The structure beautifully reinforces the substance. Edmund is present throughout, the single continuity of the scene. Edmund surrounds the scene, just as his plot encircles Gloucester and Edgar like a tightening noose. At the same time, Edmund stands in the middle of the scene, dividing his father from his brother. He besieges them in order to sow suspicions that will lead to a breach.<\/p>\n<p>Note #2: The end of Act 4 has the sense of an ending. After the mayhem of Act 3 (Lear going mad on the heath, the brutal blinding of Gloucester), Act 4 begins to mend the world. Just when he thinks he\u2019s hit bottom, Edgar discovers his father wandering blindly toward Dover to throw himself from the cliff. Edgar is able to save him, and to restore himself to his father\u2019s favor. In the last scene of Act 4, Lear and Cordelia are reunited and reconciled, sealed by Cordelia\u2019s lovely gift of forgiveness (\u201cYou have some cause to hate me,\u201d says Lear; \u201cNo cause, no cause,\u201d Cordelia replies). <\/p>\n<p>If the play ended there, we\u2019d have some major ends tied up and some hope of happiness. At the end of Act 4, we seem poised for a comic ending; all we need is the deaths of Edmund, Goneril, and Regan to make the world glad. Act 5 obliges, but then adds the deaths of Lear, Gloucester, and Cordelia. We end with only a glimpse of reconciliation, while the tide of chaos continues and engulfs innocents. Here as in several other respects, the pathos of <em>Lear<\/em> is heightened by the play\u2019s gestures toward comedy, by the hope it encourages and then dashes.<\/p>\n<p>(Check <a href=\"http:\/\/www.touchstonemag.com\/archives\/article.php?id=16-01-033-f\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">here<\/a> for a more complete analysis of <em>Lear<\/em>.) <\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Note #1: Act 1, scene 2 of King Lear, which initiates Edmund\u2019s plots against father Gloucester and brother Edgar, is structured chiastically: A. Edmund\u2019s first soliloquy. B. Edmund with Gloucester, accusing Edgar. C. Edmund\u2019s second soliloquy. B\u2019. Edmund with Edgar, sowing suspicion that Gloucester is suspicious of Edgar. A\u2019. Edmund\u2019s third soliloquy. The structure beautifully [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3021,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[760,578],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18552","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-king-lear","category-shakespeare"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Structure and Theme in Lear<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Note #1: Act 1, scene 2 of King Lear, which initiates Edmund&#039;s plots against father Gloucester and brother Edgar, is structured chiastically:A. 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