Are Mormons Christians? (and more relevant follow-up questions)

Still reading by library books on Islam and drafting a more comprehensive response to them, but in the meantime, a question:

Are Mormons Christians?

No, I’m not actually interested in diatribes about wacky things that Mormons may or may not believe or whether they are, on net, good or bad (family-oriented, vs. the latest scandal in Slate about young adults on missions).  The question is meant as a step towards the further question:  how do you identify whether someone is a Christian?

Is is enough that they claim to be so?  Or do must they hew to a specific set of doctrines?  I wrote up a piece on the question of whether President Obama is a Christian, a while back, saying that if all that’s needed is self-identification, then he certainly is, but if we apply a doctrinal test, then maybe not, as Obama, in his own words, does not seem to believe in the divinity of Christ, which I think would be the first doctrine on the list.

And if one creates a doctrinal test, how narrow or broad is the range of beliefs that qualify as “Christian”?  And are there inherently disqualifying beliefs, not just about doctrine but about Christian life?  If Mormons pass the test, then what about the FLDS?  Or what about racists, or KKK members more specifically?

You see where I’m going with this, don’t you?

Once you set the parameters for the definition of a Christian — and most of us set these parameters fairly widely and inclusively — is the breadth or narrowness of our definition of “who is a Muslim?” consistent?