Heraclitus once wrote that “War is both father and king of all,” and “all things come to pass through the compulsion of strife.” According to the pessimistic, pre-Socratic philosopher, conflict in the world was not only inevitable, but necessary. It also existed in two planes, the vertical and the horizontal, “Gods and men: living in each other’s death, dying in each other’s life.” War, father and king of us all, was the fundamental nature of nature according to Heraclitus. It was... Read more