1889 is the crossroads where the descendants, living persons and ancestors of previous, current and future influencers meet on the chronological timeline of earth’s history.

Back then Jim Larry Wikipedia was running around collecting data in which the Catholic Bard quotes directly for all the bio descriptions read in these articles.

Wikipedia is a free content online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and the wiki software MediaWiki. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history, and is consistently ranked among the ten most visited websites; as of August 2024, it was ranked fourth by Semrush and seventh by Similarweb.  Founded by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger on January 15, 2001, Wikipedia has been hosted since 2003 by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American nonprofit organization funded mainly by donations from readers

These guys helped shaped the world in our century by giving everyone easy access to information by creating an online encyclopedia that anyone can access with great ease. From there I found information on those alive in 1889 who shaped the world.

• There  were leaders who led their countries for better or worse into prosperity and growth or into war and destruction.
• Humanataries who helped change the social structure of their countries for the benefit of all mankind.
• Soldiers who fought for freedom or tyranny.
• Doctors and scientists who developed ways for mankind to advance technology and medically.
• Wealthy people who created businesses that still have impact on society today.
• The ancestors of those who helped shape the world in the 20th and 21st Centuries.
• The main players who started the wars that brought the world together to death and destruction.
• And others who strived to make this world a better place or lived to see it all happen.

These are the individuals I looked at and choose to highlight in this edition of

Notable People Alive In 1889 

Those who helped Shape the World.

And Now…

We Start With

The Oldest Generation of 1889

With Those

Born in the 18th Century

Geert Adriaans Boomgaard
(September 21, 1788; baptized  September 23, 1788–  February 3, 1899)

She was a Dutch supercentenarian and is generally accepted by scholars as the first validated case on record.

Margaret Ann Neve
(May 18, 1792 – April 4, 1903)

She was the second validated supercentenarian after Geert Adriaans Boomgaard. Neve lived at Saint Peter Port on the island of Guernsey in the English Channel. She was also the first proven individual whose life spanned three centuries (18th to the 20th centuries).

Born in 1800’s    

Napoleon Conquers & Lewis & Clark Explore The Early 1800’s

 Sir Edwin Chadwick    KCB
(January 24, 1800 –  July 6, 1890)

He was an English social reformer who is noted for his leadership in reforming the Poor Laws in England and instituting major reforms in urban sanitation and public health. A disciple of Utilitarian philosopher Jeremy Bentham, he was most active between 1832 and 1854; after that he held minor positions, and his views were largely ignored. Chadwick pioneered the use of scientific surveys to identify all phases of a complex social problem, and pioneered the use of systematic long-term inspection programmes to make sure the reforms operated as planned.

Salome Sellers 
(October 19, 1800 – January 9, 1909)

She was an American centenarian who was the last known, verified person born in the 18th century.

Dorothea Dix,
(April 4, 1802 – July 17, 1887)

July 17, 1889 marked the 2^nd anniversary of her death.

She  was an American advocate on behalf of the indigent mentally ill who, through a vigorous and sustained program of lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental asylums. During the Civil War, she served as a Superintendent of Army Nurses.

William Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS
(December 29, 1809 – 19 May 19, 1898)

He was a British statesman and Liberal Party politician. In a career lasting over 60 years, he was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for 12 years, spread over four non-consecutive terms (the most of any British prime minister) beginning in 1868 and ending in 1894. He also was Chancellor of the Exchequer four times, for over 12 years. Apart from 1845 to 1847, he was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1832 to 1895 and represented a total of five constituencies.

Born in 1810’s

Frankenstein’s Silent Night 1810 – 1819

Pope # 256 Pope Leo XIII
(March 2,  1810 –  July 20, 1903)
born Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci
Papal Reign from February  20, 1878 –  July 20, 1903
(25 years, 150 days)

In 1889, Pope Leo XIII authorized the founding of Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C., and granted it Papal degrees in theology. 

John C. Frémont 
(January 21, 1813 – July 13, 1890)

He was an American explorer, military officer, and politician. He was a United States senator from California and was the first Republican nominee for president of the U.S. in 1856 and founder of the California Republican Party when he was nominated. He lost the election to Democrat James Buchanan when the vote was split by Know Nothings.

Mary Ellen Pleasant
(August 19, 1814 – January 11, 1904)

She was an American entrepreneur, financier, real estate magnate and abolitionist. She was arguably the first self-made millionaire of African-American heritage, preceding Madam C. J. Walker by decades.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton
(November 12, 1815 – October 26, 1902)

She was an American writer and activist who was a leader of the women’s rights movement in the U.S. during the mid- to late-19th century. She was the main force behind the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention, the first convention to be called for the sole purpose of discussing women’s rights, and was the primary author of its Declaration of Sentiments. Her demand for women’s right to vote generated a controversy at the convention but quickly became a central tenet of the women’s movement.  She was also active in other social reform activities, especially abolitionism.

In 1851, she met Susan B. Anthony and formed a decades-long partnership that was crucial to the development of the women’s rights movement. During the American Civil War, they established the Women’s Loyal National League to campaign for the abolition of slavery, and they led it in the largest petition drive in U.S. history up to that time. They started a newspaper called The Revolution in 1868 to work for women’s rights.

After the war, Stanton and Anthony were the main organizers of the American Equal Rights Association, which campaigned for equal rights for both African Americans and women, especially the right of suffrage. When the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was introduced that would provide suffrage for black men only, they opposed it, insisting that suffrage should be extended to all African Americans and all women at the same time.

Despite her record of racially insensitive remarks and occasional appeals to the racial prejudices of white people, Stanton applauded the marriage in 1884 of her friend Frederick Douglass to Helen Pitts, a white woman, a marriage that enraged racists. Stanton wrote Douglass a warm letter of congratulation, to which Douglass responded that he had been sure that she would be happy for him. When Anthony realized that Stanton was planning to publish her letter, she convinced her not to do so, wanting to avoid associating women’s suffrage with an unrelated and divisive issue

Martha Ann Erskine Ricks 
(c. 1817–1901)

She was an Americo-Liberian woman among the early colonists to the Colony of Liberia. Born into slavery in Tennessee, she was freed by her father, George Erskine and emigrated at age 13 with him and her family to Liberia in 1830.

While chiefly working in agriculture there, Ricks also was known for her needlework and became an expert quilter. She became interested in Queen Victoria and worked for more than two decades on a quilt for her. In 1892 Ricks traveled with former First Lady Jane Roberts to England, where she received a Royal Audience with Queen Victoria and personally presented her the quilt.

She was 72 in 1889.

Frederick Douglass
(c. February 1817 or February 1818– February 20, 1895)

Escaped slave and popular writer and speaker Frederick Douglass was appointed the United States’s minister resident and consul-general to the Republic of Haiti and Chargé d’affaires for Santo Domingo by President Benjamin Harrison himself in 1889.

Nursery Rhyme
and Thanksgiving Creator’s Son

Sarah Josepha Hale
(October 24, 1788 – April 30, 1879)

She was an American writer, activist, and editor of the most widely circulated magazine in the period before the Civil War, Godey’s Lady’s Book.  She was the author of the nursery rhyme “Mary Had a Little Lamb“. Hale famously campaigned for the creation of the American holiday known as Thanksgiving, and for the completion of the Bunker Hill Monument.

She was the Mother of

Horatio Hale
(May 3, 1817 – December 28, 1896)

He  was an American-Canadian ethnologist, philologist and businessman. He is known for his study of languages as a key for classifying ancient peoples and being able to trace their migrations. Hale was the first to analyze and confirm that the Tutelo language of some Virginia Native Americans belonged to the Siouan family, which was most associated with the western Dakota and Hidatsa languages.

Hale also determined that the Cherokee language spoken by a tribe associated with the Appalachian Mountains and upland areas of the interior American Southeast was one of the Iroquoian family of languages.  Most of the speakers of the latter had historically occupied territory to the east and south of the Great Lakes, in present-day New York and Pennsylvania. In addition, he published a work, Iroquois Book of Rites (1883), based on his translation of their only two known historic manuscripts. It was supported by his studies with tribal elders in interpreting the Iroquois wampum belts to establish the people’s prehistory.

Queen Victoria
(May 24, 1819 –  January 22, 1901)

While staying in Biarritz, in 1889 Queen V became the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain when she crossed the border for a brief visit. Queen V was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 20, 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days, which was longer than those of any of her predecessors, is known as the Victorian era.

Daniel Sickles
(October 20, 1819 – May 3, 1914)

He was an American politician, soldier, and diplomat.

Born to a wealthy family in New York City, Sickles was involved in a number of scandals, most notably the 1859 homicide of his wife’s lover, U.S. Attorney Philip Barton Key II, whom Sickles gunned down in broad daylight in Lafayette Square, across the street from the White House.  He was acquitted after using temporary insanity as a legal defense for the first time in United States history.

Upon the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, Sickles became one of the war’s most prominent political generals, recruiting the New York regiments that became known as the Excelsior Brigade in the Army of the Potomac. Sickles was appointed as chairman of the New York State Civil Service Commission from 1888 to 1889, and Sheriff of New York County in 1890. In 1891, he was elected to the board of the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association.

Born in 1820’s

The Mormon Saturday Evening Post Arrives in the 1820s

Susan B. Anthony
(February 15, 1820 – March 13, 1906)

She was an American social reformer and women’s rights activist who played a pivotal role in the women’s suffrage movement. Born into a Quaker family committed to social equality, she collected anti-slavery petitions at the age of 17. In 1856, she became the New York state agent for the American Anti-Slavery Society.

In a speech in 1889, she noted that women had always been taught that their purpose was to serve men, but “Now, after 40 years of agitation, the idea is beginning to prevail that women were created for themselves, for their own happiness, and for the welfare of the world.” Anthony was sure that women’s suffrage would be achieved, but she also feared that people would forget how difficult it was to achieve it, as they were already forgetting the ordeals of the recent past:

Florence Nightingale 
(May 12, 1820 –August 13, 1910)

She was an English social reformer, statistician and the founder of modern nursing. Nightingale came to prominence while serving as a manager and trainer of nurses during the Crimean War, in which she organised care for wounded soldiers at Constantinople.  She significantly reduced death rates by improving hygiene and living standards. Nightingale gave nursing a favourable reputation and became an icon of Victorian culture, especially in the persona of “The Lady with the Lamp” making rounds of wounded soldiers at night.

In 1889 loving Superstar Nurse Florence Nightingale was writing letters and  advocating for nursing type stuff while losing her eyesight and various friends from old age.

George Williams (philanthropist)
(October 11, 1821 – November6,  1905)

He was an English philanthropist, businessman and founder of the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA). The oldest and largest youth charity in the world, its aim is to support young people to belong, contribute and thrive in their communities.

Williams was knighted by Queen Victoria in her 1894 Birthday Honours. He died in 1905 and is buried in St Paul’s Cathedral.

Clara Barton
(December 25, 1821 – April 12, 1912)

She was an American nurse who founded the American Red Cross. She was a hospital nurse in the American Civil War, a teacher, and a patent clerk. Since nursing education was not then very formalized and she did not attend nursing school, she provided self-taught nursing care. Barton is noteworthy for doing humanitarian work and civil rights advocacy at a time before women had the right to vote. She was inducted into the National Women’s Hall of Fame in 1973.

Within days after the Johnstown Flood in 1889, she led her delegation of 50 doctors and nurses in response, founding what would become Conemaugh Health System.

William Parker (abolitionist)
(1821 – April 14, 1891)

He was an American former slave who escaped from Maryland to Pennsylvania, where he became an abolitionist and anti-slavery activist in Christiana. He was a farmer and led a black self-defense organization. He was notable as a principal figure in the Christiana incident, 1851, also known as the Christiana Resistance. Edward Gorsuch, a Maryland slaveowner who owned four slaves who had fled over the state border to Parker’s farm, was killed and other white men in the party to capture the fugitives were wounded. The events brought national attention to the challenges of enforcing the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.

Chief John “White Wolf” Smith
 (1822–1826 (claimed 1784) –  February 6, 1922)

He was an American longevity myth. He was a Chippewa (Ojibwe) Indian.

John Smith claimed to have been born around 1784 in Minnesota, USA. He lived in Cass Lake, Minnesota his entire life. He had eight wives and no children, except for an adopted son, named Tom Smith.

Smith converted to Catholicism in about 1914. Around 1915, he was knocked down by a switch engine. He spend three weeks at hospital, and managed to recover. One week before his death, he caught pneumonia.

John Smith died of pneumonia in Cass Lake, Minnesota, USA, at the claimed age of at least 138 years, 0 days. He is buried in the Catholic section of Pine Grove Cemetery in Cass Lake.

Harriet Tubman 
(c. March 1822 – March 10, 1913)

She was an American abolitionist and social activist. After escaping slavery, Tubman made some 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including her family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known collectively as the Underground Railroad. During the American Civil War, she served as an armed scout and spy for the Union Army. In her later years, Tubman was an activist in the movement for women’s suffrage.

in 1889 Tubman was living  in Auburn and had 3 years earlier in 1886 bought some land to create a nursing home for Black Americans. Her husband died just a year earlier and the following year she would become more  involved in the movement for women’s suffrage.

Frederick Law Olmsted
(April 26, 1822 – August 28, 1903)

He was an American landscape architect, journalist, social critic, and public administrator. He is considered to be the father of landscape architecture in the United States. Olmsted was famous for co-designing many well-known urban parks with his partner Calvert Vaux. Olmsted and Vaux’s first project was Central Park in New York City, which led to many other urban park designs. These included Prospect Park in Brooklyn; Cadwalader Park in Trenton, New Jersey; and Forest Park in Portland, Oregon. He headed the preeminent landscape architecture and planning consultancy of late 19th century United States, which was carried on and expanded by his sons, Frederick Jr. and John C., under the name Olmsted Brothers.

Thomas Mundy Peterson 
(October 6, 1824 – February 4, 1904)

This man from  Perth Amboy, New Jersey, has been claimed to be the first African American to vote in an election under the just-enacted provisions of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution.

His vote was cast on March 31, 1870; the Amendment had been ratified almost two months earlier, on February 3, but was only officially certified by Secretary of State Hamilton Fish on March 30.

William Thomson, 1st Baron Lord Kelvin  
OM,  GCVO,  PC,  FRS, FRSE
(June 26, 1824 – 17 December 17, 1907)

He gives a lecture where he becomes the first scientist to formulate the hypothetical concept of dark matter; he then attempted to define and locate some “dark bodies” in the Milky Way. (Dark Matter, Dark Energy

Pedro II of Brazil 
(December 2, 1825 –December 5, 1891)

Nicknamed the Magnanimous was the second and last monarch of the Empire of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. Pedro II pushed through the abolition of slavery despite opposition from powerful political and economic interests. A savant in his own right, the Emperor established a reputation as a vigorous sponsor of learning, culture, and the sciences, and he won the respect and admiration of people such as Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, and Friedrich Nietzsche, and was a friend to Richard Wagner, Louis Pasteur, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others.

Varina Davis,
May 7, 1826 – October 16, 1906)

First Lady of the Confederate States of America (d. 1906)

Deodoro da Fonseca 
(August 5, 1827 –August 23, 1892)

He was a Brazilian politician and military officer who served as the first president of Brazil. Fonseca took office as provisional president after heading a military coup that deposed Emperor Pedro II and established the First Brazilian Republic in 1889, disestablishing the Empire. After his election in 1891, he stepped down the same year under great political pressure when he dissolved the National Congress. He died less than a year later.

 

Florvil Hyppolite 
(May 26, 1828 –  March 24, 1896)

He was a Haitian general and politician who served as the President of Haiti from 17 October 1889 to 24 March 1896. As soon as he assumed the presidency, he had to deal with the Môle Saint-Nicolas affair. It was an 1891 diplomatic incident between Haiti and the United States when in an act of gunboat diplomacy, President of the United States Benjamin Harrison ordered Rear-Admiral Bancroft Gherardi to persuade the cession or lease of Môle Saint-Nicolas to the United States in order to establish a naval base for the United States Navy. Following a prolonged request for Gherardi’s diplomatic credentials and increased public pressure, Haiti refused the request of the United States.

Jane Elizabeth Lathrop Stanford 
(August 25, 1828 – February 28, 1905)

She was an American philanthropist and co-founder of Stanford University in 1885 (opened 1891), along with her husband, Leland Stanford, in memory of their only child, Leland Stanford Jr., who died of typhoid fever at age 15 in 1884. After her husband’s death in 1893, she funded and operated the university almost single-handedly until her unsolved murder by strychnine poisoning in 1905.

She was the eighth First Lady of California. Her husband served as governor from January 10, 1862 to December 10, 1863.

Born in 1830’s

Mark Twain and the Wellerman Come on a Comet – 1830 – 1839

Franz Joseph I of Austria
(August 18, 1830 –  November 21, 1916)

He was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the other states of the Habsburg monarchy from December 2, 1848 until his death in 1916. Franz Joseph was troubled by nationalism throughout his reign. He concluded the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, which granted greater autonomy to Hungary and created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. He ruled peacefully for the next 45 years, but personally suffered the tragedies of the execution of his brother Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico in 1867, the suicide of his son Rudolf in 1889, and the assassinations of his wife Elisabeth in 1898 and his nephew and heir presumptive, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, in 1914.

Matilda Gilruth Carpenter
(1831–1923)

She was a prominent member of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, known for leading the crusade against alcohol sales in Ohio in 1874.

Anna Leonowens (Anna of The King and I)
November  5,  1831 –January 19,  1915)

She was an Anglo-Indian or Indian-born British travel writer, educator, and social activist.

She became well known with the publication of her memoirs, beginning with The English Governess at the Siamese Court (1870), which chronicled her experiences in Siam (modern Thailand), as teacher to the children of the Siamese King Mongkut. Leonowens’s own account was fictionalised in Margaret Landon‘s best-selling novel Anna and the King of Siam (1944), as well as adaptations for other media such as Rodgers and Hammerstein‘s 1951 musical The King and I.

Jonathan (tortoise) 
(hatched c. 1832)

He is a Seychelles giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea hololissa), a subspecies of the Aldabra giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea). His approximate age is estimated to be 191 as of 2024, making him the oldest known living land animal. Jonathan resides on the island of Saint Helena, a British Overseas Territory in the South is a Seychelles giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea hololissa), a subspecies of the Aldabra giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea). His approximate age is estimated to be 191 as of 2024, making him the oldest known living land animal.[4]^[5] Jonathan resides on the island of Saint Helena, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic Ocean.Ocean.

Mary Everest Boole 
(March 11, 1832 – May 17, 1916 )

She was a self-taught mathematician who is best known as an author of didactic works on mathematics, such as Philosophy and Fun of Algebra, and as the wife of fellow mathematician George Boole (November 2, 1815 – December 8, 1864). Her progressive ideas on education, as expounded in The Preparation of the Child for Science, included encouraging children to explore mathematics through playful activities such as curve stitching. Her life is of interest to feminists as an example of how women made careers in an academic system that did not welcome them.

Hetty Green 
(November 21, 1834 – July 3, 1916)

She was an American businesswoman and financier known as “the richest woman in America” during the Gilded Age. Those who knew her well referred to her admiringly as the “Queen of Wall Street” due to her willingness to lend freely and at reasonable interest rates to financiers and city governments during financial panics. Her extraordinary discipline during such times enabled her to amass a fortune as a financier at a time when nearly all major financiers were men.

As a highly successful investor, with a Wall Street office, she was unusual for being a woman in a man’s world. Unwilling to participate in New York City high society, conspicuous consumption, or business partnerships, she may have been eccentric and curt with the press but she was a pioneer of value investing. Her willingness to make low-rate loans (with her well-tended reserves of currency) in place of the failing banks during the Panic of 1907 helped bail out Wall Street, New York City, and the United States economy. Nonetheless, she was seen in her widowhood as an odd miser all in black, sometimes referred to sensationally as the “Witch of Wall Street“, and later the Guinness Book of World Records even named her the “greatest miser,” for a time. Stories that were often cited include her refusal to buy expensive clothes or pay for hot water, and her habit of wearing a single dress that was replaced only when it was worn out. Later evaluations have seen her as perhaps eccentric, but mostly out-of-step with the excesses of the Gilded Age wealthy, and the contemporary expectations for women, especially of her class.

 

    Pope # 257  St. Pius X (Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto)
(June 2, 1835 –  August 20, 1914)
Papal Reign from  August 4,  1903 – August 20, 1914
(11 years, 16 days)
He turned 54 in 1889

 Andrew Carnegie,
(November 25, 1835 – August 11, 1919)

He was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist. Carnegie led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century and became one of the richest Americans in history.

He became a leading philanthropist in the United States, Great Britain, and the British Empire. During the last 18 years of his life, he gave away around $350 million (roughly $6.5 billion in 2023), almost 90 percent of his fortune, to charities, foundations and universities. His 1889 article proclaiming “The Gospel of Wealth” called on the rich to use their wealth to improve society, expressed support for progressive taxation and an estate tax, and stimulated a wave of philanthropy.

Empress Dowager Cixi –
(November  29 1835–November  15, 1908)

She was a Manchu noblewoman of the Yehe Nara clan who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty as empress dowager and regent for almost 50 years, from 1861 until her death in 1908.

On  March 5, 1889, Cixi retired from her second regency, but nonetheless served as the effective head of the imperial family

Guangxu married and took up the reins of power in 1889. By that year, the emperor was already 18, older than the conventional marriage age for emperors. Prior to his wedding, a large fire engulfed the Gate of Supreme Harmony at the Forbidden City. This event followed a trend of recent natural disasters that were considered alarming by many observers. According to traditional Chinese political theory, such incidents were taken as a warning of the imminent loss of the “Mandate of Heaven” by current rulers.

Kalākaua 
(David Laʻamea Kamanakapuʻu Māhinulani Nālaʻiaʻehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua)
 November 16, 1836 – January 20, 1891)

He was the last king and penultimate monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, reigning from February 12, 1874, until his death in 1891. Succeeding Lunalilo, he was elected to the vacant throne of Hawaiʻi against Queen Emma. Kalākaua was known as the Merrie Monarch for his convivial personality – he enjoyed entertaining guests with his singing and ukulele playing. At his coronation and his birthday jubilee, the hula, which had hitherto been banned in public in the kingdom, became a celebration of Hawaiian culture.

J.P. Morgan,
(April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913)

He was an American financier and investment banker who dominated corporate finance on Wall Street throughout the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. As the head of the banking firm that ultimately became known as J.P. Morgan and Co., he was a driving force behind the wave of industrial consolidations in the United States at the turn of the twentieth century.

Henry Rathbone,
(July 1, 1837 – August 14, 1911)

He was a United States military officer and lawyer who was present at the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln; Rathbone and his fiancé Clara Harris were sitting with Lincoln and Lincoln’s wife Mary Todd Lincoln when the president was shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford’s Theatre. When Rathbone attempted to apprehend Booth, Booth stabbed and seriously wounded him. Rathbone may have played a part in Booth’s leg injury. Although he recovered, Rathbone’s mental state deteriorated afterwards, and in 1883, he murdered his wife, Clara, in a fit of madness, later being declared insane by doctors and living the rest of his life in a lunatic asylum.

Alois Hitler
(June 7, 1837 –January 3, 1903)

He was an Austrian civil servant in the customs service, and the father of Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945.

Mother Jones
(1837 (baptized) – November 30, 1930)

She was an Irish-born American labor organizer, former schoolteacher, and dressmaker who became a prominent union organizer, community organizer, and activist. She helped coordinate major strikes, secure bans on child labor, and co-founded the Labor unionist trade union, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).

After Jones’s husband and four children all died of yellow fever in 1867 and her dress shop was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, she became an organizer for the Knights of Labor and the United Mine Workers union. In 1902, she was called “the most dangerous woman in America” for her success in organizing miners and their families against the mine owners.^[1] In 1903, to protest the lax enforcement of the child labor laws in the Pennsylvania mines and silk mills, she organized a children’s march from Philadelphia to the home of President Theodore Roosevelt in New York.

John Muir
(April 21, 1838 – December 24, 1914)

Also known as “John of the Mountains” and “Father of the National Parks“, was a Scottish-born American naturalist, author, environmental philosopher, botanist, zoologist, glaciologist, and early advocate for the preservation of wilderness in the United States.

Liliuokalani,
(September 2, 1838 – November 11, 1917)

She was the only queen regnant and the last sovereign monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom, ruling from January 29, 1891, until the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom on January 17, 1893. The composer of “Aloha ʻOe” and numerous other works, she wrote her autobiography Hawaiʻi’s Story by Hawaiʻi’s Queen (1898) during her imprisonment following the overthrow.

Robert Smalls 
(April 5, 1839 – February 23, 1915)

He was an American politician who was born into slavery in Beaufort, South Carolina. During the American Civil War, the still enslaved Smalls commandeered a Confederate transport ship in Charleston Harbor and sailed it from the Confederate-controlled waters of the harbor to the U.S. blockade that surrounded it. He then piloted the ship to the Union-controlled enclave in Beaufort–Port Royal–Hilton Head area, where it became a Union warship. In the process, he freed himself, his crew, and their families. His example and persuasion helped convince President Abraham Lincoln to accept African-American soldiers into the Union Army.

Marianne Hainisch,
(March 25, 1839 –May 5, 1936)

She was the founder and leader of the Austrian women’s movement. She was also the mother of Michael Hainisch, the second President of Austria (1920–1928).

John D. Rockefeller,
(July 8, 1839 – May 23, 1937)

He was an American business magnate and philanthropist. He was one of the wealthiest Americans of all time and one of the richest people in modern history.

 

Born in 1840’s

The Longest Pope at La Salette -1840’s

Levi Lewis Dorr –
(April 1840 – September 10, 1934)

He was an American Civil War veteran and physician. He served at the Battle of Antietam, and as a physician was one of the original faculty of Cooper Medical College, the predecessor to Stanford University School of Medicine.

William James
(January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910)

He was an American philosopher and psychologist, and the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States.  James is considered to be a leading thinker of the late 19th century, one of the most influential philosophers of the United States, and the “Father of American psychology.

Order of Elk’s Founder’s Wife

Charles Algernon Sidney Vivian
(October 22, 1842 – March 20, 1880)

He is the founder of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, son of a clergyman, was born in Exeter, Devonshire, England on

In November 1867, Vivian arrived in New York City to try his fortune. After coming to America, he and a small group of entertainers who were living in boarding houses in New York formed a social group called the “Jolly Corks”, which became the foundation of the Order of Elks. When one of their members died shortly before Christmas 1867, leaving his wife and children destitute, the Jolly Corks decided that in addition to good fellowship, they wanted to have a more enduring organization to serve those in need. On February 16, 1868, they established the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

He was also a successful comic singer and actor in London, won acclaim for his role as the “Admiral” in Gilbert and Sullivan’s “Pinafore”.

He married  Mary Imogene Holbrook Vivian (1847-1931)  in Oakland, California on July 9, 1876. The newlyweds, billing themselves as “The Vivian Entertainment,” left California immediately, performing in towns, mining camps, and military forts throughout the Western states and in larger cities such as Chicago, Pittsburgh and New York.

Lillie Hitchcock Coit 
(August 23, 1843 – July 22, 1929)

She was a patron of San Francisco’s volunteer firefighters and the benefactor for the construction of the Coit Tower in San Francisco, California.

Cornelius Vanderbilt II 
(November 27, 1843 – September 12, 1899)

He  was an American socialite and a member of the prominent United States Vanderbilt family.

Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 
(August 6, 1844 – 30 July 30, 1900)

He was sovereign Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 22 August 1893 until his death in 1900. He was the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. He was known as the Duke of Edinburgh from 1866 until he succeeded his paternal uncle Ernest II as the reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in the German Empire.

Friedrich Nietzsche
(October 15, 1844 –  August 25, 1900)

He was a German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers.

 Caroline Weldon
(December 4, 1844 – March 15, 1921)

She was a Swiss-American artist and activist with the National Indian Defense Association. Weldon became a confidante and the personal secretary to the Lakota Sioux Indian leader Sitting Bull during the time when Plains Indians had adopted the Ghost Dance movement.

She joined him, together with her young son Christy, at his compound on the Grand River, sharing with him and his family home and hearth. In 1889, during a time of harsh winters and long droughts impacting the Sioux Reservation, a Paiute Indian named Wovoka spread a religious movement from Nevada eastward to the Plains that preached a resurrection of the Native. It was known as the “Ghost Dance movement” because it called on the Indians to dance and chant for the rising up of deceased relatives and the return of the buffalo. The dance included shirts that were said to stop bullets. When the movement reached Standing Rock, Sitting Bull allowed the dancers to gather at his camp. Although he did not appear to participate in the dancing, he was viewed as a key instigator. Alarm spread to nearby white settlements.

Alexander III of Russia
(March 10, 1845 –November 1, 1894)

Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna in the family circle on the porch of his home in Langinkoski, Finland in summer 1889.

Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil,
(July 29, 1846 –November 14, 1921),
daughter of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil

She was the Princess Imperial (heiress presumptive to the throne) of the Empire of Brazil and the Empire’s regent on three occasions.

Joseph Pulitzer 
April 10, 1847 – October 29, 1911)

He was a Hungarian-American politician and newspaper publisher of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and the New York World. He became a leading national figure in the Democratic Party and was elected congressman from New York.

Pulitzer’s name is best known for the Pulitzer Prizes established in 1917 as a result of the specified endowment in his will to Columbia University. The prizes are given annually to recognize and reward excellence in American journalism, photography, literature, history, poetry, music, and drama. Pulitzer also funded the Columbia School of Journalism with his philanthropic bequest; it opened in 1912

Susie King Taylor,
(August 6, 1848 – October 6, 1912)

She was an American nurse, educator and memoirist. She is known for being the first African-American nurse during the American Civil War. Beyond just her aptitude in nursing the wounded of the 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment, Taylor was the first Black woman to self-publish her memoirs. She was the author of Reminiscences of My Life in Camp with the 33rd United States Colored Troops, Late 1st S.C. Volunteers. She was also an educator to formerly bonded Black people in the Reconstruction-era South by opening various schools in Georgia. Taylor would also be a part of organizing the 67 Corps of the Women’s Relief Corps in 1886.

Albert I, Prince of Monaco
(November 13, 1848 –   June 26, 1922)

He was Prince of Monaco from  September 10, 1889 until his death in 1922. He devoted much of his life to oceanography, exploration and science. Alongside his expeditions, Albert I made reforms on political, economic and social levels, bestowing a constitution on the principality in 1911.

Euphemia Wilson Pitblado,
(1849 – June 17, 1928)

She was a Scottish-born American women’s activist, social reformer, and writer. She traveled in Europe, Canada, and in the United States, crossing the Atlantic five times. Pitblado was a delegate to the National Woman Suffrage Association Convention in Washington, D.C., the New England Woman’s Suffrage Association Conventions, the National Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) Conventions in New York City, Denver, and Chicago, and to the annual Woman’s Foreign Missionary Conventions in Boston and Lowell, Massachusetts. Her principal literary works were addresses upon temperance, suffrage, missions, education, and religion.

Lord Randolph Churchill
, (February 13, 1849 –  January 24, 1895)

was a British aristocrat and politician. Churchill was a Tory radical and coined the term ‘Tory democracy‘. He participated in the creation of the National Union of the Conservative Party. His elder son was Winston Churchill, who wrote a biography of him in 1906.

Ivan Pavlov 
(September 26, 1849 – February 27, 1936)

He was a Russian and Soviet experimental neurologist and physiologist known for his discovery of classical conditioning through his experiments with dogs.

Born in 1850’s

Stop and Pray the Angelus between 1850 – 1859

Elizabeth Webb Nicholls 
 (February 21, 1850 –August 3, 1943)

She was a key suffragist in the campaign for votes for women (also called ‘suffrage‘) in South Australia during the 1890s.

She took on several high-profile roles in the capital of South Australia, Adelaide and was President of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) of South Australia,

In July 1886, three months after its formation, Nicholls joined the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union of South Australia. Becoming heavily involved in 1888, Nicholls became the provisional president of the Adelaide branch late that year and was elected colonial president in 1889, holding the position until 1897, one of the most prominent organisations in the successful campaigns which made South Australia the first of the Australian colonies to grant women the right to vote in 1894.

Jnanadanandini Devi
(July 26, 1850 –  October 1, 1941)

She was a social reformer who pioneered various cultural innovations and influenced the earliest phase of women’s empowerment in 19th century Bengal. She is known today for developing a unique style of sari, the Brahmika sari, based on both the traditional Bengali style, with elements from Gujarati and Parsi style drapes she encountered while living in Bombay.

Auguste Deter,
(May 6,  1850 –April 8, 1906)

She was a German woman notable for being the first person to be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.the first person to be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, dies.

John Lincoln Clem (Johnny Shiloh)
August 13, 1851 – May 13, 1937)

He was an American general officer who served as a drummer boy in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He gained fame for his bravery on the battlefield, becoming the youngest noncommissioned officer in the history of the United States Army at the age of 12.

Hirohito’s Ancestors

 Mutsuhito
(November 3, 1852 –July 30, 1912)

Posthumously honored as Emperor Meiji  was the 122nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Reigning from 1867 to his death, he was the first monarch of the Empire of Japan and presided over the Meiji era. His reign is associated with the Meiji Restoration, a series of rapid changes that witnessed Japan’s transformation from an isolationist, feudal state to an industrialized world power. He is the paternal grandfather of

Hirohito 
(April 29, 1901 –January 7, 1989),

Posthumously honored as Emperor Shōwa, was the 124th emperor of Japan, reigning from 1926 until his death in 1989. He was one of the longest-reigning monarchs in the world, with his reign of 62 years being the longest of any Japanese emperor.

Hirohito reigned as a constitutional monarch and was the head of state under the Meiji Constitution during Japanese imperial expansion particularly in China, militarization, and involvement in World War II. During Hirohito’s reign, Japan waged a war across Asia in the 1930s and ’40s.

Anna Adams Gordon 
(1853–1931)

She was an American social reformer, songwriter, and, as national president of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union when the Eighteenth Amendment was adopted, a major figure in the Temperance movement.

Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
(October 17,  1853 –  October 24, 1920)

She was the fifth child and only surviving daughter of Alexander II of Russia and Marie of Hesse and by Rhine; she was Duchess of Edinburgh and later Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as the wife of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. She was the younger sister of Alexander III of Russia and the paternal aunt of Russia‘s last emperor, Nicholas II.

Émile Roux   FRS
(December 17, 1853 –  November 3, 1933)

He was a French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist. Roux was one of the closest collaborators of Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), a co-founder of the Pasteur Institute, and responsible for the institute’s production of the anti-diphtheria serum, the first effective therapy for this disease. Additionally, he investigated cholera, chicken-cholera, rabies, and tuberculosis. Roux is regarded as a founder of the field of immunology.

 Pope # 258 Benedict XV
(November 21, 1854 –January 22,  1922)
Papal Reign from 3 September 1914 –22 January 1922
(7 years, 141 days)
He was 35 in 1889.

  Karl Marx’s Daughters

Karl Marx
(May 5, 1818 –   March 14, 1883)

He was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His best-known works are the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto (with Friedrich Engels) and his three-volume Das Kapital (1867–1894); the latter employs his critical approach of historical materialism in an analysis of capitalism, in the culmination of his intellectual endeavours. Marx’s ideas and their subsequent development, collectively known as Marxism, have had enormous influence on modern intellectual, economic and political history.

Along with his wife
Jenny von Westphalen 
(February 12, 1814 –  December 2,1881)

They were the parents of 7 kids
including

Jenny Longuet 
(May 1, 1844 –   January 11, 1883)

She was the eldest daughter of Marxes. Briefly a political journalist writing under the pen name J. Williams, Longuet taught language classes and had a family of five sons and a daughter before her death to cancer at the age of 38.

Laura Marx 
(September 26, 1845 – November 25, 1911)

She was a socialist activist. The second daughter of Karl Marx and Jenny von Westphalen, she married revolutionary writer Paul Lafargue in 1868. The two committed suicide together in 1911.

Jenny Julia Eleanor Marx
(January 16, 1855 –March 31, 1898)

Sometimes called Eleanor Aveling and known to her family as Tussy, was the English-born youngest daughter of Karl Marx. She was herself a socialist activist who sometimes worked as a literary translator. In March 1898, after discovering that her partner Edward Aveling had secretly married the previous year, she poisoned herself at the age of 43.

In 1884, Marx met Clementina Black, a painter and trade unionist, and became involved in the Women’s Trade Union League. She would go on to support numerous strikes, including the Bryant & May strike of 1888 and the London Dock Strike of 1889. She spoke to the Silvertown strikers at an open meeting in November 1889, alongside her friends Edith Ellis and Honor Brooke. She helped organise the Gasworkers’ Union and wrote numerous books and articles.

In 1885, she helped organise the International Socialist Congress in Paris. The following year, she toured the United States, along with Aveling and the German socialist Wilhelm Liebknecht, raising money for the Social Democratic Party of Germany.

Teixeira Mendes 
(January 5, 1855 –  June 28, 1927)

He was a Brazilian philosopher and mathematician. He is credited with creating the national motto, “Order and Progress”, as well as the national flag on which it appears.

Teixeira Mendes was heavily influenced by Comtism and is classed as a “Humanity Apostle” by Brazil’s Religion of Humanity, which is called “Igreja Positivista do Brasil” or in English “Positivist Church of Brazil.” In life he led the Positivist Church after 1903. For him the Positivist viewpoint meant he opposed most wars and believed in the eventual disappearance of nations. He also opposed Christian missionary work toward the indigenous Brazilians and instead favored a policy based on protection and gradual assimilation. He deemed their societies “fetishistic”, but believed a gradual non-coercive assimilation was the way to turn them into Positivists.

John Nash’s Family Tree

Supreme Court Justice
William O. Douglas Parents

William Douglas (1856-abt.1904)
+ Julia Bickford (Fisk) Douglas (1872-1941)

= William O. Douglas
(October 16, 1898 – January 19, 1980)

He was an American jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1939 to 1975. Douglas was known for his strong progressive and civil libertarian views and is often cited as the U.S. Supreme Court‘s most liberal justice ever. Nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939, Douglas was confirmed at the age of 40, becoming one of the youngest justices appointed to the court. In 1975, Time called Douglas “the most doctrinaire and committed civil libertarian ever to sit on the court.” He is the longest-serving justice in history, having served for 36 years and 209 days.

Douglas’s notable opinions included Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)—which established the constitutional right to privacy, and was foundational to later cases such as Eisenstadt v. Baird, Roe v. Wade, Lawrence v. Texas and Obergefell v. Hodges—Skinner v. Oklahoma (1942), United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc. (1948), Terminiello v. City of Chicago (1949), Brady v. Maryland (1963), and Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections (1966). Douglas also served as an associate justice in the landmark civil rights case Brown v. Board of Education (1954), a Supreme Court case that outlawed segregation in American public schools. He wrote notable concurring or dissenting opinions in cases such as Dennis v. United States (1951), United States v. O’Brien (1968), Terry v. Ohio (1968), and Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969). He was also known as a strong opponent of the Vietnam War and an ardent advocate of environmentalism.

Sigmund Freud
(May 6, 1856 –September 23, 1939)

He was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating pathologies seen as originating from conflicts in the psyche, through dialogue between patient and psychoanalyst, and the distinctive theory of mind and human agency derived from it.

In 1889 Sigmund Freud Traveled to Nancy, France, to study Hippolyte Bernheim’s hypnotic techniques

Martin Freud, a lawyer and the eldest son of Sigmund Freud, was born on December 6, 1889, in Vienna, and died in 1967 in London.

Booker T. Washington
(April 5, 1856 – November 14, 1915)

He was an American educator, author, and orator. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the primary leader in the African-American community and of the contemporary Black elite.

Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell 
February 22, 1857 –January 8, 1941)

He was a British Army officer, writer, founder and first Chief Scout of the world-wide Scout Movement, and founder, with his sister Agnes, of the world-wide Girl Guide/Girl Scout Movement. Baden-Powell wrote the seminal work Scouting for Boys, which, with his previous 1899 book Aids to Scouting for N.-C.Os and Men (intended for the military) captured the imagination of the boys of Britain and led to the creation of the Scout Movement.

Alfred Binet
(July 8, 1857 –  October 18, 1911)

He  was a French psychologist who together with Théodore Simon invented the first practical intelligence test, the Binet–Simon test.

Pope # 259 Pius XI
(May 31, 1857 – February 10, 1939)
Papal Reign from February 6, 1922 to February 10, 1939.
(17 years, 4 days)
He was 32 in 1889

World War I Flying Ace’s Parents

William Rickenbacher (1857-1904)
+ Elizabeth “Lizzie” Basler Rickenbacher (1864-1946)

= Eddie Rickenbacker
(October 8, 1890 – July 23, 1973)

He was an American fighter pilot in World War I and a Medal of Honor recipient. With 26 aerial victories, he was the most successful and most decorated United States flying ace of the war.  He was also a racing driver, an automotive designer, and a long-time head of Eastern Air Lines. 

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s Family Tree

Захар Фёдорович Щербак (1858-1932)
+ Евдокия Григорьевна Щербак (Коваль) (c.1866-1931)
=  Taisiya Solzhenitsyna (Shcherbak) (1894-1944)

Taisiya Solzhenitsyna
+  Isaakiy Solzhenitsyn (1891-1918)

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
(December 11, 1918 – August 3, 2008)

He was a Russian author and Soviet dissident who helped to raise global awareness of political repression in the Soviet Union, especially the Gulag prison system. He was awarded the 1970 Nobel Prize in Literature “for the ethical force with which he has pursued the indispensable traditions of Russian literature”. His non-fiction work The Gulag Archipelago “amounted to a head-on challenge to the Soviet state” and sold tens of millions of copies.

Charles Eastman
(February 19, 1858 – January 8, 1939,

He  was an American physician, writer, and social reformer. He was among the first Native Americans to be certified in Western medicine and was “one of the most prolific authors and speakers on Sioux ethnohistory and American Indian affairs” in the early 20th century.

Eastman was of Santee Dakota, English and French ancestry. After working as a physician on reservations in South Dakota, he became increasingly active in politics and issues on Native American rights. He worked to improve the lives of youths: he founded thirty-two Native American chapters of the YMCA and helped to found the Boy Scouts of America. He was an early Native American historian.

Max Planck – Wikipedia 23 April 1858 – 4 October 1947) was a German theoretical physicist whose discovery of energy quanta won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918.

Emmeline Pankhurst,
(July 15, 1858 – June  14, 1928)

She was a British political activist who organised the British suffragette movement and helped women to win in 1918 the right to vote in Great Britain and Ireland. In 1999, Time named her as one of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th Century, stating that “she shaped an idea of objects for our time” and “shook society into a new pattern from which there could be no going back”.  She was widely criticised for her militant tactics, and historians disagree about their effectiveness, but her work is recognised as a crucial element in achieving women’s suffrage in the United Kingdom. She  was the mother of Christabel, Sylvia and Adela Pankhurst

Omar al-Mukhtar
(August 20, 1858 – 16 September 16 1931)

Called The Lion of the Desert, known among the colonial Italians as Matari of the Mnifa, was a Libyan revolutionary and Imam who led the native resistance in Cyrenaica (currently Eastern Libya) under the Senussids, against the Italian colonization of Libya. A teacher-turned-general, Omar was a prominent figure of the Senussi movement and is considered the national hero of Libya and a symbol of resistance in the Arab and Islamic worlds.  He was 31 in 1889.

Agnes Baden-Powell
(December 16, 1858 –   June 2, 1945)

She was the younger sister of Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, and was most noted for her work in establishing the Girl Guide movement as a female counterpart to her older brother’s Scouting Movement.

Eva Peron’s Parents

 Juan Duarte Manechena Etchegoyen 1858–1926
+ Juana Ibarguren Nuñez 1894–1971

=  Eva Perón 
 (May 7, 1919 –  July 26, 1952)

was an Argentine politician, activist, actress, and philanthropist who served as First Lady of Argentina from June 1946 until her death in July 1952, as the wife of Argentine President Juan Perón. She was born in poverty in the rural village of Los Toldos, in the Pampas, as the youngest of five children. In 1934, at the age of 15, she moved to the nation’s capital of Buenos Aires to pursue a career as a stage, radio, and film actress. She married Perón in 1945, when he was still an army colonel, and was propelled into the political stage when he became President in 1946. She became a central figure of Peronism and Argentine culture because of the Eva Perón Foundation, a charitable organization that had a huge impact in Argentine society.

Caroline Bayard Stevens Wittpenn 
(November 21, 1859 – December 4, 1932)

She was a social reformer and welfare worker from Hoboken, New Jersey. She directed several welfare organizations in New Jersey in the early twentieth century, and she worked within the state’s government to promote welfare-related causes. She also campaigned to establish Clinton Farms Reformatory, the first dedicated women’s prison in New Jersey, and led its board of managers for nearly twenty years.

Her Dad was

Edwin Augustus Stevens
(July 28, 1795 – August 7, 1868)

He was an American engineer, inventor, and entrepreneur who left a bequest that was used to establish the Stevens Institute of Technology.

Carrie Chapman Catt 
(January 9, 1859 – March 9, 1947)

She was an American women’s suffrage leader who campaigned for the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave U.S. women the right to vote in 1920. Catt served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association from 1900 to 1904 and 1915 to 1920. She founded the League of Women Voters in 1920 and the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in 1904, which was later named International Alliance of Women. She “led an army of voteless women in 1919 to pressure Congress to pass the constitutional amendment giving them the right to vote and convinced state legislatures to ratify it in 1920”. She “was one of the best-known women in the United States in the first half of the twentieth century and was on all lists of famous American women.”

Wilhelm II
(January 27, 1859 –  June 4, 1941)

He was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 until his abdication in 1918, which marked the end of the German Empire as well as the Hohenzollern dynasty’s 300-year rule of Prussia.

Malcolm X’s Family Tree

Born in 1860’s

The Civil War Years in Wonderland- 1860 – 1869

Klara Hitler,
(August 12, 1860 –December 21, 1907)

She was the mother of Adolf Hitler, dictator of Nazi Germany. According to the family physician, Dr. Eduard Bloch, she was a very quiet, sweet, and affectionate woman.  In 1934, Hitler honored Klara by naming a street in Passau after her.

John J. Pershing
(September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948)

Nicknamed “Black Jack“, was a senior American United States Army officer. He served most famously as the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) during World War I from 1917 to 1920. In addition to leading the AEF to victory in World War I, Pershing notably served as a mentor to many in the generation of generals who led the United States Army during World War II, including George C. Marshall, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Omar Bradley, Lesley J. McNair, George S. Patton, and Douglas MacArthur.

Jane Addams,
(September 6, 1860 – May 21, 1935)

 She was an American settlement activist, reformer, social worker,  sociologist, public administrator,  philosopher, and author. She was a leader in the history of social work and Women’s suffrage.  In 1889, Addams co-founded Hull House, one of America’s most famous settlement houses, in Chicago, Illinois, providing extensive social services to poor, largely immigrant families. Philosophically a “radical pragmatist“, she was arguably the first woman public philosopher in the United States.  In the Progressive Era, when even presidents such as Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson identified themselves as reformers and might be seen as social activists, Addams was one of the most prominent reformers. 

An advocate for world peace, and recognized as the founder of the social work profession in the United States, in 1931 Addams became the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.  Earlier, Addams was awarded an honorary Master of Arts degree from Yale University in 1910, becoming the first woman to receive an honorary degree from the school. In 1920, she was a co-founder of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).

Juliette Gordon Low,
(October 31, 1860 – January 17, 1927)

She  was the American founder of Girl Scouts of the USA. Inspired by the work of Robert Baden-Powell, founder of Scout Movement, she joined the Girl Guide movement in England, forming her own group of Girl Guides there in 1911.

In 1912, she returned to the United States, and the same year established the first Girl Guide troop in the country in Savannah, Georgia. In 1915, the United States’ Girl Guides became known as the Girl Scouts, and Juliette Gordon Low was the first leader. She remained active until the time of her death.

Her birthday, October 31, is celebrated annually by the Girl Scouts as “Founder’s Day”

The Civil War Years

Victor Frankl’s Parents

Geni – Gabriel Frankl (1861-1943
+  Elsa Frankl (Lion) (1879-1944)

= Viktor Frankl 

 (March 26, 1905 –  September 2, 1997) was an Austrian neurologist, psychologist, philosopher, and Holocaust survivor, who founded logotherapy, a school of psychotherapy that describes a search for a life’s meaning as the central human motivational force.  Logotherapy is part of existential and humanistic psychology theories.

Logotherapy was promoted as the third school of Viennese Psychotherapy, after those established by Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler.

Frankl published 39 books. The autobiographical Man’s Search for Meaning, a best-selling book, is based on his experiences in various Nazi concentration camps. 

Bernard Mizeki
(c. 1861 –June 18, 1896)

was an African Christian missionary and martyr. Born in Mozambique, he moved to Cape Town, attended an Anglican school, and became a Christian.  Under the influence of his teachers, from the Society of St John the Evangelist (SSJE, an Anglican religious order for men, popularly called the Cowley Fathers), he became a Christian and was baptized on  March 9, 1886. Besides the fundamentals of European schooling, he mastered English, French, High Dutch, and at least eight local African languages. In time he would be an invaluable assistant when the Anglican church began translating sacred texts into African languages

Through the work of the Cowley Fathers‘ mission, and particularly the night school run by German missionary Baroness Paula Dorothea von Blomberg, he became a Christian. He and five others were some of the first converts, baptized in St Philip’s Mission, Sir Lowry Road, on 7 March 1886. Shortly thereafter, Bernard (then about 25 years old) started work at St Columba’s Hostel, which was run by the missionaries for African men. Within a few months he was sent to Zonnebloem College to train as a catechist.

Frederick Russell Burnham 
(May 11, 1861 – September 1, 1947)

He was an American scout and world-traveling adventurer. He is known for his service to the British South Africa Company and to the British Army in colonial Africa, and for teaching woodcraft to Robert Baden-Powell in Rhodesia. Burnham helped inspire the founding of the international Scouting Movement.

Nadezhda Sigida
(1862–1889)

She was a Russian revolutionary, heroine of the Kara katorga tragedy of 1889.

The Kara Tragedy occurred on 6-16 November 1889. Political prisoners enjoyed certain privileges in comparison to criminals. The Katorga administration decided to abolish them, that in combination of harsh treatment of the women convicts, resulted in hunger strikes in protest. Eventually, the governor-general Andrei Korf ordered corporal punishment for a female prisoner of the Ust-Kara settlement. She was Nadezhda Sigida, a 27 year old convict arrested in 1886 for being a member of Narodnaya Volya and establishing an underground printing shop in Taganrog. After being flogged she killed herself with poison. As a protest, 23 other political prisoners also took poison resulting in the death of 6 convicts in total, 4 women and 2 men. 

This event stirred a public outcry. As a consequence, the political prison of the Kara katorga was closed, and the use of corporal punishment against imprisoned women and dvorians was abolished by the law of 28 March 1893

William Randolph Hearst
(April 29, 1863 – August 14, 1951)

He was an American newspaper publisher and politician who developed the nation’s largest newspaper chain and media company, Hearst Communications. His flamboyant methods of yellow journalism influenced the nation’s popular media by emphasizing sensationalism and human-interest stories. Hearst entered the publishing business in 1887 with Mitchell Trubitt after being given control of The San Francisco Examiner by his wealthy father, Senator George Hearst.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
(December 18,  1863 –June 28, 1914)

He was the heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary  His assassination in Sarajevo was the most immediate cause of World War I. On  June 28, 1914, Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated in Sarajevo by the 19-year-old Gavrilo Princip, a member of Young Bosnia. Franz Ferdinand’s assassination led to the July Crisis and precipitated Austria-Hungary’s declaration of war against Serbia, which in turn triggered a series of events that eventually led – four weeks after his death – to Austria-Hungary’s allies and Serbia’s allies declaring war on each other, starting World War I.

George Washington Carver
(c. 1864 – January 5, 1943)

He was an American agricultural scientist and inventor who promoted alternative crops to cotton and methods to prevent soil depletion. He was one of the most prominent black scientists of the early 20th century.

Anna Jarvis
(May 1, 1864 – November 24, 1948)

She was the founder of Mother’s Day in the United States. Her mother had frequently expressed a desire to establish such a holiday, and after her mother’s death, Jarvis led the movement for the commemoration. However, as the years passed, Jarvis grew disenchanted with the growing commercialization of the observation and even attempted to have Mother’s Day rescinded. By the early 1940s, she had become infirm, and was placed in a sanatorium by friends and associates where she died on November 24, 1948. A legend exists that a portion of her medical bills were paid for by florists.

John Jacob Astor IV
(July 13, 1864 – April 15, 1912)

He was an American business magnate, real estate developer, investor, writer, lieutenant colonel in the Spanish–American War, and a prominent member of the Astor family. He was among the most prominent American passengers aboard RMS Titanic and perished along with 1,495 others when the ship sank on her maiden voyage. Astor was the richest passenger aboard the RMS Titanic and was thought to be among the richest people in the world at that time, with a net worth of roughly $87 million (equivalent to $2.75 billion in 2023) when he died.

The money in his bank account was enough to build 30 Titanics. However, faced with mortal danger, he chose what he deemed morally right and gave up his spot in a lifeboat to save two frightened children. Love Sweets life Old Historical Photos 2.0

Martin Luther King’s Father

James Albert King (December 1864 – November 17, 1933)

was the father of Martin Luther King Sr.  (December 19, 1899 – November 11, 1984) and paternal grandfather of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr., (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) A. D. King (July 30, 1930 – July 21, 1969), and Christine King Farris (September 11, 1927 – June 29, 2023) . King struggled with alcoholism, and disapproved of his son and wife attending church. When his son Martin became involved in an altercation with a white property owner the family went into hiding for a period.

Edith Cavell
(December 4, 1865 – October 12, 1915)

She was a British nurse. She is celebrated for treating wounded soldiers from both sides without discrimination during the First World War and for helping some 200 Allied soldiers escape from German-occupied Belgium. Cavell was arrested, court-martialled under German military law and sentenced to death by firing squad. Despite international pressure for mercy, the German Government refused to commute her sentence and she was shot. The execution received worldwide condemnation and extensive press coverage.

The night before her execution, she said, “Patriotism is not enough. I must have no hatred or bitterness towards anyone”. These words were inscribed on the Edith Cavell Memorial opposite the entrance to the National Portrait Gallery near Trafalgar Square. Her strong Anglican beliefs propelled her to help all those who needed it, including both German and Allied soldiers. She was quoted as saying, “I can’t stop while there are lives to be saved.”  The Church of England commemorates her in its Calendar of Saints on October 12.

End of the Civil War Years

Anne Sullivan,
(April 14, 1866 – October 20, 1936)

She was an American teacher best known for being the instructor and lifelong companion of Helen Keller.

At the age of five, Sullivan contracted trachoma, an eye disease, which left her partially blind and without reading or writing skills. She received her education as a student of the Perkins School for the Blind. Soon after graduation at age 20, she became a teacher to Keller

Elena Meissner
(1867–1940)

She was a Romanian feminist and suffragist. She was the co-founder of the Romanian women’s movement organisation Asociația de Emancipare Civilă și Politică a Femeii Române (1918) and its president in 1919.

Communist Hunter Joseph McCarthy’s Parents

Timothy Thomas McCarthy (1867-1946)
+ Bridget McCarthy (Tierney) (1870-1941)

= Joseph McCarthy
(November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957)

He was an American politician who served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death at age 48 in 1957. Beginning in 1950, McCarthy became the most visible public face of a period in the United States in which Cold War tensions fueled fears of widespread communist subversion. He alleged that numerous communists and Soviet spies and sympathizers had infiltrated the United States federal government, universities, film industry, and elsewhere. Ultimately, he was censured by the Senate in 1954 for refusing to cooperate with, and abusing members of, the committee established to investigate whether or not he should be censured. The term “McCarthyism“, coined in 1950 in reference to McCarthy’s practices, was soon applied to similar anti-communist activities. Today, the term is used more broadly to mean demagogic, reckless, and unsubstantiated accusations, as well as public attacks on the character or patriotism of political opponents.

Margaret Brown 
(July 18, 1867 – October 26, 1932),

Posthumously known as the “Unsinkable Molly Brown“, was an American socialite and philanthropist. She was a survivor of the RMS Titanic, which sank in 1912, and she unsuccessfully urged the crew in Lifeboat No. 6 to return to the debris field to look for survivors.

During her lifetime, her friends called her “Maggie”, but by her death, obituaries referred to her as the “Unsinkable Mrs. Brown”. Gene Fowler referred to her as “Molly Brown” in his 1933 book Timberline.  The following year, she was referred to as the “Unsinkable Mrs. Brown” and “Molly Brown” in newspapers.

Madam C. J. Walker 
(December 23, 1867 – May 25, 1919)

She was an American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and political and social activist. She is recorded as the first female self-made millionaire in America in the Guinness Book of World Records. Multiple sources mention that although other women (like Mary Ellen Pleasant) might have been the first, their wealth is not as well-documented.

John T. Raulston
(September 22, 1868 – July 11, 1956)

He was an American state judge in Rhea County, Tennessee, who received national publicity for presiding over the 1925 Scopes trial, a famous creationism–evolution debate.

Florence Pannell
(1868 – 1980)

A 108-Year-Old Woman Recalls What It Was Like to Be a Woman in Victorian England | Open Culture

Florence Pannell was born in London in 1868, 3 years after the US abolished slavery and eleven before the advent of the electric lightbulb.

The AIDS crisis is one event of global historical importance that Mrs. Pannell missed—barely—she died in 1980, a few months shy of her 112th birthday.

W.E.. B. Du Bois 
February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963)

He was an American sociologist, socialist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist.

Mary Mallon 
(September 23, 1869 – November 11, 1938),

She is commonly known as Typhoid Mary, was an Irish-born American cook who is believed to have infected between 51 and 122 people with typhoid fever. The infections caused three confirmed deaths, with unconfirmed estimates of as many as 50. She was the first person in the United States identified as an asymptomatic carrier of the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella typhi.  She was forcibly quarantined twice by authorities, the second time for the remainder of her life because she persisted in working as a cook and thereby exposed others to the disease. Mallon died after a total of nearly 30 years quarantined.  Her popular nickname has since become a term for persons who spread disease or other misfortune.

Bamba Sutherland
(September 29, 1869 – March 10, 1957)

She was a member of the royal family that ruled the Sikh Empire in the Punjab. After a childhood in England, she settled in Lahore, the capital of what had been her father’s kingdom, where she was a suffragette and a passionate advocate of self rule and independence of India. She was a close and personal friend of Indian revolutionaries whom she hosted at her house in Lahore like Lala Lajpat Rai.

Mahatma Gandhi 
(October 2, 1869 –January 30,1948)

In September 1888 at age 18, Gandhi left India alone to study law in London. He attempted to become an English gentleman, buying suits, fine-tuning his English accent, learning French, and taking music lessons. Deciding that was a waste of time and money, he spent the rest of his three-year stay as a serious student living a simple lifestyle. Reads books on simple living and decides to reduce expenses by half; studies religious literature; reads Gita for first time and is deeply impressed

Born in 1870’s

The Post Civil War Years – 1870 – 1879

Alfred Adler
(February 7, 1870 – May 28, 1937)

He was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology.  His emphasis on the importance of feelings of belonging, relationships within the family, and birth order set him apart from Freud and others in their common circle. He proposed that contributing to others (social interest or Gemeinschaftsgefühl) was how the individual feels a sense of worth and belonging in the family and society. His earlier work focused on inferiority, coining the term inferiority complex, an isolating element which he argued plays a key role in personality development. Alfred Adler considered a human being as an individual whole, and therefore he called his school of psychology “Individual Psychology”.

Adler was the first to emphasize the importance of the social element in the re-adjustment process of the individual and to carry psychiatry into the community.  A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Adler as the 67th most eminent psychologist of the 20th century.

Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck
(March 20, 1870 –March 9, 1964),

Popularly known as the Lion of Africa (German: Löwe von Afrika), was a general in the Imperial German Army and the commander of its forces in the German East Africa campaign. For four years, with a force of about 14,000 (3,000 Germans and 11,000 Africans), he held in check a much larger force of 300,000 British, Indian, Belgian, and Portuguese troops. He is known for never being defeated or captured in battle. 

Lettow-Vorbeck was the only German commander to successfully invade a part of the British Empire during the First World War. His exploits in the campaign have been described by historian Edwin Palmer Hoyt as “the greatest single guerrilla operation in history, and the most successful”.

Vladimir Lenin 
(April 10, 1870 – January 21, 1924)

He was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until his death in 1924, and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924. Under his administration, Russia, and later the Soviet Union, became a one-party socialist state governed by the Communist Party. Ideologically a Marxist, his developments to the ideology are called Leninism.

In 1889 his family moved to the city of Samara, where he joined Alexei Sklyarenko‘s socialist discussion circle.  There, Lenin fully embraced Marxism and produced a Russian language translation of Marx and Friedrich Engels‘s 1848 political pamphlet, The Communist Manifesto.

Emma Wilson
(May 12, 1870 – October 13, 1983)

She was a validated American supercentenarian who was also the World’s Oldest Person.

Mathew Beard,
(July 9, 1870  –  February 16, 1985: 114 years, 222 days)

He was believed to have been the oldest living person in the world from the death of Emma Wilson till his own death.

Elon Musk Family Tree

John Elon Haldeman (1871-1909)
+ Joshua Norman Haldeman D.C. (1902-1974)  

= Maye Musk 
(born April 19, 1948)

She is a model and dietitian. She has been a model for 50 years, appearing on the covers of magazines, including a Time magazine health edition, Women’s Day, international editions of Vogue, and Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue. She is the mother of Elon Musk, Kimbal Musk and Tosca Musk.^[5] She holds Canadian, South African, and American citizenship. She is a registered dietitian. She is also the mother of 

Elon Musk 
born June 28, 1971)

He is a businessman and investor known for his key roles in the space company SpaceX and the automotive company Tesla, Inc. Other involvements include ownership of X Corp., the company that operates the social media platform X (formerly known as Twitter), and his role in the founding of the Boring Company, xAI, Neuralink, and OpenAI. He is one of the wealthiest individuals in the world; as of August 2024 Forbes estimates his net worth to be US$247 billion.

Rosa Luxemburg,
(March 5,  1871 –January 15, 1919)

She was a Polish and naturalised-German revolutionary socialist, orthodox Marxist, and anti-War activist during the First World War. She became a key figure of the revolutionary socialist movements of Poland and Germany during the late 19th and early 20th century, particularly the Spartacist uprising.

Mao’s Parents

Yichang Mao
(Oct 15, 1870  –Jan 23, 1920)

He was a farmer and also known as a Master of the Abacus.
He was the father of

Mao Zedong
(December 26, 1893 –September  9, 1976)

He was a Chinese politician, Marxist theorist, military strategist, poet, and revolutionary who was the founder of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). He led the country from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976, while also serving as the chairman of the Chinese Communist Party during that time. His theories, military strategies and policies are known as Maoism.

 Elie Wiesel’s Parents

Eliezer Lazar Wiesel, Halevi (1872-1917)
+  Shlomo Elisha Wiesel, Halevi (1894-1944)

= Elie Wiesel 
(September 30, 1928 – July 2, 2016)

He was a Romanian-born American writer, professor, political activist, Nobel laureate, and Holocaust survivor. He authored 57 books, written mostly in French and English, including Night, a work based on his experiences as a Jewish prisoner in the Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps.

Bertrand Russell 
(May 18, 1872 –  February 2, 1970)

He was a British mathematician, logician, philosopher, and public intellectual. He had influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, and various areas of analytic philosophy.

Russell described himself in 1947 as an agnostic or an atheist: he found it difficult to determine which term to adopt, saying:

Therefore, in regard to the Olympic gods, speaking to a purely philosophical audience, I would say that I am an Agnostic. But speaking popularly, I think that all of us would say in regard to those gods that we were Atheists. In regard to the Christian God, I should, I think, take exactly the same line. 

For most of his adult life, Russell maintained religion to be little more than superstition and, despite any positive effects, largely harmful to people. He believed that religion and the religious outlook serve to impede knowledge and foster fear and dependency, and to be responsible for much of our world’s wars, oppression, and misery. He was a member of the advisory council of the British Humanist Association^[156] and the president of Cardiff Humanists until his death.

Emily Davison 
(October 11, 1872 – 8 June 1913)

She was an English suffragette who fought for votes for women in Britain in the early twentieth century. A member of the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) and a militant fighter for her cause, she was arrested on nine occasions, went on hunger strike seven times and was force-fed on forty-nine occasions. She died after being hit by King George V‘s horse Anmer at the 1913 Derby when she walked onto the track during the race.

Dr. Spock’s Parents

Benjamin Ives Spock (1872-1931) 
+ Mildred Louise (Stoughton) Spock (1876-1968)

Benjamin Spock
(May 2, 1903 – March 15, 1998)

He was an American pediatrician  and left-wing political activist. His book Baby and Child Care (1946) is one of the best-selling books of the 20th century, selling 500,000 copies in the six months after its initial publication and 50 million by the time of Spock’s death in 1998. The book’s premise told mothers, “You know more than you think you do.” Dr. Spock was widely regarded as a trusted source for parenting advice in his generation.

Spock was the first pediatrician to study psychoanalysis in an effort to understand children’s needs and family dynamics. His ideas influenced several generations of parents, encouraging them to be more flexible and affectionate with their children and to treat them as individuals. However, his theories were widely criticized by colleagues for relying heavily on anecdotal evidence rather than serious academic research. 

After undergoing a self-described “conversion to socialism“, Spock became an activist in the New Left and anti-Vietnam War movements during the ’60s and early ’70s, culminating in his run for President of the United States as the People’s Party nominee in 1972. He campaigned on a maximum wage, legalized abortion, and withdrawing troops from all foreign countries. His books were criticized by conservatives for propagating permissiveness and an expectation of instant gratification, a charge that Spock denied.

Théodore Simon
(July 10, 1873 –  September 4, 1961)

He was a French psychiatrist who worked with Alfred Binet to develop the Binet-Simon Intelligence Test, one of the most widely used scales in the world for measuring intelligence.

Daniel Daly
(November 11, 1873 – April 27, 1937)

He was a United States Marine and one of nineteen U.S. servicemen to have been awarded the Medal of Honor twice. Daly and Major General Smedley Butler are the only Marines who earned two Medals of Honor for two separate acts of valor.

Daly is among the most decorated U.S. Marines in history, and over a thirty year career saw action in all the major Marine Corps campaigns from 1899 to the end of World War I. He earned his first Medal of Honor during the Boxer Rebellion in 1900 and the second in Haiti in 1915. Butler described Daly as “the fightingest Marine I ever knew…It was an object lesson to have served with him.” General John A. Lejeune called Daly “the outstanding Marine of all time.” 

In World War I, Daly became further cemented into Marine Corps lore when he is said to have yelled, “Come on, you sons of bitches, do you want to live forever?” to his company before charging the Germans at the Battle of Belleau Wood, though there is considerable evidence that the battle cry was the invention of an enthusiastic war correspondent. He was also awarded the Navy Cross and the Distinguished Service Cross for his actions in France.

Daly’s Medals of Honor are on display at the National Museum of the Marine Corps in Triangle, Virginia, which also features the “live forever” quote etched in the stone of the building’s rotunda.

Sara Josephine Baker,
(November 15, 1873 – February 22, 1945)

She was an American physician notable for making contributions to public health, especially in the immigrant communities of New York City. Her fight against the damage that widespread urban poverty and ignorance caused to children, especially newborns, is perhaps her most lasting legacy.  In 1917, she noted that babies born in the United States faced a higher mortality rate than soldiers fighting in World War I, drawing a great deal of attention to her cause.  She also is known for (twice) tracking down Mary Mallon, better known as Typhoid Mary.

Alfred Emanuel Smith
(December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944)

He was an American politician who served four terms as the 42nd governor of New York and was the Democratic Party‘s presidential nominee in 1928.

Smith was the first Roman Catholic to be nominated for president of the United States by a major party. His 1928 presidential candidacy mobilized both Catholic and anti-Catholic voters. Many Protestants (including German Lutherans and Southern Baptists) feared his candidacy, believing that the Pope in Rome would dictate his policies. Smith was also a committed “wet” (i.e., an opponent of Prohibition); as New York governor, he had repealed the state’s prohibition law. As a “wet”, Smith attracted voters who wanted beer, wine, and liquor and did not like dealing with criminal bootleggers, along with voters who were outraged that new criminal gangs had taken over the streets in most large and medium-sized cities. Incumbent Republican Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover was aided by national prosperity, the absence of American involvement in war, and anti-Catholic bigotry, and he defeated Smith in a landslide in 1928.

Stephen Hawking Family Tree

Robert Hawking (1873-1951)
+ Frank Hawking (1905-1986) 

Stephen Hawking
(8 January 1942 – 14 March 2018)

He was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge. Between 1979 and 2009, he was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, widely viewed as one of the most prestigious academic posts in the world.

Lewis Hine 
September 26, 1874 – November 3, 1940)

He was an American sociologist and muckraker photographer. His photographs were instrumental in bringing about the passage of the first child labor laws in the United States.

Fall 1889: 15 year old Lewis began attending West High School, located not far from his home on Division Street. While he pursued his studies he continued to help out in the family eatery and even found time to engage in some of his hobbies. From an early age Hine had been interested in art, particularly wood carving and sculpture. Indeed during his years of a teenager he often voiced hopes that someday he would become an artist or sculptor. In this he was encouraged by his parents, particularly his musically and artistically inclined father, who for a short time, as we have seen, had been a sign painter by trade. However as a further indicator that the Hine family struggled during these years, while still in highschool, young Lewis was forced to begin part-time work in a upholstery factory. -Lewis Hine: Photographer and American Progressive By Timothy J. Duerden · 2018

Sir Winston Churchill
(November 30,  1874 –January 24, 1965)

He was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (during the Second World War) and again from 1951 to 1955. Apart from 1922 to 1924, he was a member of Parliament (MP) from 1900 to 1964 and represented a total of five constituencies. Ideologically an adherent to economic liberalism and imperialism, he was for most of his career a member of the Conservative Party, which he led from 1940 to 1955. He was a member of the Liberal Party from 1904 to 1924.

Winston During Early Years, 1889 Photograph: Winston During Early Years, 1889, Churchill and the Great Republic (A Library of Congress Interactive Exhibition, Text Version) (loc.gov)

In 1889, when this photograph was taken, Churchill was a fourteen-year-old attending Harrow, a well-known private school. He was an indifferent student in several subjects and struggled to pass the entrance examination for the British military academy at Sandhurst. Churchill nonetheless distinguished himself in history, English composition, and fencing. He also successfully memorized 1,200 lines of poetry to win a school prize. Although both he and his parents frequently were disappointed with his performance, Churchill remembered several aspects of his school days with fondness and often returned for visits in later life.

Churchill In April 1888, aged 13, he narrowly passed the entrance exam for Harrow School. His father wanted him to prepare for a military career and so his last three years at Harrow were in the army form.

Felipe Carrillo Puerto 
(November 8, 1874 – January 3, 1924)

He was a Mexican journalist, politician and revolutionary who served as the governor of Yucatán from 1922 until his assassination in 1924. He became known for his efforts at reconciliation between the Yucatec Maya and the Mexican government after the Caste War. 

Temple Grandin’s Parents

John Livingston Grandin, Jr. (1874-1963)
+ Richard McCurdy Grandin (1914-1993)

= Temple Grandin

(born August 29, 1947) is an American academic and ethologist. She is a prominent proponent of the humane treatment of livestock for slaughter and the author of more than 60 scientific papers on animal behavior. Grandin is a consultant to the livestock industry, where she offers advice on animal behavior, and is also an autism spokesperson. 

Grandin is one of the first autistic people to document the insights she gained from her personal experiences with autism. She is a faculty member with Animal Sciences in the College of Agricultural Sciences at Colorado State University.

Jeanne Calment,
(February 21, 1875 –  August  4, 1997)

She was a French supercentenarian and, with a documented lifespan of 122 years and 164 days, the oldest person ever whose age has been verified. Her longevity attracted media attention and medical studies of her health and lifestyle. She is the only person verified to have reached the age of 120 and beyond.

According to census records, Calment outlived both her daughter and grandson. In January 1988, she was widely reported to be the oldest living person, and in 1995, at age 120, was declared the oldest verified person to have ever lived.

Carl Jung
(July 26, 1875 – June 6, 1961)

He was a Swiss psychiatrist, psychotherapist, psychologist and pioneering evolutionary theorist who founded the school of analytical psychology. He was a prolific author, illustrator, and correspondent, and a complex and controversial character, perhaps best known through his “autobiography” Memories, Dreams, Reflections.

 Jung’s work has been influential in the fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, psychology, religious studies and evolutionary theory.

Carter G. Woodson
(December 19, 1875 – April 3, 1950)

He was an American historian, author, journalist, and the founder of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH). He was one of the first scholars to study the history of the African diaspora, including African-American history. A founder of The Journal of Negro History in 1916, Woodson has been called the “father of black history.” In February 1926, he launched the celebration of “Negro History Week,” the precursor of Black History Month. Woodson was an important figure to the movement of Afrocentrism, due to his perspective of placing people of African descent at the center of the study of history and the human experience.

Pope #260 Ven. Pius XII
(March 2, 1876 –October 9,  1958)
Papal Reign from March 2, 1939 –October 9,  1958
(19 years, 221 days)
He was 13 in 1889.

Motto: Opus Justitiae Pax
(“The work of justice [shall be] peace”)

Mata Hari 
(August 7, 1876 – October 15, 1917)

She was a Dutch exotic dancer and courtesan who was convicted of being a spy for Germany during World War I. She was executed by firing squad in France. The idea of a beautiful exotic dancer using her powers of seduction as a spy made her name synonymous with the femme fatale. Her story has inspired books, films, and other works.

It has been said that she was convicted and condemned because the French Army needed a scapegoat, and that the files used to secure her conviction contained falsifications. Some have even stated that Mata Hari could not have been a spy and was innocent.

Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt
(1877–1915),

He was an American businessman and member of the Vanderbilt family. A sportsman, he participated in and pioneered a number of related endeavors. He died in the sinking of the RMS Lusitania.

Caraway, Hattie Wyatt 
1878–1950,

In 1932 she was appointed to fill the unexpired Senate term from Arkansas of her late husband, Thaddeus H. Caraway. With the support of Huey Long, she was elected for a full term later that year, becoming the first woman to be elected to the U.S. Senate. After failing to win renomination in 1944, she was appointed (1945) by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to the Federal Employees Compensation Commission. Infoplease

Pancho Villa
(June 5, 1878 –   July 20, 1923)

He  was a Mexican revolutionary and general in the Mexican Revolution. In life, Villa helped fashion his own image as an internationally known revolutionary hero, starring as himself in Hollywood films and giving interviews to foreign journalists, most notably John Reed.  After his death he was excluded from the pantheon of revolutionary heroes until the Sonoran generals Obregón and Calles, whom he battled during the Revolution, were gone from the political stage. Villa’s exclusion from the official narrative of the Revolution might have contributed to his continued posthumous popular acclaim. He was celebrated during the Revolution and long afterward by corridos, films about his life and novels by prominent writers. In 1976, his remains were reburied in the Monument to the Revolution in Mexico City in a huge public ceremony.

Joseph Stalin,
(December 6, 1878 –  March 5, 1953)

He was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1922 to 1952 and Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1941 until his death. Initially governing as part of a collective leadership, Stalin consolidated power to become dictator by the 1930s; he formalized his Leninist interpretation of Marxism as Marxism-Leninism, while the totalitarian political system he established became known as Stalinism.

Albert Einstein
(March 14, 1879 –  April 18, 1955)

He was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely held as one of the most influential scientists. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics.  His mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc², which arises from relativity theory, has been called “the world’s most famous equation”. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics “for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect“, a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory. His intellectual achievements and originality have made the word Einstein broadly synonymous with genius.

 In 1889 10 year old Albert Einstein attended the Munich academic secondary school till 1894. A book called The Physicist and the Philosopher: Einstein, Bergson, and the Debate That Changed Our Understanding of Time  by Jimena Canales was published on May 26, 2015.

Bob Smith (doctor)
(August 8, 1879 – November 16, 1950)

Also known as Dr. Bob, was an American physician and surgeon who cofounded Alcoholics Anonymous

with Bill Wilson
(more commonly known as Bill W.
(November 26, 1895 – January 24, 1971)

AA is an international mutual aid fellowship with about two million members worldwide belonging to AA groups, associations, organizations, cooperatives, and fellowships of alcoholics helping other alcoholics achieve and maintain sobriety. Following AA’s Twelfth Tradition of anonymity, Wilson is commonly known as “Bill W.” or “Bill”. To identify each other, members of AA will sometimes ask others if they are “friends of Bill”. After Wilson’s death, and amidst controversy within the fellowship, his full name was included in obituaries by journalists who were unaware of the significance of maintaining anonymity within the organization.

Wilson’s sobriety from alcohol, which he maintained until his death, began December 11, 1934.  In 1955, Wilson turned over control of AA to a board of trustees. Wilson died in 1971 of emphysema from smoking tobacco complicated by pneumonia. In 1999, Time listed him as “Bill W.: The Healer” in the Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century

Margaret Sanger
(September 14, 1879 – September 6, 1966),

She  was an American birth control activist, sex educator, writer, and nurse. She popularized the term “birth control”, opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, and established organizations that evolved into the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.

Kartini,
(April 21, 1879 –  September 17, 1904),

She was a prominent Indonesian activist who advocated for women’s rights and female education.

Leon Trotsky
(November 7,  1879 –August 21, 1940)

He was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He was a central figure in the 1905 Revolution, October Revolution, Russian Civil War, and establishment of the Soviet Union. Trotsky and Vladimir Lenin were widely considered the two most prominent Soviet figures, and Trotsky was de facto second-in-command during the early years of the Russian Soviet Republic. Ideologically a Marxist and Leninist, his thought and writings inspired a school of Marxism known as Trotskyism.

Patrick Pearse 
(November 10, 1879 –  May 3, 1916)

He was an Irish teacher, barrister, poet, writer, nationalist, republican political activist and revolutionary who was one of the leaders of the Easter Rising in 1916. Following his execution along with fifteen others, Pearse came to be seen by many as the embodiment of the rebellion.

Born in 1880’s

1st Electric Circus Garden Outlaws – 1880 – 1888

Douglas MacArthur
(January 26, 1880 –  April 5, 1964)

He was an American military leader who served as General of the Army for the United States, as well as a field marshal to the Philippine Army. He served with distinction in World War I, was Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II.

Jeannette Rankin
(June 11, 1880 – May 18, 1973)

She was an American politician and women’s rights advocate who became the first woman to hold federal office in the United States. She was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives as a Republican from Montana in 1916 for one term, then was elected again in 1940. Rankin remains the only woman ever elected to Congress from Montana.

Each of Rankin’s congressional terms coincided with the initiation of U.S. military intervention in one of the two world wars. A lifelong pacifist, she was one of 50 House members who opposed the declaration of war on Germany in 1917. In 1941, she was the sole member of Congress to vote against the declaration of war on Japan following the attack on Pearl Harbor.

A suffragist during the Progressive Era, Rankin organized and lobbied for legislation enfranchising women in several states, including Montana, New York, and North Dakota. While in Congress, she introduced legislation that eventually became the 19th Constitutional Amendment, granting unrestricted voting rights to women nationwide. She championed a multitude of diverse women’s rights and civil rights causes throughout a career that spanned more than six decades. In 1920, she helped found the American Civil Liberties Union and served as a vice president.

Helen Keller
(June 27, 1880 – June 1, 1968)

She was an American author, disability rights advocate, political activist and lecturer. Born in West Tuscumbia, Alabama, she lost her sight and her hearing after a bout of illness when she was 19 months old. She then communicated primarily using home signs until the age of seven, when she met her first teacher and life-long companion Anne Sullivan. Sullivan taught Keller language, including reading and writing. After an education at both specialist and mainstream schools, Keller attended Radcliffe College of Harvard University and became the first deafblind person in the United States to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree.

Helen Keller was attending the Perkins Institute for the Blind. She was one of twelve inaugural inductees to the newly founded Alabama Writers Hall of Fame on June 8, 2015

Robert R. McCormick
(July 30, 1880 – April 1, 1955)

He was an American lawyer, businessman and anti-war activist.

A member of the McCormick family of Chicago, McCormick became a lawyer, Republican Chicago alderman, distinguished U.S. Army officer in World War I, and eventually owner and publisher of the Chicago Tribune newspaper. A leading Republican and isolationist; McCormick opposed the increase in federal power brought about by the New Deal and later opposed American entry into World War II. His legacy includes what is now the McCormick Foundation philanthropic organization.

Pope # 261 St. John XXIII
(November 25, 1881 –  June 3, 1963)
Papal Reign from October 28,  1958 –  June 3, 1963
(4 years, 218 days)
He turned 8 in 1889.

Motto: Obedientia et Pax
 (“Obedience and peace”)

Thomas Selfridge
(February 8, 1882 – September 17, 1908)

He was a first lieutenant in the U.S. Army and the first person to die in an airplane crash. He was also the first active-duty member of the U.S. military to die in a crash while on duty. He was killed while seated as a passenger in a Wright Flyer, on a demonstration flight piloted by Orville Wright.

Sonora Smart Dodd
(February 18, 1882 – March 22, 1978)

She was the daughter of American Civil War veteran William Jackson Smart, and was responsible for the founding of Father’s Day.

Emmy Noether 
(March 23, 1882 – April 14, 1935)

She was a German mathematician who made many important contributions to abstract algebra. She proved Noether’s first and second theorems, which are fundamental in mathematical physics. She was described by Albert Einstein, as the most important woman in the history of mathematics. As one of the leading mathematicians of her time, she developed theories of rings, fields, and algebras. In physics, Noether’s theorem explains the connection between symmetry and conservation laws.

Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch
(November 27, 1882 – July 7, 1944)

She was an American early 20th-century pioneer female dentist who practiced in Texas, Alaska, Arizona and California. She is also known as Leonie von Zesch or Leonie Zesch. She was inducted into the Alaska Women’s Hall of Fame in 2012.

Benito Mussolini
(July 29, 1883 – April 28, 1945)

He was an Italian dictator who founded and led the National Fascist Party (PNF). He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922, until his deposition in 1943, as well as Duce of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919, until his execution in 1945. As a dictator and founder of fascism, Mussolini inspired the international spread of fascist movements during the interwar period. 

Schindler’s Parents

Hans Johann Schindler (1883-1947)
+ Francisca Luserová (1884-1935)

= Oskar Schindler 
(April 28, 1908 –October 9, 1974)

He was a German industrialist, humanitarian, and member of the Nazi Party who is credited with saving the lives of 1,200 Jews during the Holocaust by employing them in his enamelware and ammunitions factories in occupied Poland and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. He is the subject of the 1982 novel Schindler’s Ark and its 1993 film adaptation, Schindler’s List, which reflect his life as an opportunist initially motivated by profit who came to show extraordinary initiative, tenacity, courage, and dedication in saving his Jewish employees’ lives.

United Nations Founders’

Olive Agnes Johnson Bunch
(1884-1917)
is the mother of

Ralph Bunche
(August 7, 1904 – December 9, 1971)

was an American political scientist, diplomat, and leading actor in the mid-20th-century decolonization process and US civil rights movement, who received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his late 1940s mediation in Israel. He is the first black Nobel laureate and the first person of African descent to be awarded a Nobel Prize. He was involved in the formation and early administration of the United Nations (UN), and played a major role in both the decolonization process and numerous UN peacekeeping operations.

1885

While Marty and Doc Traveled Through Time This Also Happened

Alice Paul
(January 11, 1885 – July 9, 1977)

She is one of the foremost leaders and strategists of the campaign for the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which prohibits sex discrimination in the right to vote.

John Henry Towers,
(January 30, 1885 – April 30, 1955)

He was a highly decorated United States Navy four-star admiral and pioneer naval aviator.He was one of few and the only early Naval Aviation pioneers to survive the hazards of early flight to remain with naval aviation throughout his career.

Clementine Churchill, .
(April 1, 1885 –December 12, 1977)

She was the wife of English prime minister Winston Churchill.

John Edensor Littlewood
(June 9, 1885 –September 6, 1977)

He was a British mathematician who worked on topics relating to analysis, number theory, and differential equations,

George S. Patton
(November 11, 1885 – December 21, 1945)

He was a general in the United States Army who commanded the Seventh Army in the Mediterranean Theater of World War II, and the Third Army in France and Germany after the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944.

Patton’s colorful image, hard-driving personality, and success as a commander were at times overshadowed by his controversial public statements. His philosophy of leading from the front, and his ability to inspire troops with attention-getting, vulgarity-laden speeches, such as his famous address to the Third Army, was received favorably by his troops, but much less so by a sharply divided Allied high command. His sending the doomed Task Force Baum to liberate his son-in-law, Lieutenant Colonel John K. Waters, from a prisoner-of-war camp further damaged his standing with his superiors. His emphasis on rapid and aggressive offensive action proved effective, and he was regarded highly by his opponents in the German High Command. An award-winning biographical film released in 1970, Patton, helped popularize his image.

Erwin Schrödinger
(August 2, 1887 –  January 4, 1961)

He was a Nobel Prize–winning Austrian and naturalized Irish physicist who developed fundamental results in quantum theory. In particular, he is recognized for postulating the Schrödinger equation, an equation that provides a way to calculate the wave function of a system and how it changes dynamically in time. He coined the term “quantum entanglement“,^[4][5][6] and was the earliest to discuss it, doing so in 1932.

Violet Jessop 
(October 2, 1887 –  May 5, 1971)

She was an Irish-Argentine ocean liner stewardess and nurse in the early 20th century. Jessop is best known for having survived the sinking of both RMS Titanic in 1912 and her sister ship HMHS Britannic in 1916, as well as having been aboard the eldest of the three sister ships, RMS Olympic, when it collided with the British warship HMS Hawke in 1911.

Alvin York
(December 13, 1887 – September 2, 1964)

Also known by his rank as Sergeant York, was an American soldier who was one of the most decorated United States Army soldiers of World War I.^[1] He received the Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, gathering 35 machine guns, killing at least 25^[2] enemy soldiers and capturing 132 prisoners. York’s Medal of Honor action occurred during the United States-led portion of the Meuse–Argonne offensive in France, which was intended to breach the Hindenburg line and force the Germans to surrender. He earned decorations from several allied countries during the war, including France, Italy and Montenegro.

T. E. Lawrence 
(August 16, 1888 – May 19, 1935)

He was a British Army officer, archaeologist, diplomat and writer best known for his role during the Arab Revolt and Sinai and Palestine campaign against the Ottoman Empire in the First World War. The breadth and variety of his activities and associations, and Lawrence’s ability to describe them vividly in writing, earned him international fame as Lawrence of Arabia, a title used for the 1962 film based on his wartime activities.

Saints and other Catholics Alive and Well in 1889

Descendants of Popes and Presidents Alive in 1889

Ancestors of Popes and Presidents Alive in 1889

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1889