{"id":95052,"date":"2023-01-25T05:13:02","date_gmt":"2023-01-25T10:13:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/?p=95052"},"modified":"2023-01-19T13:28:23","modified_gmt":"2023-01-19T18:28:23","slug":"extraordinary-claims-and-extraordinary-evidence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2023\/01\/extraordinary-claims-and-extraordinary-evidence.html","title":{"rendered":"Extraordinary Claims and Extraordinary Evidence"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p>I have quoted, commented on, reviewed, and in other ways engaged with Carl Sagan here on the blog in the past. Today I\u2019m sharing a recent comment of mine on Facebook in response to someone who had been pushing back against his classic axiom \u201cextraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.\u201d He said it more than once, but this time it was in a meme in the context of a larger quote from his 1980s TV series <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt0759806\/characters\/nm0755981\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Encyclopedia Galactica<\/a>: \u201cWhat counts is not what sounds plausible,\u00a0not what we would like to believe, not what one or two witnesses claim, but only what is supported by hard evidence rigorously and skeptically examined. Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Here is what I wrote in response to the person who said that the final sentence is objectionable and involves selective moving of the goalposts:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>If someone says they saw a sparrow on their way to the car you probably take them at their word. If they say they were whisked away to Venus in a flying saucer where Venusians revealed the meaning of life to them and returned them to Earth without more than a few seconds having passed, you\u2019d be skeptical. Carl Sagan isn\u2019t wrong. You probably just have beliefs that you\u2019d prefer to shield from his point. Yet you\u2019d be as skeptical as Sagan of claims made on behalf of another viewpoint. If you won\u2019t accept Sagan then how about Jesus? Treat the views of others the way you wish your own to be treated, and treat your own views as you would those of others.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>There is also <a href=\"http:\/\/thinkingispower.com\/how-skepticism-can-protect-you-from-being-fooled\/?fbclid=IwAR0Kgoept4Lpa4FSKY5smvC6Q4PS1tQAdUxQ25rmYqL1fuRVyjT6svA4nwo\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">a great piece on what balanced skepticism is, in between the extremes of gullibility and denialism<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Below are some of my previous posts in which I quote the axiom, discuss its application, or otherwise engage with Carl Sagan:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"WnI9li2PWn\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2014\/12\/mythicism-isnt-skepticism.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Mythicism isn\u2019t Skepticism<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cMythicism isn\u2019t Skepticism\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2014\/12\/mythicism-isnt-skepticism.html\/embed#?secret=3zzOHUgP9c#?secret=WnI9li2PWn\" data-secret=\"WnI9li2PWn\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"RDCTgRII7c\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2018\/02\/idea-god-abomination.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Is Your Idea of God an Abomination?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cIs Your Idea of God an Abomination?\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2018\/02\/idea-god-abomination.html\/embed#?secret=Pm88Sc0xhM#?secret=RDCTgRII7c\" data-secret=\"RDCTgRII7c\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"v7cP68IfP3\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2017\/01\/creationists-mythicists-judge.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Are Creationists and Mythicists Similar? You Be The Judge<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cAre Creationists and Mythicists Similar? You Be The Judge\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2017\/01\/creationists-mythicists-judge.html\/embed#?secret=QnQdip5BAs#?secret=v7cP68IfP3\" data-secret=\"v7cP68IfP3\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"T6f8Ig96vU\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2017\/04\/the-brilliance-of-mythicism.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">The Brilliance of Mythicism<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cThe Brilliance of Mythicism\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2017\/04\/the-brilliance-of-mythicism.html\/embed#?secret=ohC2Ig2TMJ#?secret=T6f8Ig96vU\" data-secret=\"T6f8Ig96vU\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"NuHrdYNglx\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2016\/09\/the-myth-of-mythicism-and-undebunkable-skepticism.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">The Myth of Mythicism and Undebunkable Skepticism<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cThe Myth of Mythicism and Undebunkable Skepticism\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2016\/09\/the-myth-of-mythicism-and-undebunkable-skepticism.html\/embed#?secret=c1R9bxxc7Z#?secret=NuHrdYNglx\" data-secret=\"NuHrdYNglx\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"3VfeFzHyOk\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2018\/11\/it-is-better-to-live-with-questions-than-give-bad-answers.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">It is Better to Live with Questions than Give Bad Answers<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cIt is Better to Live with Questions than Give Bad Answers\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2018\/11\/it-is-better-to-live-with-questions-than-give-bad-answers.html\/embed#?secret=TuUdCga6rp#?secret=3VfeFzHyOk\" data-secret=\"3VfeFzHyOk\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"WmEzbpl1su\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2007\/08\/misquoting-ehrman.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Misquoting Ehrman?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cMisquoting Ehrman?\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2007\/08\/misquoting-ehrman.html\/embed#?secret=WuVd8v76FA#?secret=WmEzbpl1su\" data-secret=\"WmEzbpl1su\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"V7nidy0Deg\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2008\/04\/advice-for-those-buying-a-used-religion.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Advice for those buying a used religion<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cAdvice for those buying a used religion\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2008\/04\/advice-for-those-buying-a-used-religion.html\/embed#?secret=abefcFbyex#?secret=V7nidy0Deg\" data-secret=\"V7nidy0Deg\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"tleU5MffPo\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2009\/09\/looking-under-the-hood-of-your-religion.html\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\">Looking Under the Hood of Your Religion<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cLooking Under the Hood of Your Religion\u201d \u2014 Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. McGrath\" src=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2009\/09\/looking-under-the-hood-of-your-religion.html\/embed#?secret=qrEooeWVUm#?secret=tleU5MffPo\" data-secret=\"tleU5MffPo\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Here is the meme that I commented on on Facebook, in case anyone is curious or wants to share it:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-95055\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/719\/2022\/12\/Carl-Sagan-extraordinary-evidence-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\"><\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I have quoted, commented on, reviewed, and in other ways engaged with Carl Sagan here on the blog in the past. Today I\u2019m sharing a recent comment of mine on Facebook in response to someone who had been pushing back against his classic axiom \u201cextraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.\u201d He said it more than once, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":136,"featured_media":95055,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78,80,85],"tags":[1601,17403,3215,17400,11379],"class_list":["post-95052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pseudoscience","category-religion","category-science","tag-carl-sagan","tag-claims","tag-evidence","tag-extraordinary","tag-skepticism"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Extraordinary Claims and Extraordinary Evidence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"I have quoted, commented on, reviewed, and in other ways engaged with Carl Sagan here on the blog in the past. Today I&#039;m sharing a recent comment of mine\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2023\/01\/extraordinary-claims-and-extraordinary-evidence.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Extraordinary Claims and Extraordinary Evidence\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I have quoted, commented on, reviewed, and in other ways engaged with Carl Sagan here on the blog in the past. Today I&#039;m sharing a recent comment of mine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2023\/01\/extraordinary-claims-and-extraordinary-evidence.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Religion Prof: The Blog of James F. 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McGrath\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2023\/01\/extraordinary-claims-and-extraordinary-evidence.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/2023\/01\/extraordinary-claims-and-extraordinary-evidence.html\",\"name\":\"Extraordinary Claims and Extraordinary Evidence\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-01-25T10:13:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-01-19T18:28:23+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/religionprof\/#\/schema\/person\/78342576667b872e3d259c153ce4c5bf\"},\"description\":\"I have quoted, commented on, reviewed, and in other ways engaged with Carl Sagan here on the blog in the past. 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Goodwin Chair in New Testament Language and Literature at Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. BD University of London, PhD Durham University. Author of John's Apologetic Christology, The Only True God, Theology and Science Fiction, and The Burial of Jesus, as well as (with Charles Haberl of Rutgers University) the two-volume Mandaean Book of John critical edition, translation, and commentary. 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