In case folks haven’t noticed, the Roman Catholic Church has just a wee bit of trouble with church councils. In the fifteenth century, conciliarism was the proposed solution to the crisis of having three popes. But once the Council of Constance resolved the controversy and restored the church to one pope, subsequent popes were reluctant to convene councils very often. Not until the Second Vatican Council of the 1960s did the papacy become more self-consciously open to the regular meeting... Read more