I’m reminded of the evangelical focus on faith instead of works, where what matters is what is in your heart, not what you do. You can’t work your way to heaven, after all—and only God knows the heart. Or so the framing goes. Is the same thing happening here? Are we so focused on what is in people’s hearts—on whether people are racist—that we’ve spent too little time focusing on actions, and on the outcomes of specific beliefs or policies?

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