The good shepherd imagery in the synoptic gospels is referencing verses like these in Ezekiel. In Mark, Matthew, and Luke, likening Jesus to a shepherd meant he would gather those who had been scattered by the injustice of the Temple rulers who were complicit with Rome’s exploitation of the masses.
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This is Part 3 of A Shepherd Restoring Paradise
(Read this series from its beginning here.)
In Ezekiel we read the promised hope of restoration:
“As a shepherd looks after his scattered flock when he is with them, so will I look after my sheep. I will rescue them from all the places where they were scattered on a day of clouds and darkness . . . I will search for the lost and bring back the strays. I will bind up the injured and strengthen the weak, but the sleek and the strong I will destroy. I will shepherd the flock with justice . . . I will place over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he will tend them; he will tend them and be their shepherd.” (Ezekiel 34:12, 14, 23)
The early Jesus community held this imagery dear. Jesus, to them, was a shepherd who would restore the flock “with justice” as Ezekiel states. Perhaps the author of our reading this week contemplated this passage in Ezekiel. Regardless, shepherd imagery wasn’t used to describe whisking people away to a distant heaven but to describe restoring justice here “on earth as it is in heaven” (Matthew 6:10). It was about restoring paradise, with Earth as an abundant pastureland tended over by a caring and just shepherd.
What does the image of Jesus as shepherd mean for us today? What does it mean for us to be about working to shape our world into a just, safe, compassionate home for everyone, even those who are not like ourselves? As we read last week, we are called to care for those we share our world with, just as a shepherd cares for their sheep. As followers of Jesus, shepherds under the “Chief Shepherd” (1 Peter 5:4), we are to do the same work the Shepherd worked at: restoring paradise. Though this is ancient imagery, today it points to the holy work of seeking distributive justice for everyone, a justice that ensures each of us has what we all need to thrive and that all, regardless of our differences, would have “life and have it to the full.”
In the insightful and well-documented research of their book Saving Paradise, Rebecca Parker and Rita Nakashima Brock remind us of how Christians used this imagery before the church became obsessed with apocalyptic destruction and imperial power. They write: “The prophet linked the work of the shepherd to God’s care for the people. [Ezekiel] said the good shepherd fed people with justice, made a covenant of peace, helped them flourish, and protected them.” (Parker & Brock, Saving Paradise: How Christianity Traded Love of This World for Crucifixion and Empire, Kindle location 623)
May shepherding in this way be our work today too.
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