{"id":3364,"date":"2017-06-26T12:33:29","date_gmt":"2017-06-26T18:33:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admin.patheos.com\/blogs\/wildfoxzen\/?p=3364"},"modified":"2022-01-25T20:14:57","modified_gmt":"2022-01-26T02:14:57","slug":"illuminating-with-grit-and-ease-gateless-barrier-case-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/wildfoxzen\/2017\/06\/illuminating-with-grit-and-ease-gateless-barrier-case-1.html","title":{"rendered":"Illuminating with Grit and Ease: Gateless Barrier&#8217;s Mu K\u014dan"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><head><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"><\/head><body><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-3429\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-media.patheos.com\/blogs\/sites\/88\/2017\/06\/wumen-huikai1-196x300.jpg\" alt=\"wumen-huikai[1]\" width=\"196\" height=\"300\"><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"zh-Latn-pinyin\" xml:lang=\"zh-Latn-pinyin\">W\u00fam\u00e9n<\/span> Huikai (1183-1260, literally, \u201cNo-Gate Bright-Opening\u201d), the compiler and author of the <em>Gateless Barrier<\/em> (\u7121\u9580\u95dc <i>W\u00fam\u00e9ngu\u0101n), <\/i>is one of the most important ancestors of our Zen tradition. Aitken Roshi notes:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAn unconventional Zen master in many respects,W\u00fam\u00e9n let his hair and beard grow and wore old soiled robes. He worked in the fields and carried his own slops. Called \u2018Hui-k\u2019ai the Lay Monk,\u2019 he is a wonderful archetype for us monkish lay people in the West.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>W\u00fam\u00e9n was a contemporary of\u00a0D\u014dgen, the first S\u014dt\u014d teacher in Japan. The first edition of his\u00a0<em>Gateless Barrier\u00a0<\/em>was published in 1228, a few years after\u00a0D\u014dgen returned home to Japan following his training in China with Rujing. I wonder how the world, and specifically the Zen world, would have been altered had these two <a href='https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/library\/buddhism' target='_blank'>dharma<\/a> geniuses met.<\/p>\n<p>Indeed, sometime in the 1240\u2019s, a monk who had been ordained by D\u014dgen, Shinchi Kakushin, went to China, trained with W\u00fam\u00e9n and received transmission from him, returning to Japan in 1254, shortly after\u00a0D\u014dgen had died, probably bringing with the first copy of the <em>Gateless Barrier.\u00a0<\/em>The text quickly became important in both Rinzai and S\u014dt\u014d circles \u2013 Keizan Jokin (1268\u20131325), Dogen\u2019s third generation successor, knew the <em>Gateless Barrier\u00a0<\/em>well enough to quote from it freely.<\/p>\n<p>As a novice monk, W\u00fam\u00e9n had worked on the <em>mu<\/em> k\u014dan for six years, throwing himself into it night and day \u2013 a wonderful archetype for people these days who report after a few months of working with <em>mu<\/em>, \u201cI <em>still<\/em> haven\u2019t gotten it.\u201d One day when W\u00fam\u00e9n heard the drum announcing the midday meal, he realized <em>mu<\/em> and wrote this verse (Aitken translation):<\/p>\n<p>A thunderclap under the clear blue sky;<br>\nall beings on earth open their eyes;<br>\neverything under heaven bows together;<br>\nMount Sumeru leaps up and dances.<\/p>\n<p>W\u00fam\u00e9n prefaces the <em>Gateless Barrier<\/em>\u00a0with this verse (Wild Fox Zen translation):<\/p>\n<p>The great Way has no gate<br>\nAmong a thousand mistakes \u2013 a road.<br>\nPass through this barrier<br>\nAnd you walk alone in the universe.<\/p>\n<h4>The <em>Gateless Barrier<\/em> now<\/h4>\n<p>Early in Harada-Yasutani k\u014dan curriculum we meet W\u00fam\u00e9n through his work in the\u00a0<em>Gateless Barrier,\u00a0<\/em>knotting our eyebrows together. And in translating the\u00a0<em>Gateless Barrier,\u00a0<\/em>I\u2019ve met him in another way \u2013 through the characters he chose to express this great matter. Working with the characters opens up the k\u014dan in multiple directions.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve found W\u00fam\u00e9n to be an incredibly penetrating and illuminated teacher, someone who could really stand shoulder to shoulder with D\u014dgen and all the great teachers. With W\u00fam\u00e9n each character is BAM! \u2013 so carefully chosen and piercing. One can feel his deeply settled heart through his words and his intention to serve us in our awakening process.<\/p>\n<p>For W\u00fam\u00e9n there is no fuzz about what to do in our practice. Kensho (awakening) must be thorough kensho: \u201c<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only one word \u2013 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mu<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Thus, the school\u2019s one barrier! \u2026\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But don\u2019t celebrate prematurely, without essential barrier passing.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>How do we do it?\u00a0W\u00fam\u00e9n lays that out too:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Become <em>mu <\/em>through the body<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Arouse the great doubt \u2013 what is <em>mu<\/em>?<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continuously and wholeheartedly do it<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Don\u2019t make a nest in \u201cyes\u201d or \u201cno,\u201d \u201cgot it\u201d or \u201cdon\u2019t got it\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>W\u00fam\u00e9n\u2019s is also striking in his confidence and clarity, true to his \u201cbright opening\u201d name, about the experience of barrier crossing, expressed again in a compact sentence \u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u201cNaturally, you\u2019ll succeed breaking inside and outside.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>One caution. It\u2019s inadvisable to work with any k\u014dan, and the <em>mu<\/em> koan especially, without a teacher. Even with the fine guidance that W\u00fam\u00e9n provides, without a living teacher\u2019s guidance, you are likely to just be spinning your dharma wheels. So if you are moved by W\u00fam\u00e9n\u2019s comments on <em>mu<\/em>, and you don\u2019t have a qualified koan teacher, my advice is to find one.<\/p>\n<h4>Why another translation?<\/h4>\n<p>You\u2019ll find below the whole of the Wild Fox Zen translation of\u00a0<em>Gateless Barrier, \u201c<\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CASE 1: Zh\u00e0ozh\u014du\u2019s Dog.\u201d There are numerous other good translations out there (Aitken,\u00a0Guo Gu, Yamada, Shimayama, Sekida, Cleary, etc.) \u2013 what does this one offer? <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A few points. First, W\u00fam\u00e9n encourages a more embodied practice with <em>mu<\/em> than I generally grok when looking at other translations. Especially if you just read about k\u014dan introspection, you might think that it\u2019s about a private mental experience, perhaps a misconception encouraged by translations rather than from the source texts. \u201c<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Go through the body,\u201d wrote W\u00fam\u00e9n.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Second, W\u00fam\u00e9n, like Dahui before him, emphasized the importance of the great doubt or doubt block. Here it\u2019s translated as \u201c\u2026raise a single doubt sphere\u201d as the character allows for that rendering\u00a0as well. A small difference, but I\u2019ve found that \u201cdoubt sphere\u201d can open this up for practitioners by pointing to the all-inclusive, 360 degree questioning that the great doubt is all about. For more on this, see Jeff Shore\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Great-Doubt-Practicing-Zen-World\/dp\/1614292302\/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1497967005&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=great+doubt\" class=\" decorated-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Great Doubt: Practicing Zen in the World<\/a>, a translation of Caodong\/Soto master, Boshan, commentary on the sicknesses and possibilities of great doubt. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Finally, although W\u00fam\u00e9n did emphasize wholeheartedness, in line with his reputation, and said things like, \u201cRip through all your strength,\u201d he also presented the importance of ease, \u201cThe dharma point is illuminated with ease,\u201d and \u201c<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">just allow self-knowledge.\u201d\u00a0<\/span>So, we\u2019ve included that aspect as clearly as we can.<\/p>\n<h4><em>Gateless Barrier,<\/em> \u201cCase 1: Zhaozhou\u2019s Little Dog\u201d<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A monk asked Zhaozhou, \u201cEven a little dog has the Buddha Nature, no?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zhou said, \u201cNo.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Wumen\u2019s Comment:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To practice Zen meditation, you must penetrate the ancestral teacher\u2019s barrier. For mysterious, subtle comprehension, cut short your destitute scheming or you will not pass through the ancestral teachers\u2019 barrier, [and instead will] completely depending on grasses, attaching to tree spirits. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And yet what is the ancestral teacher\u2019s barrier? Only one word \u2013 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mu<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Thus, the school\u2019s one barrier! Pass through, actualize crossing over and you\u2019ll not only meet Zhaozhou intimately, with ease you\u2019ll participate in the successive generations of ancestral teachers. Hand in hand you\u2019ll walk together, eyebrows knotted together, seeing the same, hearing the same. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But don\u2019t celebrate prematurely, without essential barrier passing. Use three-hundred and sixty joints and eighty-four thousand hair follicles. Go through the body, raise a single doubt sphere, participate in the single word <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mu<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Continuously tear into upholding it. Do not do it as nothingness. Do not do it as \u201cyes\u201d and \u201cno.\u201d \u00a0As if you\u2019ve swallowed a hot iron ball \u2013 vomit and vomit but it won\u2019t go out. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wash away your former harmful knowledge and harmful feelings. Be skillful for a long, long time. Naturally, you\u2019ll succeed breaking inside and outside. One flake as a mute person dreaming \u2013 just allow self-knowledge. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suddenly present world shaking, as if seizing the barrier general\u2019s broadsword \u2013 meeting Buddha, killing Buddha; meeting the Ancestor, killing the Ancestor. At the shore of life and death you obtain great freedom. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yet how? Rip through all your strength. Uphold the single word <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mu<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. If continuous \u2013 good. The dharma point is illuminated with ease.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Verse:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dog! Buddha Nature!<\/span><br>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The whole put forward, the exact imperative.<\/span><br>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only enter yes and no \u2013<\/span><br>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lose self, lose life.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>W\u00fam\u00e9n Huikai (1183-1260, literally, \u201cNo-Gate Bright-Opening\u201d), the compiler and author of the Gateless Barrier (\u7121\u9580\u95dc W\u00fam\u00e9ngu\u0101n), is one of the most important ancestors of our Zen tradition. Aitken Roshi notes: \u201cAn unconventional Zen master in many respects,W\u00fam\u00e9n let his hair and beard grow and wore old soiled robes. He worked in the fields and carried [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":182,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Illuminating with Grit and Ease: Gateless Barrier&#039;s Mu K\u014dan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This post offers an introduction to the Gateless Barrier and to the mu koan. 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