Pope Nicholas III (1277-1280)

Born Giovanni Gaetano Orsini in Rome in 1210, his father was a Roman nobleman. Giovanni served under eight Popes, was made cardinal-deacon, protector of the Franciscans, inquisitor-general, largely through family influence. After a six-months’ vacancy in the Holy See, he was elected Pope. In July 1278 Nicholas III issued an epoch-making constitution for the government of Rome, which forbade foreigners taking civil office. Nicholas III, though a man of learning noted for his strength of character, was known for his excessive nepotism. He elevated three of his closest relatives to the cardinalate, and gave others important positions.

(From Wikipedia)