How was Muhammad to treat those who rejected his preaching?

Here’s one instruction to Muhammad from the Qur’an (16:82), followed by my translation:

فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ

“And if they turn away, your responsibility is only to have clearly conveyed the message.”