1775 by whatever quirk of history or cosmology,
was one heck of a ride around the sun.
To understand What I love and How I Write About History click on this particular link.
Many facts are taken virbadium with some variations from Wikipedia.
The 17th century was a time in which
- Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel and statue of David exist.
- Leonardo’s Mona Lisa and The Last Supper exist.
- William Shakespeare’s plays exist
- The music of Johann Sebastian Bach exists.
- The novel Don Quixote, Pilgrim’s Progress and Paradise Lost exists.
- America had a revolution that started a country.
- 70 years before the Revolution: July 20, 1705 – The planet Mercury transits Jupiter, as seen by astronomers from Earth. The event happens again on October 4, 1708, but will not be seen again from Earth until October 27, 2088
- 60 years before the Revolution: May 3, 1715 – A total solar eclipse is seen across southern England, Sweden and Finland (the last total eclipse visible in London for almost 900 years). English astronomer Edmond Halley (who is using the old style Julian calendar date of April 22) records the first observation noted of the phenomenon of “Baily’s beads“, in which higher elevations on the moon can be observed obscuring portions of the light moments before and after totality.
- 56 years before the Revolution:April 25 1719: Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe is first published.
- 49 years before the Revolution:1726- Gulliver’s Travels, by Jonathan Swift is first published.
- 30 years before the Revolution: 1735 Giovanni Battista Piazzetta paints The Assumption of Mary. (The Louvre)
- 26 years before the Revolution: 1749-The Mass in B minor is an extended setting of the Mass ordinary by Johann Sebastian Bach. The composition was completed the year before the composer’s death, and was to a large extent based on earlier work, such as a Sanctus Bach had composed in 1724.
- 20 years before the Revolution: March 12 ,1755– A steam engine is used in the American colonies for the first time as New Jersey copper mine owner Arent Schuyler installs a Newcomen atmospheric engine to pump water out of a mineshaft.
- years before the Revolution:March 12 ,1755
- 11 years before the Revolution: 1764- John Hannon (or alternatively spelled “Hannan” in some sources) and the American physician Dr. James Baker started importing beans and producing chocolate in the Lower Mills section of Dorchester, Massachusetts.
- 6 years before the Revolution:1769-St. Junipero Serra founds his first mission in San Diego,California.
The Decade of Revolution Begins
- February 22, 1770 – Christopher Seider, an 11-year-old boy in Boston in the British Province of Massachusetts Bay, is shot and killed by a colonial official, Ebenezer Richardson. The funeral sets off anti-British protests that lead to the massacre days later.[3]
- March 5, 1770– Boston Massacre: Eleven American men are shot (five fatally) by British troops, in an event that helps start the American Revolutionary War five years later.
- March 26, 1770 – First voyage of James Cook: English explorer Captain James Cook and his crew aboard HMS Endeavour complete the circumnavigation of New Zealand.
- 1770 Guillaume Thomas Raynal’s History of the Two Indias is published. The book is an encyclopaedia on commerce between Europe and the Far East, Africa, and the Americas. Raynal’s idea was to write a history of European enterprises in the East Indies and the New World, having observed the influence of the great explorations on European civilisation. The Histoire des deux Indes filled a public need for knowledge in the Age of Enlightenment, answering questions that preoccupied the minds of those in the late 18th century, around the time of the French Revolution.
- 1770 – The first version of The Basilica of Saint Louis, King of France has its groundbreaking.
- September 8, 1771– In California, Fathers Pedro Cambon and Angel Somera found Mission Vieja, later called, Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, in what is now San Gabriel, California.
- 1771 – In 1771, John Wesley formally authorized Methodist women to preach in public. This included Sarah Crosby ( October 6, 1729 – October, 29, 1804) She is considered to be the first woman to hold this title of a Methodist preacher.
- July 13, 1772 – The second voyage of James Cook departs from Plymouth on Captain Cook’s new ship, HMS Resolution and the companion ship HMS Adventure in an attempt to prove the existence of an uncharted continent even further south than New Zealand.
- January 1, 1773 – The hymn that becomes known as Amazing Grace, at this time titled “1 Chronicles 17:16–17”, is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Buckinghamshire, England.
- January 17, 1773 – Second voyage of James Cook: Captain Cook in HMS Resolution (1771) becomes the first European explorer to cross the Antarctic Circle
- July 21,1773 – Under pressure from the Bourbon courts, Pope Clement XIV suppresses the Society of Jesus (brief Dominus ac Redemptor). Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, expels the order from his territories.
- December 16, 1773 – Boston Tea Party: A group of American colonists, dressed as Mohawk Indians, steal aboard ships of the East India Company and dump their cargo of tea into Boston Harbor, in protest against British tax policies.
- 1773- The Plays of Shakespeare with the Corrections and Illustrations of Various Commentators (10 vols., 1773) edited by Samuel Johnson and George Steevens.
- November 20, 1774– Daniel Boone retires from the Virginia colonial militia in order to devote his full time to establishing a settlement in Kentucky.
1775
The Year of the Revolution
This was a year in which
Marie-Suzanne Giroust – Self-portrait with an image of Maurice Quentin de La Tour (approximate date)
Arrivals
Charles Lamb (February 10, 1775 – December 27, 1834) author of Tales from Shakespeare (1807) along with his sister Mary Anne Lamb (December 3,1764 – May 20, 1847)
Departures
Paul of the Cross (January 3, 1694 – October 18, 1775) was an Italian Roman Catholic mystic, and founder of the Passionists.
Publications Hot of the Press
- Samuel Johnson A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland
- Pierre Beaumarchais – The Barber of Seville
- Geoffrey Chaucer – The Canterbury Tales of Chaucer (Thomas Tyrwhitt, editor). Originally published in between 1387 and 1400.
Sanctifying Time
February 15 – Pope Pius VI succeeds Pope Clement XIV as the 250th pope.
For the same reason you should undoubtedly always give special attention to the beauty of the house of God and the splendor and dignity of objects dedicated to the divine service. Such beauty and splendor often greatly inspire the faithful, and draw them to the veneration of sacred realities. It would be very improper for the bishop’s house to be cleaner and furnished more tastefully than the abode of holiness, the palace of the living God. It would make no sense to see holy vestments, adornments for the altar and all the furniture in the church worn out with age and torn or dirty, while the bishop’s table is well laden, the priest’s clothing very clean and finely coordinated.5.
Pope Pius VI – Inscrutabile – On the Problems of the Pontificate, December 25, 1775
Revolutionary War
“Keep in mind that when we were founded by those Americans of the eighteenth century, none had had any prior experience in revolutions or nation making. They were, as we would say, winging it. They were idealistic and they were young. We see their faces in the old paintings done later in their lives or looking at us from the paper money in our wallets, and we see the awkward teeth and the powdered hair, and we think of them as elder statesmen.
But George Washington, when he took command of the Continental Army at Cambridge in 1775, was forty-three, and he was the oldest of them. Jefferson was thirty-three when he wrote the Declaration of Independence. John Adams was forty. Benjamin Rush – one of the most interesting of them all – was thirty when he signed the Declaration. They were young people, feeling their way, improvising, trying to do what would work. They had no money, no navy, no real army. There wasn’t a bank in the entire country.
It was a country of just 2,500,000 people, 500,000 of whom were held in slavery. And think of this: Few nations in the world know when they were born. We know exactly when we began and why we began and who did it.”
— David McCullough (The American Spirit: Who We Are and What We Stand For)
- February 9 – The Great and Powerful Parliament of Great Britain declares the Province of Massachusetts Bay (my birth state) to be in rascally radical rebellion.
- March 23 – Patrick Henry, a delegate to the Second Virginia Convention after the Virginia House of Burgesses was disbanded by the Royal Governor, delivers his not yet famous historical “Give me Liberty, or give me Death!” epic speech at St. John’s Church in Richmond, Virginia.
If we were base enough to desire it, it is now too late to retire from the contest. There is no retreat but in submission and slavery! Our chains are forged! Their clanking may be heard on the plains of Boston! The war is inevitable and let it come! I repeat it, sir, let it come. It is in vain, sir, to extenuate the matter. Gentlemen may cry, Peace, Peace but there is no peace. The war is actually begun! The next gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our ears the clash of resounding arms! Our brethren are already in the field! Why stand we here idle? What is it that gentlemen wish? What would they have? Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!
- April 18 – Paul Revere and William Dawes, instructed by Dr. Joseph Warren, ride from Boston to Lexington to warn John Hancock and Sam Adams that British forces are coming to take them prisoner and to seize colonial weapons and ammunition in Concord.
“LISTEN, my children, and you shall hear
Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere,
On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-five;
Hardly a man is now alive
Who remembers that famous day and year.
He said to his friend, “If the British march
By land or sea from the town to-night,
Hang a lantern aloft in the belfry arch
Of the North Church tower as a signal light, —
One, if by land, and two, if by sea;
And I on the opposite shore will be,
Ready to ride and spread the alarm
Through every Middlesex village and farm,
For the country folk to be up and to arm.”
― Paul Revere’s Ride
- April 19 – Battles of Lexington and Concord:Hostility between Britain and its American colonies explodes into bloodshed, igniting the American Revolutionary War which officially ends on February 3, 1783 when Great Britain acknowledges the independence of the United States of America. At this time, the Spanish government does not grant diplomatic recognition.
Another problem was that the guns they used in those days, called muskets, took forever to load. First you had to put your powder in, then you had to put in a little piece of flint, then you had to ram some wadding down there, then you had to put in about a quarter teaspoon of paprika, and finally you had to put in your musket ball, which usually popped right back out again because there was hardly any room.
It took so long to complete the Battle of Lexington that the two sides were nearly four hours late to the next scheduled event, the Battle of Concord. This was where the Americans invented the innovative guerrilla tactic of rushing up to the British, who were still dithering around with their formation (‘‘Dammit, Nigel! You’re supposed to be part of the ‘O’!’’), and bonking them manually over the heads with their unloaded muskets.
Dave Barry Slept Here: A Sort of History of the United States by Dave Barry | Goodreads
- June 17 – Two months into the colonial siege of Boston, British open fire on Breed’s Hill on Charles Town Peninsula. After 3 charges, the British take the hill in the misnamed Battle of Bunker Hill.
- July 3 – George Washington takes command of the 17,000-man Continental Army at Cambridge. He wouldn’t become our first president until 14 years later in 1789 and it would last till 1797.
- July 4- One Year away from The United States Declaration of Independence being adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1776.
- July 6 – American Revolution: The Continental Congress issues Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms, which contains the words: “Our cause is just. Our union is perfect… being with one mind resolved to die freemen rather than to live slaves…”.
- July 26 – The Second Continental Congress appoints Benjamin Franklin to be the first Postmaster General of what later becomes the United States Post Office Department.
- August 23 – American Revolution: Refusing to even look at the Olive Branch Petition, King George issues a Proclamation of Rebellion against the American colonies.
- October 13 – American Revolution: The Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later the United States Navy).
- October 26 – American Revolution: George III announces to Parliament that the American colonies are in an uprising and must be dealt with accordingly.
- November 5 – George Washington issues an order forbidding any troops under his command from participating in Pope Night. Pope Night was an anti-Catholic holiday celebrated annually. It evolved from the British Guy Fawkes Night, which commemorates the failure of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605.
- December 31 – American Revolution: Battle of Quebec – British forces repulse an attack by Continental Army generals Richard Montgomery and Benedict Arnold at Quebec; Montgomery is killed.
While The Colonists Were Rebelling Against Mother England,
This Also Happened
- January 17 – Second voyage of James Cook: Captain James Cook takes possession of South Georgia for the Kingdom of Great Britain.
- March 17 – Catherine the Great of Russia issues a manifesto prohibiting freed serfs from being returned to serfdom.
- July 30 – Second voyage of James Cook: HMS Resolution (1771) anchors off the south coast of England, Captain Cook having completed the first eastbound global circumnavigation.
- St. Elizabeth Ann Seton SC turns 1 year old. (August 28, 1774 – January 4, 1821)
- August 29 – September 12 – The Independence Hurricane from South Carolina to Nova Scotia kills 4,170, mostly fishermen and sailors.
The Sound of Music and Other Cultural Milestones
James Watt‘s 1769 steam engine patent is extended to June 1800 by Act of Parliament and the first engines are built under it.
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was composing music.
- Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach the fifth child and second surviving son of Johann Sebastian Bach and Maria Barbara Bach was composing music.
- Symphony in D major, H.663
- Symphony in F major, H.665
- Johann Christian Bach the eighteenth child of Johann Sebastian Bach, and the youngest of his eleven sons was composing music.
– Sinfonia concertante, W.C 34
What a year.
BUT on July 4, 1776
The Continental Congress ratifies the declaration by the United States of its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain. with United States Declaration of Independence: One of the signers of the DOI was Charles Carroll. He was the only Catholic signatory of the Declaration and the longest surviving, dying 56 years after its signing. His cousin John Carroll served as the first bishop of the Diocese of Baltimore, the first diocese in the new United States. He later became the first archbishop of Baltimore. Until 1808, Carroll administered the entire American Catholic Church.
Also earlier that year on March 14, 1776,Captain John Barry received his first captain’s commission in the Continental Navy on signed by John Hancock, president of the Second Continental Congress. Barry was a religious man and began each day at sea with a reading from the Bible. He had great regard for his crew and their well-being and always made sure they were properly provisioned while at sea.
During his naval career Barry commanded the U.S. warships Delaware, Lexington, Raleigh, Alliance and United States.
Also these American Classic books were published…
Thomas Paine’ s Common Sense
Adam Smith‘s An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
Ater this…
- June 14, 1777 – The Stars and Stripes is adopted by the Continental Congress as the flag of the United States.
- June 21, 1777– Encyclopædia Britannica Second Edition begins publication in Edinburgh.
- January 18, 1778 – Third voyage of James Cook: Captain James Cook, with ships HMS Resolution and HMS Discovery, first views Oahu then Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands of the Pacific Ocean, which he names the Sandwich Islands.
- July 4 – American Revolutionary War: George Rogers Clark takes Kaskaskia with the help of Father Pierre Gibault, the village priest.
- 1779 – Olney Hymns in 1779. This work had a great influence on English hymnology. The volume included Newton’s well-known hymns: “Glorious Things of Thee Are Spoken,” “How Sweet the Name of Jesus Sounds!, and “Faith’s Review and Expectation,” which has come to be known by its opening phrase, “Amazing Grace“.
1/2 a decade later
The War is still going on.
And so is this…
1780
- May 19 – New England’s Dark Day: An unaccountable darkness spreads over New England, regarded by some observers as a fulfillment of Bible prophecy.
- July 17 – The first bank created in the United States, the Bank of Pennsylvania, is chartered.
- September 21 – Benedict Arnold gives detailed plans of West Point to Major John André. Three days later, André is captured, with papers revealing that Arnold was planning to surrender West Point to the British.
- 1780 – Josephinism is a name given collectively to the domestic policies of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (1765–1790). During the ten years in which Joseph was the sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy (1780–1790), he attempted to legislate a series of drastic reforms to remodel Austria in the form of what liberals saw as an ideal Enlightened state. This provoked severe resistance from powerful forces within and outside his empire, but ensured that he would be remembered as an “enlightened ruler” by historians from then to the present day.
- Johann Sebastian Bach’s children and Mozart are still making music.
- John Wesley Publishes Reflections on the Rise and Progress of the American Rebellion
- Arthur Young Publishes A Tour in Ireland
TO judge of Ireland by the conversation one sometimes hears in England, it would be supposed that one half it was covered with bogs and the other with mountains filled with Irish ready to fly at the sight of a civilized being.
Jean-Baptiste Greuze – August 21, 1725 – 4 March 4, 1805)
The hermit or The distributor of rosaries, 1780
- January 5, 1781 – American Revolutionary War: Richmond, Virginia is burned by British naval forces, led by Benedict Arnold.
- April 10, 1781 – Future U.S. President Andrew Jackson, age 14, is slashed by a British officer’s sword at his home near Waxhaw, North Carolina, after refusing to clean the officer’s boots, an event that leaves physical and psychological scars.
- June 20, 1782– The bald eagle is chosen as the emblem of the United States of America. On the same day, the Confederation Congress adopts the design for the Great Seal of the United States.
- August 7, 1782 – George Washington orders the creation of the Badge of Military Merit (or the Order of the Purple Heart) to honor soldiers’ merit in battle (reinstated later by Franklin D. Roosevelt, and renamed to the more poetic “Purple Heart“, to honor soldiers wounded in action)
Finally in
1783
The War Ends
- February 3, 1783 – American Revolutionary War: Great Britain acknowledges the independence of the United States of America. At this time, the Spanish government does not grant diplomatic recognition.
- February 4, 1783 – American Revolutionary War: Great Britain formally declares that it will cease hostilities with the United States.
- February 28, 1784 – John Wesley ordains ministers for the Methodist Church in the United States.
- July 1st 1784 —The Pope’s Nuncio called, and acquainted me that the Pope had, on my recommendation, appointed Mr. John Carroll superior of the Catholic clergy in America, with many of the powers of a bishop; and that probably he would be made a bishop in partibus before the end of the year. Gloria Romanorum: Ben Franklin Nominates a Bishop ~ Catholicism and the Early American Republic
- November 27, 1784 – The phenomenon of black holes is first posited in a paper by John Michell, in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.
A Decade After the Start of the War
1785
Angelika Kauffmann October 30, 1741 – November 5, 1807)
Pliny the Younger and His Mother at Miseno
News of the World
- January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries travel from Dover, England to Calais, France in a hydrogen gas balloon, becoming the first to cross the English Channel by air.
- January 21 – The Treaty of Fort McIntosh is signed between the U.S. government and representatives of the Wyandotte, Delaware, Chippewa and Ottawa nations of Native Americans.
- July 6 – The United States dollar is unanimously chosen as the country’s money unit, the first time a nation has adopted a decimal currency.
- The Northwest Indian War (1785–1795), also known by other names, was an armed conflict for control of the Northwest Territory fought between the United States and a united group of Native American nations known today as the Northwestern Confederacy. The United States Army considers it the first of the American Indian Wars.
- 1785 – Basil Hayden Sr. was a Maryland Catholic who led a group of twenty-five Catholic families from Maryland into what is now Nelson County, Kentucky (near Bardstown). There Hayden donated the land for the first Catholic church west of the Alleghenies and the first Catholic church in what is now the Commonwealth of Kentucky what was called the Kentucky Holy Land. The Catholics got involved in making bourbon whiskey.
Arrivals
- January 4 – Jakob Grimm, Half of the Fairy Tale collecting brothers writing team. (died 1863)
Departures
- July 13 – Stephen Hopkins, Founding Father of the United States (b. 1707)
Publications Hot of the Press
- Rudolf Erich Raspe, anonymously – Baron Munchausen‘s Narrative of his Marvellous Travels and Campaigns in Russia
- Friedrich Schiller – Ode to Joy (An die Freude)
- James Boswell – The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson, LL.D.
- The first English translation of the Bhagavad Gita was published by Charles Wilkins in 1785.
Sanctifying Time
The cornerstone for the oldest Catholic parish in New York State, St. Peter’s Church, is laid. The first Mass celebrated a year later in 1786. Some notable parishioners over the year s include former slave venerable Pierre Toussaint, the first born American saint Elizabeth Ann Seton, and the notorious out law Billy The Kid.
The Sound of Music
- Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach
– 2 Sonaten, 2 Fantasien und 2 Rondos für Kenner und Liebhaber, Wq.59 - Johann Christian Bach
- 6 Violin Sonatas, Op.10 (posthumously)
- 2 Symphonies, Op. 18 (posthumously)
- Ludwig van Beethoven
– Three quartets for harpsichord, violin, viola, and cello, in E♭ major, D major, and C major, WoO 36
Moving On in the Century
- May 1, 1786 – Mozart‘s opera The Marriage of Figaro premieres in Vienna.
- January 11, 1787 – William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, two moons of Uranus.
- August 1 – St. Alphonsus Liguori, Italian founder of the Redemptorist Order (b. 1696) dies.
- 1787 – Father Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin joins the Catholic Church
Statehood Begins
1 Delaware December 7, 1787
2 Pennsylvania December 12, 1787
3 New Jersey December 18, 1787

Jacques-Louis David metmuseum
4 Georgia January 2, 1788
5 Connecticut January 9, 1788
6 Massachusetts February 6, 1788
7 Maryland April 28, 1788
8 South Carolina May 23, 1788
9 New Hampshire June 21, 1788
10 Virginia June 25, 1788
11 New York July 26, 1788
- March 17, 1788 – George Washington had dinner at the home of Colonel John Fitzgerald at which the proposed construction of The Basilica of Saint Mary in Alexandria, VA.
- August 10, 1788 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, in Vienna, completes his final symphony, now called the Symphony No. 41 in C Major, and nicknamed (after his death) The Jupiter.
- September 13, 1788 – The United States Congress of the Confederation passes an act providing a timeline for the voting for the first President under the new U.S. Constitution.
- October 21, 1788 – The 14th and last session of the Continental Congress and (the 6th as Congress under the Articles of Confederation) is adjourned.[2]
- October,1788 – King George III of the United Kingdom becomes deranged; the Regency Crisis of 1788 starts.
- December 1788 – Robert Burns writes his version of the Scots poem Auld Lang Syne.[
1789
French Revolution Begins
- February 4, 1789 – George Washington is unanimously elected the first President of the United States by the United States Electoral College.
- April 28, 1789 – Mutiny on the Bounty: Fletcher Christian leads the mutiny on the British Royal Navy ship HMS Bounty against Captain William Bligh, in the Pacific Ocean.
- April 30, 1789 – George Washington is inaugurated at Federal Hall in New York City, beginning his term as the first President of the United States.
- May 5, 1789 – In France, the Estates-General convenes for the first time in 175 years, taken as the start of the French Revolution (1789–1799).
- August 4, 1789 – In France, members of the Constituent Assembly take an oath to end feudalism and abandon their privileges.
- August 26, 1789 – The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen is proclaimed in France by the Constituent Assembly.
- September 2, 1789 – The United States Department of the Treasury is founded.
- September 11, 1789 – Alexander Hamilton is appointed as the first United States Secretary of the Treasury created on September 2.
12 North Carolina November 21, 1789
- January 8, 1790 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City.
- February 1, 1790 – In New York City, the Supreme Court of the United States convenes for the first time.
- February 11, 1790 – Two Quaker delegates petition the United States Congress for the abolition of slavery.
13 Rhode Island May 29, 1790
- July 1790 – Louis XVI of France accepts a constitutional monarchy.
- 1790 – The main block of The Mt. Carmel Monastery was built. It is a historic monastery located at Port Tobacco, Charles County, Maryland, United States. It was the first women’s religious community established within the United States of America.
14 Vermont March 4, 1791
- June 1791 – Fr. John Dubois escapes the French Revolution and flees to America. He was the first Bishop of New York who was not Irish-born and remains the only Bishop or Archbishop of New York who was not either of Irish birth or of Irish ancestry.
- December 15, 1791 – Ratification by the states of the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution is completed, creating the United States Bill of Rights. Two additional amendments remain pending, and one of these is finally ratified in 1992, becoming the Twenty-seventh Amendment.
- December 23, 1791 – The Pale of Settlement is established by ukase of Catherine the Great, specifying those areas of the Russian Empire in which Jews are permitted permanent residency.
- April 2, 1792 – The Coinage Act is passed, establishing the United States Mint.
- April 25,1792
- Highwayman Nicolas Pelletier becomes the first person executed by guillotine in France.
- La Marseillaise, the French national anthem, is composed by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle.
15 Kentucky June 1, 1792
- October 12, 1792 – The first Columbus Day celebration in the United States is held in New York City, 300 years after his arrival in the New World.
- December 3, 1792 – George Washington is re-elected President of the United States.
- December 26, 1792– The trial of Louis XVI of France begins.
- January 21, 1793 – French Revolution: After being found guilty of treason by the French National Convention, Citizen Capet, Louis XVI of France, is guillotined in Paris
- May 25, 1793 – Reverend Fr. Stephen Theodore Badin (17 July 17, 1768 – April 21, 1853) was the first Catholic priest ordained in the United States. He spent most of his long career ministering to widely dispersed Catholics in Canada and in what became the states of Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois.
- September 5, 1793 – French Revolution: The National Convention begins the 10-month Reign of Terror.
- October 16, 1793 – French Revolution: Marie Antoinette, the widowed queen consort of Louis XVI of France, is guillotined in the Place de la Révolution in Paris at the conclusion of a 2-day trial before the Revolutionary Tribunal.
- July 17, 1794– The sixteen Carmelite Martyrs of Compiègne are guillotined in Paris in the last stage of the French Revolution’s Reign of Terror.
- 1794 – Fr. Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin travels to Middleway, West Virginia, near Martinsburg to accompany Father Dennis Cahill in the investigation of a haunted house known locally as the Wizard Clip.
- February 7, 1795 – The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution is passed.
- August 22, 1795 – French Revolution: The Constitution of the Year III is ratified by the National Convention.
Gilbert Stuart – Lansdowne portrait of George Washington
16 Tennessee June 1, 1796
The Washington Family by Edward Savage (1789–1796).
- March 9, 1796 – Widow Joséphine de Beauharnais marries General Napoléon Bonaparte.
- April 2, 1796 – The only night of the supposed Shakespearean play Vortigern and Rowena (actually written by William Henry Ireland) ends in the audience’s laughter.
Alexander at the Tomb of Cyrus the Great, by Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes (1796)
J. M. W. Turner – Fishermen at Sea (his first oil painting to be exhibited at the Royal Academy)
- March 4, 1797 – John Adams is sworn in as the second President of the United States,(March 4, 1797–March 4, 1801) with an uneventful transition of power from the administration of George Washington.
- February 10,1798 – The Pope is taken captive, and the Papacy is removed from power, by French General Louis-Alexandre Berthier.
- June 7, 1798 – Fr. Gabriel Richard P.S.S. (October 15, 1767 – September 13, 1832) becomes the assistant pastor at Basilica of Sainte Anne de Détroit (Sainte Anne’s Church)
- August 17, 1798 – Our Lady of La Vang refers to a reported Marian apparition at a time when Catholics were persecuted and killed in Vietnam. Though there is no official Vatican recognition of this event as a Marian apparition, on June 19, 1998, Pope John Paul II publicly recognized the importance of Our Lady of La Vang and expressed desire to rebuild the La Vang Basilica in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the first vision. In 2012, the New Basilica was officially built with the endorsement from the Vietnamese government.
- October 2, 1798 – The Cherokee nation signs a treaty with the United States allowing free passage through Cherokee lands in Tennessee through the Cumberland Gap through the Appalachian Mountains from Virginia into Kentucky.
Just Before the Turn of Century in
1799
Jacques-Louis David-The Intervention of the Sabine Women
News of the World
- April 13 – The father of Charles and Mary Lamb dies; Charles becomes his sister’s guardian.
- July 15 – In the Egyptian port city of Rosetta, French Captain Pierre Bouchard finds the Rosetta Stone.
- November 9 – Napoleon overthrows the French Directory in a coup d’état, which ends the French Revolution.
- November 10 – A remnant of the Council of Ancients in France abolishes the Constitution of the Year III, and ordains the French Consulate with Napoleon as First Consul, with the Constitution of the Year VIII. The Napoleonic Era begins.
- December 31, 1799 – The Dutch East India Company‘s charter is allowed to expire by the Batavian Republic.
Publications Hot off the Press
- May 8 – The Religious Tract Society is established as an evangelical publisher in Paternoster Row, London; it continues as The Lutterworth Press into the 21st century.
Arrivals
- November 29 – Amos Bronson Alcott, American philosopher, educator and writer, father of novelist Louisa May Alcott (d. 1888)
Departures
- December 14 – George Washington (1732–1799) first President of the United States (April 30, 1789–March 4, 1797), dies at Mount Vernon, Virginia, aged 67. Did he die a Catholic?
John Adams (1735–1826) was in office as the 2nd president March 4, 1797–March 4, 1801)
Sanctifying Time
- August 29 – Pope Pius VI, at the time the longest reigning Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church, dies as a prisoner of war in the citadel of the French city of Valence, after 24½ years of rule. Thus began a six-month period without a valid pope elected. This was due to the very unique logistical problems of Pope Pius VI being a prisoner and the conclave was being held in Venice and their being a deadlock among the cardinals voting.
The Sound of Music
- Ludwig van Beethoven – Piano Sonata in C Minor, Op. 13 (“Pathétique”); Piano Sonatas Nos. 9 and 10 (Op. 14, No. 1 and 2)